带刚性防波板罐体内液体晃动的响应分析

平凯; 王琼瑶; 祁文超; 陈馨儿

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2023-0250

带刚性防波板罐体内液体晃动的响应分析

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2023-0250

五邑大学智能制造学部, 广东江门 529020

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（51905384）；广东省自然科学基金（2024A1515010431）

详细信息

作者简介:
平凯（1997－），男，硕士研究生，pingkai_luck@163.com

通讯作者:
王琼瑶（1987－），男，博士，副教授，hellowqy@163.com

中图分类号: O359.1
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- 文章访问数: 284
- HTML全文浏览量: 70
- PDF下载量: 79
- 被引次数: 10
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-07-15
- 修回日期: 2023-12-13
- 网络出版日期: 2024-01-05
- 刊出日期: 2024-06-18

Response analysis of liquid sloshing in a tank with rigid baffles

Faculty of Intelligent Manufacturing, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, Guangdong, China

摘要

摘要: 部分充液罐体内的液体在外部激励的作用下容易出现晃动现象，由液体晃动产生的附加力和力矩会对载液罐车产生不利影响。为了避免液罐车制动时其罐内液体产生较大幅度的晃动，提出了几种类型的防波板，并研究了防波板及其几何参数对液罐车内液体晃动的影响。首先，建立了基于有限体积法的液体晃动的数值模型。其次，对液体晃动现象进行了一系列的实验，通过将实验获得的液面波形与同等条件下数值模拟获得的结果进行对比，验证数值模型的有效性。最后，将验证后的数值模型用于分析防波板的几何参数对液体晃动响应的影响。研究结果表明，开孔防波板不仅可以有效降低罐内晃动响应参数的峰值，还可以明显缩短罐内晃动液体达到稳定的时间；防波板的开孔位置和孔的数量在车辆制动过程中对罐体内液体晃动引起的纵向力的峰值影响差别不大，但是对液体晃动引起的俯仰力矩的峰值的影响比较明显；晃动响应参数峰值的下降率会随着充液高度的增加呈先下降后上升的趋势，液体晃动引起的俯仰力矩的峰值取得最大值时，防波板对罐体内的液体晃动的抑制效果最差。
- 液体晃动 /
- 液罐车 /
- 防波板 /
- 纵向力 /
- 俯仰力矩
Abstract: The liquid in partially filled tanks is prone to slosh under external excitation, and the additional forces and moments generated by liquid sloshing can have adverse effects on tank trucks. In order to avoid significant sloshing of the liquid in the tank when the tank truck brakes, several types of baffles were proposed, and the influence of baffles and their geometric parameters on the liquid sloshing inside the tank truck was studied. Firstly, a numerical model of liquid sloshing based on the finite volume method was established. Secondly, a series of liquid sloshing experiments were conducted. The effectiveness of the numerical model was verified by comparing the free surface waveforms obtained from the experiments at different times with those obtained from numerical simulations under the same conditions. Finally, the validated numerical model was used to analyze the influence of the geometric parameters of the baffle on the liquid sloshing response parameters under different liquid-filling conditions. The research results indicate that the perforated baffle can not only effectively suppress the peak of the sloshing response parameters in the tank but also significantly shorten the time for liquid sloshing to reach stability. The position and number of baffle orifices have little effect on the peak longitudinal force caused by liquid sloshing during vehicle braking, while the peak pitch moment is more significantly affected by the geometric parameters of the baffle. By studying liquid sloshing in the tank at different filling heights, it is found that the decrease rate of the peak value of the sloshing response parameter will first decrease and then increase with the increase of the filling height. When the peak value of pitch moment reaches its maximum value, the baffle has the worst suppression effect on liquid sloshing in a partially filled tank.
- liquid sloshing /
- tank truck /
- baffle /
- longitudinal force /
- pitch moment

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图 1 力、力矩以及质心的计算

Figure 1. Calculation of force, moment, and center of mass

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图 2 数值模型建立流程

Figure 2. Flow chart for establishing numerical model

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图 3 固有频率验证

Figure 3. Natural frequency verification

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图 4 实验结果与仿真结果的对比

Figure 4. Comparison between experimental and simulation results

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图 5 实验装置

Figure 5. Experimental setup

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图 6 加速度变化的时间历程

Figure 6. Time history of acceleration

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图 7 数值模拟（左）和实验（右）得到的自由液面图像（液高7 $\mathrm{c}\mathrm{m}$ ）

Figure 7. Numerical simulation (left) and experimental (right) free surface images (liquid height 7 $\mathrm{c}\mathrm{m}$ )

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图 8 罐体模型纵向截面

Figure 8. Longitudinal section of the tank model

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图 9 防波板的开孔位置和开孔数量

Figure 9. Position and number of holes on the baffle

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图 10 圆滑过渡的斜坡阶跃加速度激励

Figure 10. Rounded ramp-step acceleration excitation

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图 11 网格尺寸的无关性验证

Figure 11. Time history of longitudinal force variation under different mesh sizes

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图 12 时间步长的无关性检验

Figure 12. Time history of longitudinal force variation under different time steps

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图 13 晃动响应参数峰值

Figure 13. Peak values of sloshing response parameters

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图 14 T0和T2b罐内晃动响应参数变化的时间历程

Figure 14. Time history of sloshing response parameters in T0 and T2b tanks

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图 15 晃动响应参数峰值的下降率

Figure 15. Decrease rate of the peak values of sloshing response parameters

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图 16 T1和T2b罐内晃动响应参数峰值相对于T0罐的下降率

Figure 16. Decrease rate of peak values of sloshing response parameters of T1 and T2b relative to T0 tank

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图 17 自由液面变形

Figure 17. Free surface deformation

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表 1 T1和T2b晃动响应参数峰值相对于T0罐的下降率

Table 1. Decrease rate of the peak sloshing response parameters of T1 and T2b relative to T0 tank

充液比/%	T1相对于T0的下降率/%			T2b相对于T0的下降率/%
充液比/%	纵向力	俯仰力矩	载荷转移	纵向力	俯仰力矩	载荷转移
40	27.8	23.6	26.6	29.6	31.9	34.4
60	29.3	21.9	19.4	29.7	29.6	28.8
80	30.0	38.0	45.4	32.4	53.4	68.2

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表 2 T1和T2b罐晃动响应参数峰值

Table 2. Peak values of sloshing response parameters of T1 and T2b tanks

充液高度/m	T1罐晃动响应参数峰值			T2b罐晃动响应参数峰值
充液高度/m	纵向力/kN	俯仰力矩/(kN·m)	载荷转移/m	纵向力/kN	俯仰力矩/(kN·m)	载荷转移/m
0.715	23.7	105.8	1.56	23.4	88.1	1.26
0.815	28.6	130.6	1.58	27.7	112.5	1.35
0.915	32.9	147.0	1.50	33.0	133.8	1.35
1.015	38.5	153.6	1.34	37.6	138.2	1.19
1.115	42.7	155.7	1.18	42.2	142.3	1.06
1.215	46.7	149.1	0.97	45.9	130.1	0.82
1.315	50.4	135.8	0.75	48.3	113.6	0.60

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