多脉冲加载下PBX装药的应力放大效应

何杨; 胡秋实; 仲苏洋; 廖深飞; 李涛; 傅华

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2023-0267

多脉冲加载下PBX装药的应力放大效应

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2023-0267

中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所，四川绵阳 621999

基金项目: 中国工程物理研究院院长基金（YZJJZL2023014）

详细信息

作者简介:
何　杨（1996－　），女，硕士，研究实习员，heyang0820@163.com

通讯作者:
胡秋实（1984－　），男，博士，助理研究员，qiushihu@126.com

中图分类号: O389
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- 文章访问数: 106
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-08-02
- 录用日期: 2024-04-28
- 修回日期: 2024-02-28
- 网络出版日期: 2024-05-09
- 刊出日期: 2024-06-18

Stress amplification effect of PBX charge under multi-pulse loading

Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 针对弹体侵彻过程中装药常常受到多脉冲载荷作用的问题，提出了一种装药多脉冲加载装置，研究了多脉冲加载下装药的应力放大效应。基于集中质量法建立了多脉冲加载装置的等效弹簧模型，对产生应力放大的条件进行了探讨。结果表明，多脉冲载荷频率与装药固有频率匹配时系统发生共振，装药产生响应放大，放大倍数随结构间隙宽度的增加而降低。装药多脉冲加载下存在一个时间区间，撞击加载的发生时刻落在该区间内时系统可产生放大效果。对高聚物黏结炸药（polymer bonded explosive, PBX）模拟材料，实现了实验室条件下应力幅值百兆帕、脉冲间隔毫秒级、脉冲次数3次且幅值逐渐放大的多脉冲载荷加载。
- 侵彻 /
- 多脉冲 /
- 应力放大 /
- 集中质量法 /
- PBX炸药
Abstract: A charge is usually subjected to multi-pulse loading in the process of projectile penetration. A multi-pulse loading device for charge was proposed, and the stress amplification effect of the charge under multi-pulse loading was studied. An equivalent spring model of the multi-pulse loading device was established based on the lumped mass method. The amplification effect of the equivalent model was studied in the time and frequency domains. Based on the finite element analysis of the multi-pulse loading of the charge, the conditions for generating stress amplification were discussed. The results show that the system resonates when the multi-pulse load frequency matches the natural frequency of the charge, and the charge produces amplification response. The presence of gaps causes the main resonance frequency of the system to deviate towards the lower frequency range. The amplification factor decreases with the increase of the structural gap width. When the impact occurs near the moment when the T-shaped transmission bar and the limit block have just separated, the optimal amplification effect can be produced. Under three pulse loading conditions, the optimal amplification factor for the second and third impact is 1.7 times and 2.1 times, respectively. Multiple pulse loading experiments were conducted on Teflon and PBX explosive simulation materials. The relative motion of bullets, limit blocks, and T-shaped transmission bars was observed using high-speed photography technology. The sample pressure was measured using a PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) pressure gauge. The results show that stress amplification occurs when the bullet and the T-shaped transmission bar collide in the same direction, but there is no amplification effect when they collide in the opposite direction, which is consistent with the numerical simulation results. Under the condition of constant total length, the stress amplification factor of the combination of Teflon and PBX simulation material is smaller than that of Teflon due to the presence of interface gaps.
- penetration /
- multi-pulse /
- stress amplification /
- lumped mass method /
- PBX explosive

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图 1 装药多脉冲加载装置

Figure 1. Multi-pulse loading device for charge

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图 2 嵌套子弹截面参数

Figure 2. Cross-sectional parameters of nested projectile

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图 3 多脉冲加载装置等效弹簧模型

Figure 3. Equivalent spring model of multi-pulse loading device

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图 4 不同间隙宽度下系统幅-频响应曲线

Figure 4. Amplitude-frequency response curves with different gap width

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图 5 系统幅-频响应曲线峰值随阻尼、间隙的变化规律

Figure 5. Variation of peak value of amplitude-frequency response curves with damping coefficient and gap width

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图 6 构造的多脉冲载荷及等效弹簧系统位移响应情况

Figure 6. Constructed multi-pulse load and displacement response of equivalent spring system

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图 7 三脉冲载荷的傅里叶频谱

Figure 7. Fourier spectrum of three-pulse load

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图 8 多脉冲加载装置有限元模型

Figure 8. Finite element model of multi-pulse loading device

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图 9 不同∆L₁下样品的应力时程曲线

Figure 9. Stress time history curves of samples under different ∆L₁

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图 10 不同∆L₁下T形传力杆的位移和中层子弹头部的应力

Figure 10. Displacement of T-shaped transmission bar and stress of middle projectile head under different ∆L₁

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图 11 样品应力最优放大效果

Figure 11. Optimal amplification effect of sample stress

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图 12 T形传力杆位移和中层、外层子弹头部应力

Figure 12. Displacement of T-shaped transmission bar and stress in middle and outer projectile head

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图 13 多脉冲加载实验装置示意图

Figure 13. Schematic diagram of multi-pulse loading experimental device

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图 14 实验装置实物

Figure 14. Physical diagram of experimental device

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图 15 样品压力-时间历程实验结果

Figure 15. Experimental results of pressure-time history of samples

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图 16 子弹、限位块和T形传力杆相对位置高速摄影图片

Figure 16. High-speed photographic picture of the relative position of projectiles, limiting block and T-shaped transmission bar

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表 1 实验结果

Table 1. Experimental results

编号	样品	规格尺寸/mm	子弹速度/(m·s⁻¹)	放大效应
1	聚四氟乙烯	$\varnothing $20×20	17	放大
2	聚四氟乙烯	$\varnothing $20×20	17	放大
3	聚四氟乙烯+PBX-3	$\varnothing $20×16+$\varnothing $20×4	17	放大
4	聚四氟乙烯	$\varnothing $20×20	21	不放大
5	聚四氟乙烯+PBX-3	$\varnothing $20×16+$\varnothing $20×4	21	不放大

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