鱼雷垂直入水瞬间结构响应的数值模拟

贺征; 高紫晴; 顾璇; 高子舒

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2022-0506

鱼雷垂直入水瞬间结构响应的数值模拟

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2022-0506

哈尔滨工程大学航天与建筑工程学院，黑龙江哈尔滨 150001

详细信息

作者简介:
贺　征（1978－　），男，博士，教授，hezheng@hrbeu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
高紫晴（1998－　），女，硕士研究生，gaoziqing1998@163.com

中图分类号: O344.3
计量
- 文章访问数: 287
- HTML全文浏览量: 79
- PDF下载量: 123
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-11-12
- 修回日期: 2023-04-08
- 网络出版日期: 2023-04-11
- 刊出日期: 2023-07-05

Numerical simulation on the structural response of a torpedo at the moment of vertical water entry

College of Aerospace and Civil Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China

摘要

摘要: 垂直入水的鱼雷在短时间内弹道稳定，基于此，针对跨介质鱼雷撞水冲击造成的结构问题展开研究，探究了各舱段壳体和连接部位的轴向运动规律及受力特性，利用任意拉格朗日-欧拉算法及罚函数法建立了流固耦合数值模型，并对其合理性和网格无关性进行了验证。对采用不同连接方式的4种头型鱼雷分别模拟，并与整体式鱼雷进行了对比。结果表明：鱼雷撞水后加速度瞬间升高，头型越尖，所受的冲击越小；由于应力以波的形式向后传递，因此各舱段会依照距离头部的远近依次响应，且强度逐渐减弱；相邻壳体的相对静止状态被打破，运动过程中会不断拉压连接件，使之形状和位置都发生较大变化；壳体相互远离时，雷体外缘产生缝隙，此时连接件应力也达到最大，对连接的稳固性不利。因此，建议工程中增加密封圈或其他固定装置等，以加强对连接部位的保护。
- 跨介质鱼雷 /
- 垂直入水 /
- 任意拉格朗日-欧拉算法 /
- 连接结构
Abstract: The torpedo may be damaged by impact while entering the water. Due to changes in shape, the place where cabins are connected is more stressed and is usually more dangerous. The trajectory of a torpedo is stable when it enters the water vertically for a short time. Based on this, the axial motion and mechanical characteristics of the torpedo’s cabins and connecting parts were studied. Firstly, the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) algorithm and penalty function method were used to establish the numerical model of fluid-structure coupling calculation, and its effectiveness was then verified by comparing it with the existing experiment. Next, four sets of solid grids and five sets of fluid grids were established, and the changes of the maximum acceleration and the maximum pressure were analyzed. The independence of the grid was verified through comparison. The vertical water-entry processes of the torpedoes with different head shapes and connection forms were simulated and compared with those of integral torpedoes. The results show that the acceleration increases instantaneously after the torpedo hits the water, then fluctuates in the positive and negative directions around zero and becomes smaller and smaller. The sharper the head, the weaker the impact. The response characteristics of each cabin are different. Since the stress is transmitted backward in the form of waves, the response order of each cabin depends on the distance from the head, and the strength will gradually decrease. The adjacent shells are no longer relatively stationary, and the connector between them will be continuously pulled and pressed, leading to significant changes in their appearances and positions. When the adjacent shells tend to move away from each other, there will be gaps, and the stress of the connectors will also reach the maximum, which is dangerous to the torpedo. It is recommended to add sealing rings or other fixed devices in the project to strengthen the protection of connection parts.
- trans-media torpedo /
- vertical water entry /
- arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian algorithm /
- connection structure

HTML全文

图 1 连接件结构

Figure 1. Geometries of the connectors

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图 2 弧形头结构尺寸

Figure 2. Dimensions of the head shape

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图 3 鱼雷结构

Figure 3. Geometry models of torpedoes

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图 4 弹体装配情况

Figure 4. Structural assembly of a torpedo

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图 5 计算边界条件

Figure 5. Computational domain and boundary conditions

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图 6 实验装置示意图

Figure 6. Schematic diagram of the experimental configuration

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图 7 入水过程空泡形态

Figure 7. Cavity shapes during water entry

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图 8 鱼雷入水过程

Figure 8. Water-entry processes of the torpedoes

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图 9 鱼雷4壳体沿x方向的加速度

Figure 9. Shell acceleration in the x direction of torpedo 4

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图 10 壳体x方向加速度随时间的变化

Figure 10. Time evolution of acceleration in the x direction for shells

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图 11 鱼雷4不同时刻的应力云图

Figure 11. Time evolution of stress contour for torpedo 4

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图 12 鱼雷4最大应力随时间的变化曲线

Figure 12. Time evolution of maximum effective stress for torpedo 4

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图 13 在最大应力时连接件的变形情况

Figure 13. Deformation of the connectors at the maximum stress

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图 14 接触面受力关系

Figure 14. Forces on contact surfaces

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图 15 鱼雷4连接接触面上的力随时间的变化

Figure 15. Time evolution of contact surface forces of torpedo 4

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表 1 铝合金材料参数

Table 1. Material parameters of aluminum alloy

材料	密度/（kg·m⁻³）	弹性模量/GPa	泊松比	屈服极限/MPa
7075铝合金	2 810	71	0.33	455
LC4铝合金	2 820	72	0.30	420

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表 2 网格无关性验证结果

Table 2. Results of mesh independence verification

网格	尺寸/mm	网格数	a_max/(m·s⁻²)	p_max/MPa	p_max的相对误差/%
固体网格	6	504 201	71 108	62.58	29.5
	4	787 650	72 214	62.72	29.3
	2	1 433 000	73 231	62.99	29.1
	1	4 301 461	72 820	62.57	29.5
流体网格	12	23 800	84 124	57.88	31.1
	10	450 000	73 231	62.99	29.1
	8	750 000	73 918	75.09	15.4
	6	1 632 000	73 128	86.03	3.1
	5	2 660 000	72 665	86.04	3.1

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