泡沫铝夹层结构抗冲击性能的近场动力学模拟分析

陈洋; 汤杰; 易果; 吴亮; 蒋刚

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2022-0110

泡沫铝夹层结构抗冲击性能的近场动力学模拟分析

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2022-0110

陈洋^1,,
汤杰¹,
易果¹,
吴亮²,
蒋刚¹

1.
上海航天精密机械研究所，上海 201600
2.
武汉科技大学理学院工程力学系，湖北武汉 430065

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（51979205）

详细信息

作者简介:
陈　洋（1994－　），男，硕士，工程师，chenyangwust@sina.com

中图分类号: O347.3
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- PDF下载量: 250
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-03-22
- 修回日期: 2022-05-08
- 网络出版日期: 2022-06-07
- 刊出日期: 2023-03-05

Simulation analysis on impact resistance of aluminum foam sandwich structures using peridynamics

1.
Shanghai Spaceflight Precision Machinery Institute, Shanghai 201600, China
2.
Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Science, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei, China

摘要

摘要: 针对某光学舱所采用的泡沫铝夹层防护结构在破片冲击下的抗冲击性能问题，采用Monte-Carlo方法创建了泡沫铝结构的二维细观模型，在常规态型近场动力学理论中引入了Mises屈服准则和线性各向同性强化模型，建立了近场动力学塑性本构的数值计算框架。基于近场动力学计算程序模拟了低速冲击作用下泡沫铝夹层结构的塑性变形以及有机玻璃背板的裂纹扩展形态，分析了泡沫铝芯材孔隙率对该夹层结构抗冲击性能和损伤模式的影响规律。结果表明：泡沫铝夹层结构良好的塑性变形能力是其发挥缓冲与防护作用的主要因素，并且在一定范围内，泡沫铝芯材孔隙率越高，则夹层结构具有更好的抗冲击性能；当泡沫铝孔隙率从0.4提升到0.7时，泡沫铝对冲击物的动能吸收率从90%提高到99%；模拟结果与实验结果具有较好的一致性，验证了模拟结果的准确性和分析结论的有效性。通过数值模拟，预测了有机玻璃背板的裂纹扩展形态，发现提高泡沫铝的孔隙率能获得更好的防护效果。
- 近场动力学 /
- 泡沫铝夹层结构 /
- 塑性变形 /
- 冲击损伤 /
- 抗冲击性能
Abstract: Under impact, aluminum foam undergoes significant plastic deformation, and the kinetic energy of the impactor is dissipated in the process, thereby protecting the structure from damage. The failure modes of aluminum foam sandwich structures under impact are complex, involving plastic deformation, panel failure, and cracking of the bonding interface. Traditional numerical simulation methods are difficult to solve these discontinuous problems. Peridynamics is a non-local numerical method that describes the mechanical behavior of materials by solving spatial integral equations. It has unique advantages in solving crack propagation, material failure, progressive damage of composite materials, and multi-scale problems. Although the basic bond-based peridynamic theory cannot describe plasticity, the ordinary state-based peridynamic method decouples distortion and dilation and can easily simulate the plastic deformation of materials. Therefore, based on ordinary state-based peridynamics, the Mises yield criterion and the linear isotropic hardening model were introduced to study the factors affecting the impact resistance of aluminum foam sandwich structures. Two-dimensional mesoscopic models of aluminum foam sandwich structure were established by the Monte-Carlo method and impact was simulated using the peridynamic method. The influence of the porosity of aluminum foam on the impact resistance and damage mode of the sandwich structure was analyzed. The results show that the good plastic deformation ability of aluminum foam sandwich structure is the main factor for its buffering and protection, and within a certain range, the higher the porosity of aluminum foam core, the better impact resistance of the sandwich structure. When the porosity of aluminum foam increases from 0.4 to 0.7, the kinetic energy absorption rate of aluminum foam to the impactor increases from 90% to 99%. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results, which verifies the accuracy of the simulation results and the effectiveness of the analysis conclusions. The numerical simulation predicts the crack propagation morphology of the plexiglass backplate, and the results show that improving the porosity of aluminum foam can obtain a better protection effect.
- peridynamics /
- aluminum foam sandwich structure /
- plastic deformation /
- impact damage /
- impact resistance

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图 1 近场动力学质点之间的相互作用

Figure 1. Interaction between particles in peridynamics

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图 2 破片冲击泡沫铝夹层结构模型

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of an aluminum foam sandwich impacted by a fragment

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图 3 Monte-Carlo方法生成泡沫铝算法流程

Figure 3. Algorithm flow chart of the Monte-Carlo method to generate aluminum foam

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图 4 泡沫铝夹层结构的近场动力学离散模型

Figure 4. Discrete models of aluminum foam sandwiches for peridynamics

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图 5 泡沫铝夹层结构的变形过程

Figure 5. Deformation process of an aluminum foam sandwich

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图 6 泡沫铝夹层结构的塑性变形

Figure 6. Plastic deformation of an aluminum foam sandwich

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图 7 冲击物的速度曲线

Figure 7. Velocity curves of impactors

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图 8 冲击物的加速度曲线

Figure 8. Acceleration curves of impactors

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图 9 采用落锤实验获取冲击物加速度峰值

Figure 9. The peak impact acceleration of the impactor obtained by a drop-weight experiment

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图 10 不同孔隙率下的冲击加速度峰值

Figure 10. Peak impact accelerationsat different porosities

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图 11 有机玻璃背板的裂纹扩展

Figure 11. Crack propagation in PMMA plates

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表 1 材料参数

Table 1. Material parameters

材料 ρ/(kg∙m⁻³) E/GPa ν σ_y/MPa E_t/MPa s_c

铝 2700 69.5 0.33 127 586
有机玻璃 1190 3.6 0.4 0.047
环氧树脂 3 0.37 0.047

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表 2 冲击过程中冲击物的主要运动参数

Table 2. Main motion parameters of impact object in the process of impact

孔隙率反弹速度/(m∙s⁻¹) 残余动能/mJ 加速度峰值/(km∙s⁻²) 动能吸收率/%

0.7 0.68 8 47 99
0.6 2.91 15 53 97
0.5 4.72 39 66 94
0.4 6.08 65 85 90

下载: 导出CSV

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