Kevlar29纱线动态拉伸力学性能与本构方程

周玄; 徐立志; 任文科; 高光发

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2023-0119

Kevlar29纱线动态拉伸力学性能与本构方程

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2023-0119

周玄^1,,
徐立志^{1, 2, 3},
任文科¹,
高光发^1, ,

1.
南京理工大学机械工程学院，江苏南京 210094
2.
宁波大学冲击与安全工程教育部重点实验室，浙江宁波 315211
3.
西南科技大学工程材料与结构冲击振动四川省重点实验室，四川绵阳 621010

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（12172179，11772160，11472008，12202207）；国防科技创新特区项目；中国博士后科学基金（2022M711623）；江苏省自然科学基金青年基金（BK20220968）；冲击与安全工程教育部重点实验室（宁波大学）开放基金（CJ202201）；工程材料与结构冲击振动四川省重点实验室开放基金（22kfgk03）；江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目（KYCX22_0475）

详细信息

作者简介:
周　玄（1999－　），男，博士研究生，zhoux@njust.edu.cn

通讯作者:
高光发（1980－　），男，博士，教授，博士生导师，gfgao@ustc.edu.cn

中图分类号: O341
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-04-04
- 修回日期: 2023-09-26
- 网络出版日期: 2023-10-08
- 刊出日期: 2024-01-11

Dynamic tensile mechanical properties and constitutive equation of Kevlar29 yarn

ZHOU Xuan^1
,,
XU Lizhi^{1, 2, 3},
REN Wenke¹,
GAO Guangfa^{1
, ,}

1.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Impact and Safety Engineering, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
3.
Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 为了能够清晰地表征芳纶纱线在不同应变率下的力学行为，进行了Kevlar29纱线的准静态和动态拉伸试验，结合分离式霍普金森拉杆理论和运动目标追踪法，获得了Kevlar29纱线在不同应变率下的应力-应变曲线，分析了纱线动态拉伸的变形与断裂过程，揭示了Kevlar29纱线力学性能的应变率效应；通过最小二乘法拟合得到了基于纱线应变率效应的黏弹性本构方程，分析了三元件和五元件本构模型的差异及适用性。结果表明：随着应变率升高，Kevlar29纱线的断裂应变减小，拉伸强度和韧性先增大后减小，拉伸模量先增大后趋于稳定；五元件黏弹性本构模型能够较好地表征纱线力学性能的应变率效应。
- Kevlar纤维 /
- 拉伸力学性能 /
- 黏弹性本构模型 /
- 应变率效应
Abstract: In order to clearly characterize the mechanical behavior of Kevlar29 yarn at different strain rates, this paper reports quasi-static and dynamic tensile tests on Kevlar29 yarn. Combined with the split Hopkinson tensile bar (SHTB) theory and motion target tracking method, the stress-strain curves of Kevlar29 yarn at different strain rates are accurately obtained, and then the deformation and fracture process of yarn dynamic tension are analyzed, revealing the strain rate effect of Kevlar29 yarn mechanical properties. Based on the strain rate effect of yarn, a viscoelastic constitutive equation is obtained through the least squares fitting method, and the differences and applicability between the three-element and five-element constitutive models are analyzed. The results show that when the strain is calculated by identifying the coordinates of the marker points on the yarn by the motion target tracking method, it is more accurate than the strain calculated directly from the waveform measured by SHTB. The quasi-static mechanical properties and dynamic mechanical properties of Kevlar29 yarn differ significantly, e.g., the dynamic tensile modulus and tensile strength are higher than those of quasi-static, and the dynamic fracture strain is smaller than that of quasi-static. In the strain rate range of 0.001–700 s⁻¹, with the increase of strain rate, the breaking strain of Kevlar29 yarn decreases, and the tensile strength, tensile modulus and toughness all increase first, but at higher strain rates, the tensile strength (higher than 497.5 s⁻¹) and toughness (higher than 330.7 s⁻¹) decrease, while the tensile modulus (higher than 330.7 s⁻¹) tends to be stable. The viscoelastic constitutive equation can better characterize the strain rate effect of the mechanical properties of Kevlar29 yarn, but the viscoelastic constitutive model cannot reflect the nonlinear stress-strain relationship of the yarn before fracture. Relatively speaking, the fitting effect of the five-element viscoelastic model is better than that of the three-element viscoelastic model.
- Kevlar fiber /
- tensile mechanical properties /
- viscoelastic constitutive model /
- strain rate effect

HTML全文

图 1 Kevlar29纱线的多级结构

Figure 1. Multi-level structure of Kevlar29 yarn

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图 2 纱线夹持装置

Figure 2. Yarn gripping device

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图 3 纱线拉伸过程中夹持部位标记点观测

Figure 3. Observation of marked points at the clamping location during yarn stretching process

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图 4 准静态拉伸试验

Figure 4. Quasi-static tensile test

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图 5 SHTB装置示意图

Figure 5. Schematic diagram of SHTB apparatus

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图 6 SHTB的典型波形

Figure 6. Typical waveforms of SHTB

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图 7 杆端应变信号

Figure 7. Strain signals at the bar ends

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图 8 纱线的准静态应力-应变曲线

Figure 8. Quasi-static stress-strain curves of yarn

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图 9 应变-时间散点图

Figure 9. Strain-time scatter plot

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图 10 应变-时间曲线

Figure 10. Strain-time curves

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图 11 不同应变率下的应力-应变曲线

Figure 11. Stress-strain curves at different strain rates

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图 12 去除初始非线性段的应力-应变曲线

Figure 12. Stress-strain curves after removing initial nonlinear section

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图 13 两种方法的计算结果对比

Figure 13. Comparison of results obtained by two methods

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图 14 应变率为279 s⁻¹时纱线的拉伸过程

Figure 14. Stretching process of the yarn when the strain rate is 279 s⁻¹

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图 15 应变率为279 s⁻¹时纱线的应力-应变曲线

Figure 15. Stress-strain curve of the yarn when the strain rate is 279 s⁻¹

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图 16 纱线在不同应变率下的拉伸强度

Figure 16. Tensile strengths of yarn under different strain rates

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图 17 纱线在不同应变率下的断裂应变

Figure 17. Failure strains of yarn under different strain rates

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图 18 纱线在不同应变率下的拉伸模量

Figure 18. Tensile modules of yarn under different strain rates

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图 19 纱线在不同应变率下的韧性

Figure 19. Toughnesses of yarn under different strain rates

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图 20 黏弹性本构模型

Figure 20. viscoelastic constitutive model

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图 21 黏弹性本构模型的理论值与试验值对比

Figure 21. Comparison between the theoretical values of viscoelastic constitutive models and experimental results

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图 22 三元件模型与五元件模型对比

Figure 22. Comparison between three-element model and five-element model

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表 1 三元件黏弹性本构模型参数

Table 1. Parameters for the three-element viscoelastic model

E₁/GPa E₂/GPa η₂/（MPa·s）

82.5 54.7 2.218

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表 2 五元件黏弹性本构模型参数

Table 2. Parameters for the five-element viscoelastic model

E₁/GPa E₂/GPa E₃/GPa η₂/（MPa·s） η₃/（MPa·s） C₁

82.5 43.7 42.3 1.326 0.989 1416

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