舱内爆炸角隅汇聚反射冲击波超压特性研究

刘博文; 龙仁荣; 张庆明; 巨圆圆; 钟贤哲; 汪海洋; 刘文近

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2022-0232

舱内爆炸角隅汇聚反射冲击波超压特性研究

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2022-0232

1.
北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室，北京100081
2.
海军研究院，北京 100161

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（11902356）

详细信息

作者简介:
刘博文（1996－　），男，硕士研究生，liubowen610@163.com

通讯作者:
龙仁荣（1982－　），男，博士，副教授，longrenrong@bit.edu.cn

中图分类号: O383; O344.7
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-05-30
- 修回日期: 2022-08-17
- 网络出版日期: 2022-08-30
- 刊出日期: 2023-01-05

Study on the corner overpressure characteristics of concentrated reflected shock wave due to internal blast in cabin

1.
State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
2.
Naval Research Institute, Beijing 100161, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究密闭舱室内爆角隅汇聚反射冲击波超压特性，利用缩比模型进行了某典型舱室内爆试验，得到远离角隅、两面角隅和三面角隅处的冲击波载荷，结合数值模拟研究了3种特征位置处冲击波传播规律及载荷特征。研究结果表明：远离角隅处壁面反射冲击波超压曲线呈现单峰结构，反射冲击波以球面波传播；距两面角隅一定范围内冲击波超压曲线呈现双峰结构，两面角隅冲击波超压曲线呈现单峰结构，角隅汇聚反射冲击波以椭球状传播；距三面角隅一定范围内冲击波超压曲线呈现多峰结构，三面角隅冲击波超压曲线呈现单峰结构，角隅汇聚反射冲击波以球面波传播；在合理假设条件下，根据量纲分析及数值模拟结果，得到首次冲击时角隅汇聚反射冲击波载荷经验计算公式。
- 舱内爆炸 /
- 角隅 /
- 冲击波 /
- 量纲分析
Abstract: In order to study the propagation law and load characteristics of shock wave at the corner due to the internal blast in a closed cabin, a typical cabin explosion test was carried out using a scaled model. Overpressure loads of shock wave in one-sided, two-sided and three-sided corners were obtained. The EULER-FCT algorithm in the AUTODYN software was used to simulate the explosion test in the cabin, and the shock wave propagation law and load characteristics at three characteristic positions were studied. The results show that the overpressure time history curve of the wall reflected shock wave far from the corner is a single-peak structure, and the reflected shock wave propagates in a spherical shape. Within a certain range from the two-sided corner, the shock wave overpressure curve is a double-peak structure. The shock wave overpressure time history curve at the edge of the two-sided corner is a single-peak structure. And the corner convergent shock wave propagates in an ellipsoid shape. The peak overpressure and specific impulse of the two-sided corner convergent shock wave are about 1.83 times and 3.77 times more than those of the wall reflected shock wave at the same position. Within a certain range from the three-sided corner, the shock wave overpressure curve is a multi-peak structure. The shock wave overpressure time history curve at the three-sided corner is a single-peak structure. And the corner convergent shock wave propagates in a spherical shape. The converging ability of the three-sided corner to the shock wave is stronger than that of the two-sided corner. The peak overpressure and specific impulse of the converging shock wave in the three-sided corner are about 7.6 times and 10.4 times those of the wall reflected shock wave at the same position. Under certain assumptions, according to dimensional analysis and numerical simulation of typical compartments under different TNT charge internal explosion conditions, an empirical calculation formula of corner convergent reflected shock wave load at the first impact was obtained.
- internal blast /
- corner /
- shock wave /
- dimensional analysis

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图 1 试验舱室

Figure 1. Test cabin

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图 2 传感器位置示意图

Figure 2. Schematic of sensor positions

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图 3 舱内爆炸试验结果

Figure 3. Results of cabin explosion test

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图 4 数值模拟模型

Figure 4. Numerical simulation model

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图 5 冲击波压力云图

Figure 5. Shock wave pressure contours

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图 6 试验与数值模拟冲击波超压曲线对比

Figure 6. Comparison of shock wave overpressure curves between test and numerical simulation

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图 7 yOz平面不同时刻冲击波压力云图

Figure 7. Shock wave pressure contour at different times on the yOz plane

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图 8 三面角隅不同时刻冲击波压力云图

Figure 8. Shock wave pressure contours at different times at the three-sided corner

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图 9 舱室底面不同时刻冲击波压力云图

Figure 9. Shock wave pressure distribution at the bottom of the cabin at different times

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图 10 测点布置

Figure 10. Layout of measuring points layout

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图 11 两面角隅处测点冲击波超压曲线

Figure 11. Shock wave overpressure curve of the measuring points at the two-sided corner

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图 12 两面角隅冲击波与壁面反射冲击波峰值超压和比冲量的比值随装药量的变化

Figure 12. Ratio of peak overpressure and specific impulse of two-sided corner shock wave to wall-reflected shock wave as a function of charge

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图 13 三面角隅处测点6冲击波超压曲线

Figure 13. Shock wave overpressure curve of the measuring point 6 at the three-sided corner

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图 14 三面角隅冲击波与壁面反射冲击波峰值超压和比冲量的比值随装药量的变化

Figure 14. Ratio of the peak overpressure and the specific impulse of the three-sided corner shock wave to wall-reflected shock wave as a function of charge mass

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图 15 测点A7、A8和A9的冲击波超压曲线

Figure 15. Shock wave overpressure curves at measuring points A7, A8 and A9

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图 16 测点A12、A13和A14的冲击波超压曲线

Figure 16. Shock wave overpressure curves at measuring points A12, A13 and A14

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图 17 两面角隅和三面角隅汇聚反射冲击波作用范围

Figure 17. Range of converging reflected shock waves at the two-sided corner and the three-sided corner

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图 18 数值模拟布局

Figure 18. Numerical simulation layout

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图 19 两面角隅边线数值模拟结果与拟合公式对比

Figure 19. Comparison of two-sided corner simulation results and fitting formula

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图 20 三面角隅数值模拟结果与拟合公式对比图

Figure 20. Comparison of three-sided corner simulation results and fitting formula

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表 1 压力测点空间坐标

Table 1. Sensor coordinates

测点	x/m	y/m	z/m
S1	2.000	0.825	0.880
S2	1.349	1.130	1.750
S3	1.000	1.360	1.750
S4	0.270	0.140	1.750

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表 2 各测点峰值超压和比冲量

Table 2. Overpressures and specific impulses at different measuring points

测点编号	距爆心距离/m	压力/kPa			比冲量/(Pa·s)
测点编号	距爆心距离/m	第1个峰值	第2个峰值	第3个峰值	比冲量/(Pa·s)
S1	1.00	401.22	*	*	93.48
S2	1.02	396.35	*	*	82.76
S3	1.07	528.87	326.64	*	154.24
S4	1.29	231.69	301.58	170.46	160.81
注：*表示该测点处没有后续压力峰值。

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表 3 TNT炸药材料参数

Table 3. Material parameters of TNT

ρ_e/(kg·m⁻³)	D/(m·s⁻¹)	C₁/MPa	C₂/MPa	r₁	r₂	ω	v
1630	6930	3.74×10⁵	3.75×10³	4.15	0.9	0.35	1

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表 4 试验与数值模拟结果对比

Table 4. Comparison of experimental and simulation results

测点	超压/kPa		误差/%
测点	试验	数值模拟	误差/%
S1	401.22	396.99	−1.0
S2	396.35	378.64	−4.5
S3	528.87	461.56	−12.7
S4	231.69	224.49	−3.1

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表 5 两面角隅汇聚反射冲击波与壁面反射冲击波对比

Table 5. Comparison of the two-sided corner convergent reflect shock waves and the wall reflected shock waves

测点	Δp/kPa	i/(Pa·s)	Δp_r/kPa	i_r/(Pa·s)	Δp/Δp_r	i/i_r
A1	769.19	228.02	420.39	52.77	1.83	4.32
A2	756.34	222.03	403.43	51.99	1.87	4.27
A3	736.43	203.17	360.41	49.86	2.04	4.07
A4	707.06	176.29	305.71	46.81	2.31	3.77

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表 6 测点空间坐标

Table 6. Measuring point coordinates

测点	L₁/m	L₂/m	L₃/m
1	1	1.5	1.75
2	1.125	1.5	1.75
3	1.25	1.5	1.75
4	1.375	1.5	1.75
5	1.5	1.5	1.75
6	2	1.5	0.875
7	2	1.5	1
8	2	1.5	1.125
9	2	1.5	1.25
10	2	1.5	1.375
11	2	0.75	1.75
12	2	0.875	1.75
13	2	1.0	1.75
14	2	1.125	1.75
15	2	1.25	1.75

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表 7 两面角隅冲击波载荷数值模拟结果与拟合结果对比

Table 7. Comparison between simulation results and fitting results of shock wave load at the two-sided corner

w/kg	L₁/m	L₂/m	L₃/m	Δp/kPa		误差/%
w/kg	L₁/m	L₂/m	L₃/m	数值模拟	拟合	误差/%
0.16	1	1.5	1.75	1035.87	1099.89	6.2
0.22	1.125	1.5	1.75	1420.92	1447.98	1.9
0.28	1.25	1.5	1.75	1778.55	1768.30	−0.5
0.34	1.375	1.5	1.75	2094.97	2065.73	−1.4

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表 8 三面角隅冲击波载荷数值模拟结果与拟合结果对比汇总表

Table 8. Comparison between simulation results and fitting results of shock wave load at the three-sided corner

w/kg	Δp/kPa		误差/%
w/kg	数值模拟	拟合	误差/%
0.16	2128.14	2105.47	−1.1
0.22	2957.61	2938.67	−0.6
0.28	3743.49	3782.76	1
0.34	4525.83	4635.46	2.4

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表 9 不同尺寸下三面角隅处数值模拟结果与拟合结果对比

Table 9. Comparison of simulation results and fitting results at the three-sided corner under different sizes

H/m	w/kg	Δp/kPa		误差/%
H/m	w/kg	数值模拟	拟合	误差/%
1	0.6	75759.469	74112.974	−2.2
2	0.75	9961.668	10612.649	6.5
3	0.86	3508.824	3427.298	−2.3
4	0.95	1682.378	1539.208	−8.5
5	1.0	935.492	806.687	−13.7
6	1.1	666.898	502.730	−24.6

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