试样形状对轴承钢绝热剪切带微观组织的影响

李志刚; 李淑欣; 余丰; 鲁思渊; 王永刚

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2022-0357

试样形状对轴承钢绝热剪切带微观组织的影响

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2022-0357

李志刚^{1, 2,},
李淑欣^{1, 2, 3, ,},
余丰^{1, 2},
鲁思渊^{1, 2, 3},
王永刚^{1, 2}

1.
宁波大学机械工程与力学学院，浙江宁波 315211
2.
宁波大学冲击与安全工程教育部重点实验室，浙江宁波 315211
3.
浙江省零件轧制成形技术研究重点实验室，浙江宁波 315211

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（52075271）

详细信息

作者简介:
李志刚（1996－　），男，硕士研究生，1325537957@qq.com

通讯作者:
李淑欣（1975－　），女，博士，教授，lishuxin@nbu.edu.cn

中图分类号: O383
计量
- 文章访问数: 320
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- PDF下载量: 51
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-08-16
- 修回日期: 2023-01-05
- 网络出版日期: 2023-02-14
- 刊出日期: 2023-04-05

Effect of the specimen shape on microstructure of the adiabatic shear band in bearing steel

LI Zhigang^{1, 2
,},
LI Shuxin^{1, 2, 3
, ,},
YU Feng^{1, 2},
LU Siyuan^{1, 2, 3},
WANG Yonggang^{1, 2}

1.
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Impact and Safety Engineering, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
3.
Part Rolling Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China

摘要

摘要: 绝热剪切带（ASB）的微观组织受试样几何形状的影响。对圆柱、帽形和剪切压缩型三种不同形状的试样进行分离式霍普金森压杆高速冲击试验，研究试样形状对轴承钢绝热剪切带的形成和微观组织的影响。结果表明，在应变率为1800~3100 s^-1的范围内，材料对应变率的敏感性很低。圆柱试样呈现明显的应变硬化，而帽形试样和剪切压缩型试样（SCS）在不同应变率下分别出现应变硬化和无应变硬化的特征，但流变应力并未因应变硬化而提高。试样形状对ASB的微观形貌和组织有很大影响。圆柱试样上产生了窄且细长的ASB，只发生了应变诱发的晶粒细化，属于形变ASB；帽形试样和SCS则形成大片状的ASB，由等轴晶组成，且发生了体心立方体（BCC）马氏体转变为面心立方体（FCC）奥氏体的相变，属于相变ASB。尤其是SCS中ASB的等轴晶，有非常清晰的晶界，是典型的动态再结晶晶粒。温升计算结果显示，圆柱试样ASB的温升远低于奥氏体相变温度，而帽形试样和SCS的温升高于马氏体的熔点，导致局部熔融。
- 轴承钢 /
- 绝热剪切带 /
- 相变 /
- 等轴晶
Abstract: The microstructure of adiabatic shear band (ASB) is influenced by the specimen geometric shape. High-speed impact tests were performed on specimens of three different shapes of cylinder, hat-shaped, and shear-compression by a split Hopkinson pressure bar, to study the effect of the specimen shape on the formation and microstructure of the adiabatic shear band in the bearing steel. The results show that at the strain rate from 1800 to 3100 s^-1, the flow stress remains almost the same with increasing the strain rate in three different shapes of sepcimens, indicating that the material shows low strain rate sensitivity. At high strain rates, the cylindrical specimen exhibits a strong strain hardening, while the hat-shaped specimen and the shear-compression specimen (SCS) show both strain hardening and no strain hardening features at different strain rates, but their flow stresses are not increased due to hardening effect. The fracture surface of the cylindrical specimen presents a large number of dense and tiny elliptical dimples. The number of dimples is greatly reduced on the hat-shaped specimen. The dimple, however, has a width that is twice of that of the cylindrical specimen. There is a distinct shearing path of carbides. In contrast, the SCS has even fewer but much larger dimples, with the width of 1.6 μm, twice of the hat-shaped specimen, and the shearing path of carbides reaches 7 μm. Local melting occurs on both the hat-shaped specimen and SCS, especially the SCS, a massive melting is displayed. A long and narrow ASB was produced in the cylindrical specimen, and only strain-induced grain refinement occurred in the ASB, which belongs to the deformed ASB. Large patch of ASBs is generated in the hat-shaped specimen and SCS. The ASBs consist of equiaxed grains and belong to the transformed ASB as the phase transformation from martensite to austenite occurred. In particular, the equiaxed grains in the ASB of the SCS have very clear grain boundaries, which are typical dynamic recrystallization grains. It can conclude that the shape of the specimen has a great influence on the microscopic morphologies and microstructures of ASB. The cylindrical specimen is in a typical compressive stress state, while the hat-shaped specimen and SCS are in complicated stress dominated by shear. The temperature rise int the ASB of the cylindrical specimen is much lower than the austenite transformation temperature, while it is higher than the melting point of martensite in the hat-shaped specimen and SCS, leading to local melting and microstructural change.
- bearing steel /
- adiabatic shear band (ASB) /
- phase transformation /
- equiaxed grain

HTML全文

图 1 GCr15原材料微观组织

Figure 1. Microstructure of GCr15 base material

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 试样形状和尺寸（单位：mm）

Figure 2. Specimen shapes and dimensions (unit in mm)

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图 3 三种试样在准静态条件下的真实应力-应变曲线

Figure 3. Stress-strain curves fo three different samples under quasi static compression

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图 4 不同形状试样的应力-应变曲线

Figure 4. Stress-strain curves of specimens with different shapes

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图 5 断口韧窝的SEM形貌

Figure 5. SEM morphologies of fracture dimples

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图 6 各试样断口上的ASB形貌

Figure 6. ASB morphologies on fracture surfaces of different specimens

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图 7 各ASB的TEM形貌

Figure 7. TEM micrographs of ASBs

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图 8 ASB的温度分布

Figure 8. Distribution of the temperature near the shear band

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表 1 三种形状试样的罗德参数、应力三轴度和最大剪切应力

Table 1. Rhodes parameters, stress triaxiality and maximum shear stress of three shape specimens

试样类型 Lode参数应力三轴度最大剪切应力/MPa

圆柱 −1 −0.33 0.0015
帽型 0.47 −0.58 1897
SCS 0.58 −0.43 2625

下载: 导出CSV

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