带攻角平头弹侵彻不同厚度芳纶层合板的数值模拟

季海波; 王昕; 赵振宇; 赵中南; 李雪; 韩佳彤; 卢天健

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2022-0231

带攻角平头弹侵彻不同厚度芳纶层合板的数值模拟

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2022-0231

季海波^{1, 2,},
王昕^{3, 4},
赵振宇^{1, 2},
赵中南⁵,
李雪^{1, 2},
韩佳彤^{1, 2},
卢天健^{1, 2, ,}

1.
南京航空航天大学机械结构力学及控制国家重点实验室，江苏南京 210016
2.
南京航空航天大学多功能轻量化材料与结构工信部重点实验室，江苏南京 210016
3.
西安交通大学机械结构强度与振动国家重点实验室，陕西西安 710049
4.
新加坡国立大学冲击动力学实验室，新加坡 117575
5.
西北核技术研究院，陕西西安 710024

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（11972185）

详细信息

作者简介:
季海波（1998－　），男，硕士研究生，hbji_01@163.com

通讯作者:
卢天健（1964－　），男，博士，教授，tjlu@nuaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: O347
计量
- 文章访问数: 494
- HTML全文浏览量: 117
- PDF下载量: 161
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-05-30
- 修回日期: 2022-07-08
- 网络出版日期: 2022-09-13
- 刊出日期: 2023-06-05

Simulation on penetration of a flat-nosed projectile with attack angle into aramid laminates having varying thickness

JI Haibo^{1, 2
,},
WANG Xin^{3, 4},
ZHAO Zhenyu^{1, 2},
ZHAO Zhongnan⁵,
LI Xue^{1, 2},
HAN Jiatong^{1, 2},
LU Tianjian^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, Jiangsu, China
2.
MIIT Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Lightweight Materials and Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, Jiangsu, China
3.
State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, Shaanxi, China
4.
Impact Mechanics Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
5.
Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi’an 710024, Shaanxi, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究攻角对不同厚度芳纶层合板抗平头弹侵彻性能的影响，构建了三维有限元计算模型，首先通过对比实验结果验证了其可靠性，然后基于该数值模型，进一步计算了0°～30°攻角范围内，4、8和16 mm靶板的弹道响应，从子弹剩余速度、靶板能量吸收率、极限弹道速度与穿孔能量阈值4个方面，综合评估了芳纶层合板的抗侵彻性能。结果表明：攻角的影响与靶板厚度及子弹入射速度有关，随着攻角的增大，靶板的极限速度和穿孔能量阈值均有所降低，降低的程度随厚度的增加而减小；入射速度接近芳纶层合板弹道极限速度时，子弹剩余速度随着攻角增大而增大，但速度远高于弹道极限速度时，子弹剩余速度随着攻角增大而减小；攻角对芳纶层合板弹道性能的影响机理随靶板的破坏模式不同而改变。
- 攻角 /
- 芳纶层合板 /
- 平头弹 /
- 弹道极限速度 /
- 穿孔能量阈值
Abstract: A three-dimensional finite element (FE) model was developed to quantify the effect of attack angle on the penetration resistance of aramid laminates having varying thickness against flat-nosed projectile. The model was created through a macroscopic approach, which did not take into account the internal microscopic structure of the laminate and macroscopically equated each laminate as a homogeneous orthotropic anisotropic material. The validity of FE simulation results was compared with existing experimental data, with good agreement achieved in terms of residual velocities of the project and damage patterns of the aramid laminates. The validated FE model was subsequently employed to simulate the ballistic responses of 4, 8 and 16 mm target plates in the range of 0°～30° attack angle. The residual velocity of the projectile, energy absorption rate of target, ballistic limit, and perforation energy threshold were calculated to characterize the ballistic performance of aramid laminates. By comparing the damage patterns of the aramid laminates and the contact forces applied to the project under different conditions, the mechanical mechanism by which the attack angle affected the ballistic performance of the aramid laminates at different impact velocities and different target thicknesses was explained. Within the studied working conditions, obtained results revealed that: the attack angle affects significantly the ballistic performance of aramid laminates, depending upon projectile impact velocity and target thickness; the ballistic limit and perforation energy threshold decrease with increasing attack angle, and the degree of such decrease is reduced as target thickness is increased; the residual velocity of projectile increases with increasing attack angle when the impact velocity is close to the ballistic limit and decreases with increasing attack angle when the velocity is well above the ballistic limit; the influencing mechanism of attack angle on ballistic performance varies with the damage pattern of aramid laminates.
- attack angle /
- aramid laminate /
- flat-nosed projectile /
- ballistic limit velocity /
- perforation energy threshold

HTML全文

图 1 子弹侵彻靶板的着角φ与攻角α示意图

Figure 1. Schematic of impact angle φ and attack angle α of flat-nosed projectile impacting a target plate

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图 2 带攻角侵彻芳纶层合板的数值模型

Figure 2. Simulation model of impacting aramid laminate with attack angle

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图 3 网格无关性分析

Figure 3. Mesh-independent analysis

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图 4 有限元模拟的能量历程

Figure 4. Energy histories by finite element simulations

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图 5 马格南子弹侵彻芳纶层合板数值模型

Figure 5. The numerical model for a magnum projectile penetrating aramid laminates

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图 6 速度为400.51 m/s的马格南子弹冲击八层芳纶层合板数值模拟与实验^[12]得到的失效模式对比

Figure 6. Comparison between simulated and experimental^[12] failure modes of the eight-layer aramid laminate impacted by the magnum projectile at 400.51 m/s

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图 7 马格南子弹冲击具有不同层数的芳纶层合板数值模拟和实验剩余速度的对比

Figure 7. Comparison between simulated and experimental residual velocities of the magnum projectile penetrating aramid laminates with different layers

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图 8 攻角对4 mm厚芳纶层合板剩余弹速和能量吸收率的影响

Figure 8. Effect of attack angle on residual velocity and energy absorption ratio of 4-mm-thickness aramid laminates

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图 9 攻角对4 mm厚芳纶层合板弹道极限速度和穿孔能量阈值的影响

Figure 9. Effect of attack angle on ballistic limit velocity and perforation energy threshold of 4-mm-thickness aramid laminates

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图 10 攻角对8 mm厚芳纶层合板剩余弹速和能量吸收率的影响

Figure 10. Effect of attack angle on residual velocity and energy absorption ratio of 8-mm-thickness aramid laminates

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图 11 攻角对8 mm厚芳纶层合板弹道极限速度和穿孔能量阈值的影响

Figure 11. Effect of attack angle on ballistic limit velocity and perforation energy threshold of 8-mm-thickness aramid laminates

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图 12 攻角对16 mm厚芳纶层合板剩余弹速和能量吸收率的影响

Figure 12. Effect of attack angle on residual velocity and energy absorption ratio of 16-mm-thickness aramid laminates

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图 13 攻角对16 mm厚芳纶层合板弹道极限速度和穿孔能量阈值的影响

Figure 13. Effect of attack angle on ballistic limit velocity and perforation energy threshold of 16-mm-thickness aramid laminates

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图 14 攻角对芳纶层合板弹道极限速度和穿孔能量阈值的影响

Figure 14. Effect of attack angle on ballistic limit velocity and perforation energy threshold of aramid laminates

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图 15 入射速度200 m/s下不同攻角侵彻4 mm厚芳纶层合板的x方向应力分布

Figure 15. Distribution of x-directional stress in 4-mm-thickness aramid laminates penetrated by the flat-nosed projectile with a fixed impact velocity of 200 m/s and varying attack angles

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图 16 入射速度300 m/s下不同攻角侵彻4 mm厚芳纶层合板的x方向应力分布

Figure 16. Distribution of the x-directional stress in 4-mm-thickness aramid laminates penetrated by the flat-nosed projectile with the fixed impact velocity of 300 m/s and varying attack angles

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图 17 不同攻角侵彻4 mm厚芳纶层合板接触力-时间曲线

Figure 17. Contact force-time curves of 4-mm-thickness aramid laminates penetrated with different attack angles

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图 18 入射速度250 m/s下不同攻角侵彻8 mm厚芳纶层合板的x方向应力分布

Figure 18. Distribution of the x-directional stress in 8-mm-thickness aramid laminates penetrated by the flat-nosed projectile with the fixed impact velocity of 250 m/s and varying attack angles

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图 19 入射速度350 m/s下不同攻角侵彻16 mm厚芳纶层合板的x方向应力分布

Figure 19. Distribution of the x-directional stress in 8-mm-thickness aramid laminates penetrated by the flat-nosed projectile with the fixed impact velocity of 350 m/s and varying attack angles

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图 20 子弹以不同攻角侵彻8和16 mm厚芳纶层合板的接触力-时间曲线

Figure 20. Contact force-time curves for penetration of 8 and 16-mm-thickness aramid laminates by a projectile with varying attack angles

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表 1 芳纶层合板本构模型及失效准则相关材料参数^[12]

Table 1. Material parameters of constitutive model and failure criterion for aramid laminate^[12]

ρ/(kg·m⁻³)	E_x/GPa	E_y/GPa	E_z/GPa	G_xy/GPa	G_yz/GPa	G_zx/GPa	X_t/MPa
1191	7.618	11.05	6	2.123	5.43	5.43	400

Y_t/MPa	X_c/MPa	Y_c/MPa	S_c/MPa	S_n/MPa	S_s/MPa
530	94	113	67	62.8	22.9

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表 2 45钢塑性变形及韧性断裂模型的相关材料参数^[45]

Table 2. Material parameters of plastic deformation and ductile fracture models for 45 steel^[45]

ρ/(kg·m⁻³)	E/GPa	A/MPa	B/MPa	n	C	m	$ {\dot \varepsilon _0} $/s⁻¹
7800	200	506	320	0.28	0.064	1.06	1

T_m/K	c_r/(J·kg⁻¹·K⁻¹)	D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅
1795	469	0.10	0.76	1.57	0.005	−0.84

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表 3 铅和铜的塑性形变及断裂模型相关材料参数^[45]

Table 3. Material parameters of plastic deformation and ductile fracture models for lead and copper^[45]

材料	ρ/(kg·m⁻³)	E/GPa	A/MPa	B/MPa	n	C	m
铅	10.66	16	0	36.62	0.0987	0.1593	1
铜	8.52	115	111.69	504.69	0.42	0.0085	1.68

材料	$ {\dot \varepsilon _0} $/s⁻¹	T_m/K	c/(J·kg⁻¹·K⁻¹)	W_cr/MPa
铅	72.108	525	124	175
铜	1	1288	385	914

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表 4 数值模拟和实验结果对比

Table 4. Comparison between numerically calculated results and experimentally results

实验	层数	入射速度/(m·s⁻¹)	剩余速度/(m·s⁻¹)		相对误差/%
实验	层数	入射速度/(m·s⁻¹)	实验^[12]	数值模拟	相对误差/%
1	8	440.51	417.76	414	0.90
2	13	432.44	367.69	367	0.18
3	18	435.36	300.33	323	7.55
4	28	657.64	508.41	546	7.39

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