撞击姿态对构型弹体非正侵彻多层间隔钢靶弹道特性的影响规律

杨璞; 李继承; 陈建良; 张斌; 何丽灵; 陈刚

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2022-0571

撞击姿态对构型弹体非正侵彻多层间隔钢靶弹道特性的影响规律

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2022-0571

杨璞^{1, 2,},
李继承^{1, 2, ,},
陈建良^{1, 2},
张斌^{1, 2},
何丽灵^{1, 2},
陈刚^{1, 2}

1.
中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所，四川绵阳 621999
2.
工程材料与结构冲击振动四川省重点实验室，四川绵阳 621999

基金项目: 四川省自然科学基金杰出青年基金（2023NSFSC1913）；中国工程物理研究院创新与发展基金（CX20210031）

详细信息

作者简介:
杨　璞（1989－　），女，硕士，助理研究员，yangp_caep@sina.com

通讯作者:
李继承（1984－　），男，博士，副研究员，lijc401@caep.cn

中图分类号: O385
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- 文章访问数: 167
- HTML全文浏览量: 78
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-12-29
- 录用日期: 2023-07-10
- 修回日期: 2023-05-30
- 网络出版日期: 2023-07-19
- 刊出日期: 2023-09-11

Influence rule of impact attitude on trajectory characteristics of warhead’s non-normally penetration into multi-layer spaced steel target

YANG Pu^{1, 2
,},
LI Jicheng^{1, 2
, ,},
CHEN Jianliang^{1, 2},
ZHANG Bin^{1, 2},
HE Liling^{1, 2},
CHEN Gang^{1, 2}

1.
Institute of Systems Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, Sichuan, China
2.
Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621999, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 为深入认识构型弹体非正侵彻多层间隔靶板的弹道偏转规律，结合数值模拟和理论分析，研究了构型弹体在不同撞击姿态下侵彻多层间隔钢靶的弹道特性，其中引入弹体侧向接触力和侧向偏转力矩等参量，着重分析撞击着角和攻角对弹道特性的影响规律。结果表明：构型弹体非正侵彻过程中，在纵向发生阶梯式速度衰减，但变化较小；同时，由于穿靶过程中受到侧向接触力及其偏转力矩的作用，在侧向产生显著弹道偏转。撞击着角决定弹体所受外载荷的非对称程度，着角越大，弹体偏转越严重；撞击攻角则主要影响弹肩穿靶时的径向速度和弹尾穿靶时的触靶位置，二者共同影响弹道轨迹，因而存在使弹体偏转程度发生转折的临界攻角。相比于侵彻单层靶，构型弹体非正侵彻多层间隔靶板的显著特点为弹道偏转存在累积效应，且侵彻前一靶板的弹道偏转情况显著影响到侵彻后一靶板时的弹靶作用特征，进而导致弹道偏转与弹靶接触力互相耦合。相关研究对预测构型弹体侵彻多层间隔靶板性能、优化弹体构型和撞击姿态等具有较好的指导价值。
- 构型弹体 /
- 多层间隔钢靶 /
- 非正侵彻 /
- 弹道偏转 /
- 撞击姿态
Abstract: In order to deeply investigate the trajectory deflection characteristics of a warhead during the non-normal penetration into the multi-layer spaced target, the trajectories under different impact attitudes are analyzed with combined numerical simulation and theoretical analysis, in which finite element method (FEM) simulations on the penetration process under various impact conditions are conducted systemically, and the deformation and failure morphologies of warhead and target as well as the interaction characteristics between them are discussed in detail. Besides some feature parameters, lateral contact force and angular moment, are introduced in the theoretical analysis. Furthermore, the influence rules of oblique angle and attacking angle on the trajectory deflection characteristics are investigated in detail. Related results indicate that during the non-normal penetration into multi-layer spaced target, the warhead behaves as small staged axial velocity decay combined with obvious lateral trajectory deflection, and the trajectory deflection is mainly derived from the lateral contact force as well as the corresponding angular moment, and the lateral contact force mainly makes its effect during three periods, i.e., when the nose, shoulder and tail of warhead pass through the target, respectively. The oblique angle mainly affects the degree of external load asymmetry exerting on the warhead with increase of the oblique angle, the downward lateral contact force as well as the corresponding angular moment exerting on the warhead all increase, thus the trajectory deflection becomes more severe. Comparatively, the attacking angle determines two factors, one is the radial velocity of warhead at the time when its nose passes through the target, and another is the contact position between the warhead and target when the warhead tail passes through the target. These two factors determine the trajectory simultaneously, so different attacking angles make the lateral contact force and the corresponding angular moment differing from each other during the process of the warhead tail passing through the first target, leading to a critical attacking angle at which the evolution trend of trajectory deflection would turn the other way round. Compared to the penetration into a single layer target, a remarkable feature in the penetration of a warhead into the multi-layer spaced target is that the trajectory deflection shows a cumulative effect, and the situation in the penetration into the former target plate significantly affects the interaction condition between the warhead and the latter target plates, and this further results in a coupling effect between the trajectory deflection and the contact force. The present investigation is of good significance in the practical engineering application, e.g., predicting the penetrating ability of a warhead into the multi-layer spaced target, and optimizing the warhead structure and its impact attitude, etc.
- warhead /
- multi-layer spaced steel target /
- non-normal penetration /
- trajectory deflection /
- impact attitude

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图 1 构型弹非正侵彻4层间隔钢靶有限元几何模型

Figure 1. Finite element model of warhead non-normal penetration into four layers spaced steel targets

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图 2 构型弹体非正侵彻着角和攻角的定义

Figure 2. Definition of oblique angle and attacking angle in the non-normal penetration

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图 3 弹体非正侵彻多层间隔钢靶的弹道偏转过程

Figure 3. Trajectory deflection process during the non-normal penetration into multi-layer spaced steel target

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图 4 构型弹体运动和载荷参量的变化历程

Figure 4. Variation of motion and load parameters of the warhead during penetration

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图 5 构型弹体偏转角度的变化历程

Figure 5. Variation of attitude angle of warhead during the penetration

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图 6 构型弹体偏转角速度的变化历程

Figure 6. Variation of angular velocity of warhead during the penetration

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图 7 构型弹体壳体侧向接触力的变化历程

Figure 7. Variation of lateral contact force on the warhead shell during penetration

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图 8 构型弹体侵彻靶1过程中不同时刻的弹靶作用状态

Figure 8. Interaction condition between warhead and target at different moments during the penetration process into the first target plate

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图 9 弹体侧向接触力作用点与弹体质心之间的位移示意图

Figure 9. Schematic diagram of displacement between the load position of lateral contact force and the warhead centroid

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图 10 构型弹体壳体侧向偏转力矩的变化历程

Figure 10. Variation of angular moment on the warhead shell during penetration

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图 11 不同撞击着角条件下构型弹体偏转角度的变化历程

Figure 11. Variation of attitude angle of warhead during penetration under different oblique angles

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图 12 不同撞击着角条件下构型弹体侧向接触力和侧向偏转力矩变化历程

Figure 12. Variations of lateral contact force and the corresponding angular moment on the warhead during the penetration under different oblique angles

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图 13 斜侵彻靶板时的弹体速度分解示意图

Figure 13. Schematic diagram of warhead velocity decomposition during the penetration process

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图 14 不同撞击攻角条件下构型弹体最终偏转角度

Figure 14. Final attitude angle values of the warhead under different oblique angles

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图 15 不同撞击攻角条件下构型弹体偏转角的变化历程

Figure 15. Variation of attitude angle of warhead during the penetration under different attacking angles

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图 16 不同撞击攻角条件下构型弹体所受侧向接触力及其偏转力矩的变化历程

Figure 16. Variations of lateral contact force and the corresponding angular moment on the warhead during the penetration under different attacking angles

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图 17 不同撞击攻角条件下构型弹体侵彻靶1时弹尾与靶板相互作用状态的对比

Figure 17. Comparison of the interaction condition between warhead tail and target during penetration process into the first target plate under different attacking angles

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图 18 不同撞击攻角条件下构型弹体侵彻靶2时弹尾与靶板相互作用状态的对比

Figure 18. Comparison of the interaction condition between warhead tail and target during penetration process into the second target plate under different attacking angles

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图 19 正攻角条件下构型弹体偏转角的变化历程

Figure 19. Variation of attitude angle of warhead during the penetration under positive attacking angles

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图 20 正攻角条件下构型弹体所受侧向接触力及其偏转力矩的变化历程

Figure 20. Variations of lateral contact force and the corresponding angular moment on the warhead during the penetration under positive attacking angles

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图 21 正攻角条件下弹肩穿靶阶段速度分解示意图

Figure 21. Schematic diagram of warhead velocity decomposition during penetration process of warhead nose under a positive attacking angle

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图 22 负攻角和零攻角条件下构型弹体偏转角的变化历程

Figure 22. Variation of attitude angle of warhead during penetration under negative attacking angles and with no attacking angle

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图 23 负攻角和零攻角条件下构型弹体所受侧向接触力及其偏转力矩的变化历程

Figure 23. Variations of lateral contact force and the corresponding angular moment on the warhead during the penetration under negative attacking angles and with no attacking angle

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图 24 负攻角条件下弹肩穿靶阶段速度分解示意图

Figure 24. Schematic diagram of warhead velocity decomposition during penetration process of warhead nose under a negative attacking angle

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表 1 材料Johnson-Cook模型参数

Table 1. Johnson-Cook model parameters of materials

材料	ρ/(kg·m⁻³)	E/GPa	µ	c_V/(J·kg⁻¹·K⁻¹)	T_r/K	T_m/K	$\dot \varepsilon $/s⁻¹	A/MPa	B/MPa	n	C
G50钢	7 620	205	0.28	469.0	300	1 765	1	1 445	1 326	0.356	0.005
TC4钛	4 428	110	0.31	560.0	300	1 878	1	1 098	1 092	0.930	0.014
921A钢	7 850	205	0.28	400.9	300	1 765	1	760	500	0.530	0.014
PBX	1 900	12	0.30	1 559.0	300	540	1	15	10	1.000	0.200

材料	m	S₁	a	c₀/(m·s⁻¹)	γ₀	D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅
G50钢	1.12	1.990	0.46	4 280	2.00	0.10	0.76	1.57	0	0
TC4钛	1.10	1.028	0.90	5 130	1.23	–0.09	0.76	0.48	0.014	3.87
921A钢	1.13	1.990	0.46	4 280	2.00	1.20	0.27	0	0	0
PBX	0.60	2.380	0	2 565	1.10	0	0	0	0	0

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表 2 构型弹体撞击工况

Table 2. Warhead impact cases

工况	分析要素	着角/(°)	攻角/(°)	撞击速度/(m·s⁻¹)
1	着角	10	0	800
2	着角	20	0	800
3	着角	30	0	800
4	攻角	20	–4	800
5	攻角	20	–3	800
6	攻角	20	–2	800
7	攻角	20	–1	800
8	攻角	20	1	800
9	攻角	20	2	800
10	攻角	20	3	800
11	攻角	20	4	800

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表 3 不同撞击着角条件下弹肩即将穿过靶1时刻弹体的速度分量大小

Table 3. Velocity component values at the moment when the warhead nose passes through the first target plate under different oblique angles

着角/(°)	$v_\perp $/(m·s⁻¹)	v_///(m·s⁻¹)
10	771.1	136.0
20	735.8	267.8
30	678.1	391.5

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表 4 正攻角条件下弹肩穿靶阶段弹体的速度分量

Table 4. Velocity component values at the moment when the warhead nose passes through the target plateunder positive attacking angles

攻角/( °)	v_x/(m·s⁻¹)	v_r/(m·s⁻¹)
2	782.5	27.3
3	781.9	41.0
4	781.1	54.6

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表 5 负攻角和零攻角条件下弹肩穿靶阶段弹体速度分量

Table 5. Velocity component values at the moment when the warhead nose passes through the target plate under negative attacking angles and with no attacking angle

攻角/(°)	v_x/(m·s⁻¹)	v_r/(m·s⁻¹)
–4	781.1	54.6
–3	781.9	41.0
–2	782.5	27.3
–1	782.9	13.7
0	783.0	0

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