高速雨滴冲击下飞行器蒙皮涂层损伤行为动态实验研究

沙明工; 孙莹; 李雨桐; 刘一鸣; 李玉龙

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2023-0005

高速雨滴冲击下飞行器蒙皮涂层损伤行为动态实验研究

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2023-0005

沙明工^{1, 2,},
孙莹³,
李雨桐^{1, 2},
刘一鸣^{1, 2},
李玉龙^{1, 2, ,}

1.
西北工业大学民航学院，陕西西安 710072
2.
陕西省冲击动力学及工程应用重点实验室，陕西西安 710072
3.
莫斯科航空学院（国立研究大学），俄罗斯莫斯科 125993

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（11832015，12261131505）；陕西省自然科学基础研究计划（2021JQ-081）；太仓市基础研究计划（TC2020JC30）

详细信息

作者简介:
沙明工（1987－　），男，博士，讲师，shamg2020@nwpu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
李玉龙（1961－　），男，博士，教授，liyulong@nwpu.edu.cn

中图分类号: O347.4
计量
- 文章访问数: 367
- HTML全文浏览量: 105
- PDF下载量: 79
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-01-05
- 修回日期: 2023-04-07
- 网络出版日期: 2023-05-16
- 刊出日期: 2023-08-31

Dynamic experimental study on damage behaviors of aircraft envelope coating under the impact of high-speed raindrops

SHA Minggong^{1, 2
,},
SUN Ying³,
LI Yutong^{1, 2},
LIU Yiming^{1, 2},
LI Yulong^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
School of Civil Aviation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, Shaanxi, China
2.
Shaanxi Impact Dynamics and Engineering Application Laboratory, Xi’an 710072, Shaanxi, China
3.
Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Moscow 125993, Russia

摘要

摘要: 为了进一步研究飞行器蒙皮涂层的雨蚀损伤行为、探索其损伤机理、建立涂层雨蚀损伤判据，基于一级轻气炮搭建的单射流冲击实验平台，针对以碳纤维T300编织材料为基体、表面涂有同等厚度的3种涂层试样，在不同冲击速度（360、430、490、555、617 m/s）和冲击角度（0°、15°、30°）下进行了材料雨蚀实验。结果表明，随着雨滴冲击速度的不断升高，试样遭受到的冲击力逐渐提高，导致其损伤面积和体积均呈增大趋势；试样典型损伤形貌均为由损伤区域包围中央未损伤区域的环状损伤组成，且随着损伤加剧形成圆形剥离损伤。单射流冲击涂层出现侵蚀损伤的阈值速度约为360 m/s；而随着冲击角度的逐渐增大，试样的损伤面积和体积均逐渐减小；与硬度、模量等力学参数相比，表面粗糙度对于涂层雨蚀损伤的影响更显著。
- 雨蚀损伤 /
- 涂层 /
- 单射流 /
- 复合材料 /
- 冲击动力学
Abstract: A single waterjet impact test platform was established based on the first-stage light gas gun in order to study the rain erosion damage behavior, to explore the damage mechanism, and to establish the rain erosion damage criterion of the aircraft skin coating. The gas gun launched a lead bullet to impact the nozzle and squeeze the water in the sealing chamber to produce a high-speed jet. Different impact speeds and angles were achieved by adjusting the air pressure and clamp angle. The samples were composed of carbon fiber T300 woven substrate with three types of coatings of the same thickness, and their mechanical properties were measured using the nano-indentation instrument. The test results show that the impact force on the sample increases with the continuous growth of the impact speed of raindrops, resulting in the extension of the damage area and volume loss of the sample. The typical morphology of all the three coating samples is a circular damaged region surrounding the central undamaged area, and presents a circular peeling with the damage increasing. The damage threshold velocity is 360 m/s. With the impact angle increasing , the normal velocity component gradually decreases, and the damage area and volume of the specimen decrease gradually due to the decrease of the instantaneous impact force on the surface of a liquid droplet. Besides, the coating with superior mechanical properties is more prone to damage than the other two coatings due to its rougher surface, the result proves that surface roughness has more significant influence on rain erosion damage of coatings compared to hardness and modulus.
- rain erosion damage /
- coating /
- single jet /
- composite material /
- impact dynamics

HTML全文

图 1 液固表面冲击过程示意图^[21]

Figure 1. Diagram of liquid-solid impact^[21]

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图 2 应力波在涂层中传播过程示意图

Figure 2. Schematic diagrams of stress wave propagation process in coating

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图 3 单射流冲击试验装置

Figure 3. Single waterjet impact apparatus

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图 4 射流形态及速度随位移的变化

Figure 4. Form and velocity of waterjet varied with stand-off distance

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图 5 三种涂层试样表面及横截面

Figure 5. Surfaces and cross-sections of three kinds of coating samples

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图 6 三种涂层纳米压痕显微图像

Figure 6. Nano-indenter micrographs of three kinds of coating samples

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图 7 三种涂层在光学显微图像

Figure 7. Optical microscope micrographs of three kinds of coating samples

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图 8 3种损伤试样的SEM扫描电子显微图像

Figure 8. SEM micrographs of three kinds of damaged samples

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图 9 在15°冲击角时，以430，490，555和617 m/s的射流速度冲击涂层材料3后得到的电子显微镜微观形貌

Figure 9. Electron microscope micrographs after impacting the coating material 3 at the jet velocities of 360, 430, 490, 555 and 617 m/s with an impact angle of 0°

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图 10 损伤体积随冲击速度的变化

Figure 10. Relation between damaged volume and impact velocity

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图 11 在冲击角度为15°时不同冲击速度下材料1涂层的损伤SEM显微图像

Figure 11. SEM micrographs of the damaged coating of material 1 under the impact of different velocities at an impact angle of 15°

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图 12 在冲击角度为15°时不同冲击速度下材料2涂层的损伤SEM显微图像

Figure 12. SEM micrographs of the damaged coating of material 2 under the impact of different velocities at an impact angle of 15°

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图 13 在冲击角度为15°时不同冲击速度下材料3涂层的损伤SEM显微图像

Figure 13. SEM micrographs of the damaged coating of material 3 under the impact of different velocities at an impact angle of 15°

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图 14 涂层材料1在不同冲击角度下的损伤形貌

Figure 14. Damage morphologies of coating material 1 at various impact angles

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图 15 试样损伤体积随冲击角度变化规律

Figure 15. The relation between the damaged volume and impact angle

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图 16 冲击速度为617 m/s时不同冲击角度下材料1涂层的损伤SEM显微图像

Figure 16. SEM micrographs of the damaged coating of material 1 under the impact of different angles at an impact velocity of 617 m/s

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图 17 冲击速度为617 m/s时不同冲击角度下三种材料2涂层的损伤SEM显微图像

Figure 17. SEM micrographs of the damaged coating of material 2 under the impact of different angles at an impact velocity of 617 m/s

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图 18 冲击速度为617 m/s时不同冲击角度下材料3涂层的损伤SEM显微图像

Figure 18. SEM micrographs of the damaged coating of material 3 under the impact of different angles at an impact velocity of 617 m/s

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表 1 实验相关参数

Table 1. Experimental parameters

试样材料冲击速度/(m·s⁻¹) 喷嘴直径/mm 射流平均直径/mm

聚氨酯 360 0.8 4.5
430
490
555
617

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表 2 三种涂层的模量与硬度对比表

Table 2. Indentation modulus and hardness of three kinds of coating samples

材料压痕模量/GPa 硬度/GPa

1 5.8056022 0.2402346
2 3.8506520 0.1614986
3 2.4143382 0.1109778

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