高温高压下C3H8/C2H4在空气中的爆炸上限

陈昇; 宁也; 何萌; 祁畅; 王亚磊; 闫兴清; 喻健良

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2022-0475

高温高压下C₃H₈/C₂H₄在空气中的爆炸上限

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2022-0475

陈昇^1,,
宁也²,
何萌¹,
祁畅²,
王亚磊²,
闫兴清²,
喻健良^2, ,

1.
中国特种设备检测研究院国家市场监管技术创新中心（炼油化工装备风险防控），北京 100029
2.
大连理工大学化工学院，辽宁大连 116024

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划（2022YFC3004505）；国家自然科学基金（52174167）；中国特种设备检测研究院二级学科建设项目（2021XKTD004）

详细信息

作者简介:
陈　昇（1987－　），男，博士，高级工程师，chensheng_csei@163.com

通讯作者:
喻健良（1963－　），男，博士，教授，yujianliang@dlut.edu.cn

中图分类号: O389; X932
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-10-31
- 修回日期: 2023-03-16
- 网络出版日期: 2023-04-11
- 刊出日期: 2023-06-05

The upper explosion limit of C₃H₈/C₂H₄ mixtures in air at high temperatures and pressures

1.
Technology Innovation Center of Risk Prevention and Control of Refining and Chemical Equipment for State Market Regulation, China Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute, Beijing 100029, China
2.
School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China

摘要

摘要: 为了防控高温高压工艺流程中可燃混合气体潜在的爆炸风险，利用自行搭建的20 L球形爆炸特性实验装置，测试了初始温度20~200 ℃、初始压力0.1~1.5 MPa下C₃H₈/C₂H₄混合气体在空气中的爆炸上限，分析了温度、压力和C₂H₄体积分数对混合气体爆炸上限的影响。结果表明，随着温度和压力的升高，C₃H₈/C₂H₄混合气体爆炸上限升高。当初始压力高于0.3 MPa时，随着C₂H₄体积分数的增加，爆炸上限的上升速率明显降低。随着C₂H₄体积分数的增加，高温和高压下爆炸上限的提升幅度和速率比常温常压下更高。温度和压力的协同作用对爆炸上限的影响远大于二者单独作用的影响之和，即高温和高压协同作用下，C₃H₈/C₂H₄混合气体具有更高的爆炸风险，且随着C₂H₄体积分数的增加，爆炸风险会进一步提升。分别拟合得到了爆炸上限与温度参数、爆炸上限与压力参数以及爆炸上限与温度和压力双参数下的函数关系。
- 高温 /
- 高压 /
- 爆炸上限 /
- C₃H₈/C₂H₄混合气体
Abstract: It is necessary to understand the upper explosion limits of C₃H₈/C₂H₄ mixtures to prevent the potential explosive risks of flammable gas mixtures in the process of high temperatures and pressures. An experimental device of a 20 L spherical vessel with high pressure placed in a high-temperature oven was set up to test the upper explosion limits of C₃H₈/C₂H₄ mixtures at high pressure and temperature. The partial pressure method was used to prepare the mixtures of C₃H₈, C₂H₄, and air with a certain concentration. A pressure rise amplitude of 5% was adopted to judge whether the explosion occurred. The initial temperature ranged from 20 ℃ to 200 ℃, and the initial pressure ranged from 0.1 MPa to 1.5 MPa in the experiments. The effects of temperature, pressure, and volume fraction of C₂H₄ on the upper explosion limit of C₃H₈/C₂H₄ mixtures were analyzed. The results show that the upper explosion limit of C₃H₈/C₂H₄ mixtures increases with the rises of temperature and pressure, but the increase rate of the upper explosion limit decreases significantly with the increase of C₂H₄ concentration when the initial pressure is higher than 0.3 MPa. The amplitude increase and rate of the upper explosion limit with C₂H₄ at high temperatures and pressures are higher than those at normal conditions. The influences of temperature and pressure on the upper explosion limit are much greater than the sum of the two effects alone, indicating that the C₃H₈/C₂H₄mixtures have a higher explosion risk under the synergistic effect of high temperature and pressure, and it will be further enhanced with the increase of C₂H₄ concentration. The influence of the temperature, pressure, and their synergistic effects on the upper explosion limit of C₃H₈/C₂H₄ mixtures in different proportions are comprehensively analyzed, and the corresponding functional relations of the temperature-upper explosion limit, pressure-upper explosion limit, and temperature-pressure-upper explosion limit in different volume fractions of C₂H₄ are summarized by the non-linear regression of surface.
- high temperature /
- high pressure /
- upper explosion limit /
- C₃H₈/C₂H₄ mixture

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图 1 高温高压下20 L球形实验装置

Figure 1. 20 L spherical experimental device under high temperatures and pressures

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图 2 爆炸判定准则

Figure 2. Explosion determination method

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图 3 高温下不同比例C₃H₈/C₂H₄的爆炸上限

Figure 3. The upper explosion limits of C₃H₈/C₂H₄ mixtures at high temperatures with different proportions

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图 4 初始温度对火焰传播速度的影响^[24]

Figure 4. Effect of initial temperature on flame propagation velocity^[24]

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图 5 温度与3种气体火焰传播速度的关系^[24]

Figure 5. Relations between temperature and flame propagation velocity of three gases^[24]

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图 6 温度、C₂H₄体积分数对C₃H₈/C₂H₄爆炸上限的影响

Figure 6. Influence of temperature and volume fraction of C₂H₄ on the upper explosion limits of C₃H₈/C₂H₄mixtures

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图 7 高压下不同比例C₃H₈/C₂H₄的爆炸上限

Figure 7. The upper explosion limits of C₃H₈/C₂H₄ mixtures at high pressures with different proportions

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图 8 压力对火焰传播速度的影响

Figure 8. Effect of initial pressure on flame propagation velocity

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图 9 爆炸后生成的大量产物

Figure 9. A large number of products formed after explosion

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图 10 压力、C₂H₄体积分数对C₃H₈/C₂H₄爆炸上限的影响

Figure 10. Influence of pressure and volume fraction of C₂H₄ on the upper explosion limits of C₃H₈/C₂H₄mixtures

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图 11 高温高压下C₃H₈/C₂H₄爆炸上限提升幅度

Figure 11. Increase in the upper explosion limit of C₃H₈/C₂H₄ at high temperature and pressure

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图 12 温度、压力协同作用对不同比例C₃H₈/C₂H₄爆炸上限的影响

Figure 12. Influence of temperature and pressure on the upper explosion limits of C₃H₈/C₂H₄ mixtures with different proportions

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表 1 气体爆炸上限

Table 1. The upper explosion limits of gases

实验工况	C₃H₈体积分数/%		C₂H₄体积分数/%
实验工况	本实验	文献[4]	本实验	文献[4]
初始温度20 ℃，初始压力0.1 MPa	10.9	10.4	35.9	34.7
初始温度20 ℃，初始压力0.3 MPa	12.9	12.6	45.7	43.5
初始温度200 ℃，初始压力0.1 MPa	12.1	~12.9	44.1	~44.4

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表 2 式(1)中的拟合参数

Table 2. Dimensionless fitting coefficients of Eq. (1)

${ {U_{0}} }$	${A_{01}}$	${B_{01}}$	${B_{02}}$	${ {C_{1}} }$	${A_{1}}$	${A_{2}}$	${B_{1}}$	${B_{2}}$	${C_{2}}$	R²
17.137	20.458	11392.409	7390.431	31.393	1.922	−0.001	1300.26	−767.583	−1.097	0.99

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表 3 式(2)中的拟合参数

Table 3. Dimensionless fitting coefficients of Eq. (2)

${{U_{0}^\prime}} $	${A_{01}^\prime} $	${B_{01}^\prime} $	${B_{02}^\prime} $	${{C_{1}^\prime}} $	${{A_{1}^\prime}} $	${{A_{2}^\prime}} $	${{B_{1}^\prime}} $	${{B_{2}^\prime}} $	${{C_{2}^\prime}} $	R²
9.043	17.596	−5.211	−4.274	0.346	0.372	−0.054	−1.495	0.495	0.002	0.99

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表 4 式(3)~(4)中的拟合参数

Table 4. Dimensionless fitting coefficients of Eqs. (3)−(4)

$\varphi $/%	A	B	C	D	E	F	R²
0	16.49393	2.562 46×10⁻⁴	2.10108	2.53202	1.031 61×10⁻⁴	−	0.98
25	−23.80212	−0.01601	1.59727	39.67630	2.41452	0.01812	0.99
50	27.82329	0.00662	1.54223	7.82659	0.14891	0.00388	0.99
75	39.82627	0.00669	1.52933	8.21195	0.04068	0.00230	0.99
100	52.12125	0.03811	1.17643	5.65889	−0.04521	0.00729	0.99

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