含改性氯化合物对N<sub>2</sub>/细水雾抑制LPG爆炸影响研究

裴蓓; 胡紫维; 韩谕良; 徐梦娇; 陈立伟; 邵翔宇

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2023-0340

含改性氯化合物对N₂/细水雾抑制LPG爆炸影响研究

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2023-0340

裴蓓^{1, 2,},
胡紫维²,
韩谕良²,
徐梦娇²,
陈立伟^{1, 2},
邵翔宇^{1, 2}

1.
河南理工大学煤炭安全生产与清洁高效利用省部共建协同创新中心，河南焦作 454003
2.
河南理工大学安全科学与工程学院，河南焦作 454003

基金项目: 河南省高校科技创新人才支持计划项目（22HASTIT027）；河南省科技攻关计划项目(222102320142)；河南省高校基本科研业务费专项（NSFRF210344）。

详细信息

作者简介:
裴蓓（1982－　），女，博士，副教授，smart128@126.com

中图分类号: O389; TD712
计量
- 文章访问数: 27
- HTML全文浏览量: 11
- PDF下载量: 1
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-09-25
- 修回日期: 2024-01-19
- 网络出版日期: 2024-09-05

Study on influence of modified chlorine-containing compounds on N₂/water mist to suppress LPG explosion

PEI Bei^{1, 2
,},
HU Ziwei²,
HAN Yuliang²,
XU Mengjiao²,
CHEN Liwei^{1, 2},
SHAO Xiangyu^{1, 2}

1.
Henan Polytechnic University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Coal Safety Production and Clean and Efficient Utilization, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China
2.
School of Safety Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China

摘要

摘要: 为了提高对液化石油气LPG的抑爆效能，采用自主设计的半开式有机玻璃管道搭建了N₂/细水雾抑爆炸实验平台，从爆炸超压、火焰传播速度及其峰值来临时间、火焰结构等4个方面分析含改性氯化合物N₂/细水雾抑爆效果。结果表明：含氯化合物对表面活性剂具有选择性，KCl、NaCl和NH₄Cl与脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚（AeO₉）、有机硅表面活性剂（Sicare2235）等2种表面活性剂之间的协同增效效果更优，爆炸超压峰值、火焰传播速度峰值均有明显降低，且峰值来临时间明显延长；十二烷基硫酸钠（sodium dodecyl sulfate，SDS）仅与NaCl共同作用时抑爆效果有明显提升，与其他3种氯盐共同作用时没有增效效果甚至产生促爆现象；FeCl₂与表面活性剂协同时会出现爆炸增强现象；含氯化合物与表面活性剂共同作用时，表面张力值存在最佳值，即表面张力在20 mN/m时，抑爆效能最佳。化学动力学数值模拟结果表明：含改性氯化合物N₂细水雾能够有效降低绝热火焰温度，消耗关键自由基，中断燃烧链式反应，其抑爆的协同增效机理主要体现在N₂惰化稀释、表面活性剂调控水雾粒径增加冷却效应和抑制链式反应等3个方面。
- LPG爆炸抑制 /
- N₂/细水雾 /
- 含氯化合物 /
- 表面活性剂
Abstract: In order to improve the explosion suppression efficiency of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), a self-designed semi-open organic glass pipeline was used to build the N₂/water mist explosion suppression experimental platform. The explosion suppression effect of N₂/water mist containing modified chlorine compounds was analyzed from four aspects: explosion overpressure, flame propagation velocity and its peak arrival time, and flame structure. The results show that the chlorine compounds are selective to surfactants. The synergistic effect between KCl, NaCl and NH₄Cl and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AeO₉) and silicone surfactant (Sicare2235) is better. The maximum explosion overpressure and flame propagation velocity are obviously reduced, and their arrival time is obviously prolonged. When sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) only interacts with NaCl, the explosion suppression effect is significantly improved. While when SDS interacts with the other three chloride salts, there is no synergistic effect or even explosion-promoting effect. Explosion enhancement occurs when FeCl₂ cooperates with surfactants. When the chlorine compound and the surfactant act together, there is an optimal value for the surface tension value, when the surface tension is 20 mN/m, the explosion suppression efficiency is the best. The numerical simulation results of chemical kinetics show that the modified chlorine compound N₂ water mist can effectively reduce the adiabatic flame temperature, consume key free radicals, and interrupt the combustion chain reaction. The synergistic mechanism of explosion suppression is mainly reflected in three aspects: N₂ inerting dilution, surfactant regulation of water mist particle size increase cooling effect and inhibition of chain reaction. The research results will provide technical guidance for the prevention and suppression of liquefied petroleum gas explosion accidents in China.
- explosion of LPG /
- N₂/water mist explosion suppression /
- chlorine-containing compounds /
- surfactant

HTML全文

图 1 含添加剂N₂-双流体细水雾抑制管道LPG爆炸实验系统

Figure 1. LPG explosion inhibition pipeline experimental system with N₂- twin fluid water mist containing additives

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 6% LPG/空气混合气体爆炸火焰传播与超压的耦合作用

Figure 2. Coupling effect of flame propagation and overpressure of 6% LPG/air mixture explosion

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 含氯化合物与不同表面活性剂复合溶液N₂/细水雾对爆炸超压峰值及其来临时间的影响

Figure 3. Effect of N₂/water mist containing chloride compounds and different surfactants composite solution on the maximum overpressure and its arrival time

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 不同表面活性剂对复合溶液表面张力的影响

Figure 4. Effect of different surfactants on surface tension of composite solution

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 含氯化合物与不同表面活性剂复合溶液N₂/细水雾对火焰速度峰值及其来临时间的影响

Figure 5. Effect of N₂/water mist containing chloride compounds and different surfactants composite solution on maximum flame velocity and its arrival time

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 含5%NH₄Cl与不同表面活性剂复合溶液N_2-细水雾对6%LPG/空气预混气爆炸火焰结构演化过程的影响

Figure 6. Effect of N₂ -water mist containing 5% NH₄Cl and different surfactants composite solution on the flame structure of 6% LPG/air mixture explosion

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 含改性KCl复合溶液N₂-细水雾抑制LPG/空气预混气爆炸机理

Figure 7. The suppression mechanism diagram of N₂-water mist containing modified KCl additive on LPG/air mixture explosion

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 不同抑制工况下LPG/空气爆炸的绝热火焰温度

Figure 8. Adiabatic flame temperature of LPG/air explosion under different inhibition conditions

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 不同工况下O+H+OH的摩尔分数变化

Figure 9. The change of mole fraction of O, H and OH under different working conditions

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

参考文献(35)

[1]	孔得朋, 张红杰, 何旭. 油罐火灾及细水雾灭火教学实验平台 [J]. 实验技术与管理, 2021, 38(1): 105–108. DOI: 10.16791/j.cnki.sjg.2021.01.022. KONG D P, ZHANG H J, HE X. Oil tank fire and water mist fire extinguishing teaching experiment platform [J]. Experimental technology and management, 2021, 38(1): 105–108. DOI: 10.16791/j.cnki.sjg.2021.01.022.
[2]	SHAO J, ZHU Z, XU B, et al. Triage and evaluation of blast-injured patients in wenling liquefied petroleum gas tanker explosion. [J]. Journal of burn care & research: official publication of the American Burn Association, 2023. DOI: 10.1093/JBCR/IRAD068.
[3]	JIN R, YANG M, WENG T, et al. Epidemiology and early bacteriology of extremely severe burns from an lpg tanker explosion in eastern China. [J]. Journal of epidemiology and global health, 2022, 12(4). DOI: 10.1007/S44197-022-00066-0.
[4]	SHAO J, ZHU Z, XU B, et al. Triage and evaluation of blast-injured patients in wenling liquefied petroleum gas tanker explosion. [J]. Journal of burn care & research: official publication of the American Burn Association, 2023. DOI: 10.1093/JBCR/IRAD068.
[5]	LYU S, ZHANG S, HUANG X, et al. Investigation and modeling of the LPG tank truck accident in Wenling, China[J]. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2022, 157 . DOI: 10.1016/J.PSEP.2021.10.022.
[6]	ZHU C L, ZHU J Y, WANG L, et al. Lessons learned from analyzing a VCE accident at a chemical plant[J]. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 2017, 50. DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2017.11.004.
[7]	LIANG H, WANG T, LUO Z, et al. Risk assessment of liquefied petroleum gas explosion in a limited space. [J]. ACS omega, 2021, 6(38). DOI: 10.1021/ACSOMEGA.1C03430.
[8]	罗振敏, 梁鹤, 王涛, 等. 初始压力和温度对有限空间中液化石油气爆炸特性的影响[C]// 中国职业安全健康协会2020年学术年会, 山东, 烟台, 2020DOI: 10.26914/c.cnkihy.2020.028748. LUO Z M, LIANG H, WANG T, et al. The influence of initial pressure and temperature on the explosion characteristics of liquefied petroleum gas in limited space[C]//China Occupational Safety and Health Association 2020 Academic Annual Meeting, Yantai, Shandong, 2020. DOI: 10.26914/c.cnkihy.2020.028748.
[9]	蔡运雄, 杜扬, 王世茂, 等. 封闭管道油气爆炸超压及火焰传播特性 [J]. 中国安全生产科学技术, 2019, 15(6): 61–66. CAI Y X, DU Y, WANG S M, et al. Characteristics of overpressure and flame propagation of oil and gas explosion in closed pipelines [J]. Science and Technology for Safe Production in China, 2019, 15(6): 61–66.
[10]	邵辉, 段国宁, 邵峰, 等. 液化石油气点火能试验及爆炸火焰传播分析 [J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2011, 21(8): 54–60. DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2011.08.017. SHAO H, DUAN G N, SHAO F, et al. Liquefied petroleum gas ignition energy test and explosion flame propagation analysis [J]. Chinese Journal of Safety Science, 2011, 21(8): 54–60. DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2011.08.017.
[11]	张志斌, 叶继红. 高速路上LPG罐车泄漏爆炸危险性分析 [J]. 工业安全与环保, 2023, 49(04): 5–10. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-425X.2023.04.002. ZHANG Z B, YE J H. Risk Analysis of LPG Tank Car Leakage and Explosion on Expressway [J]. Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection, 2023, 49(04): 5–10. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-425X.2023.04.002.
[12]	余爽. 基于ALOHA的LPG槽罐车火灾爆炸事故模拟 [J]. 消防科学与技术, 2016, 35(09): 1347–1349. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-0029.2016.09.048. YU S. Fire and explosion accident simulation of LPG tanker based on ALOHA [J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2016, 35(09): 1347–1349. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-0029.2016.09.048.
[13]	罗振敏, 解超, 王九柱, 等. N₂和CO₂对液化石油气(LPG)惰化抑爆效能对比分析 [J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(6): 2574–2580. DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-1788. LUO Z M, XIE C, WANG J Z, et al. Comparative analysis of inerting and explosion suppression efficiency of N₂ and CO₂ on liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) [J]. Chemical progress, 2019, 38(6): 2574–2580. DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-1788.
[14]	周宁, 李海涛, 任常兴, 等. 氮气、二氧化碳对液化石油气的惰化抑爆研究 [J]. 消防科学与技术, 2016, 35(6): 733–737. ZHOU N, LI H T, REN C X, et al. Study on the inerting and explosion suppression of liquefied petroleum gas by nitrogen and carbon dioxide [J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2016, 35(6): 733–737.
[15]	何昆. 二氧化碳对液化石油气抑爆实验研究 [J]. 消防科学与技术, 2015, 34(7): 841–843. HE K. Experimental study on explosion suppression of liquefied petroleum gas by carbon dioxide [J]. Fire science and technology, 2015, 34(7): 841–843.
[16]	WANG J, LIANG Y, ZHAO Z. Effect of N₂ and CO₂ on explosion behavior of H₂-Liquefied petroleum gas-air mixtures in a confined space [J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2022, 47(56). DOI: 10.1016/J.IJHYDENE.2022.05.152.
[17]	夏远辰, 张彬, 王博乔, 等. 超细水雾对氢气-甲烷预混气体爆燃的抑制机理实验研究 [J]. 大连海事大学学报, 2022: 1–8. DOI: 10.16411/j.cnki.issn1006-7736.2022.04.015. XIA Y C, ZHANG B, Wang B Q et al. Experimental study on the inhibition mechanism of ultrafine water mist on hydrogen-methane premixed gas deflagration [J]. Journal of Dalian Maritime University, 2022: 1–8. DOI: 10.16411/j.cnki.issn1006-7736.2022.04.015.
[18]	SONG Y, ZHANG Q. Quantitative research on gas explosion inhibition by water mist [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2019, 363: 16–25. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.09.059.
[19]	常新明, 张红军, 魏垂胜, 等. 细水雾粒径对管内瓦斯爆炸特性的影响机理研究 [J]. 河南理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2021, 40(5): 8–15. DOI: 10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2020110078. CHANG X M, ZHANG H J, WEI C S, et al. Study on the influence mechanism of water mist particle size on gas explosion characteristics in pipe [J]. Journal of Henan Polytechnic University (Natural Science Edition), 2021, 40(5): 8–15. DOI: 10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2020110078.
[20]	裴蓓, 韦双明, 陈立伟, 等. CO₂-超细水雾对CH₄/Air初期爆炸特性的影响 [J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2019, 39(2): 169–178. DOI: 10.11883/bzycj-2018-0147. PEI B, WEI S M, CHEN L W, et al. Effect of CO₂-ultrafine water mist on the initial explosion characteristics of CH₄ / Air [J]. Explosion and shock, 2019, 39(2): 169–178. DOI: 10.11883/bzycj-2018-0147.
[21]	陈晓坤, 林滢, 罗振敏, 等. 水系抑制剂控制瓦斯爆炸的实验研究 [J]. 煤炭学报, 2006(5): 603–606. DOI: 10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2019.06.010. CHEN X K, LIN Y, LUO Z M, et al. Experimental study on gas explosion control by water system inhibitors [J]. Acta Coale Sinica, 2006(5): 603–606. DOI: 10.11731/j.issn.1673-193x.2019.06.010.
[22]	CAO X Y, BI M S, REN J J, et al. Experimental research on explosion suppression affected by ultrafine water mist containing different additives [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2019, 368. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.01.006.
[23]	BADHUK P, RAVIKRISHNA R V. Flame inhibition by aqueous solution of Alkali salts in methane and LPG laminar diffusion flames [J]. Fire Safety Journal, 2022, 130. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.01.006.
[24]	杨克, 周越, 周扬, 等. 含PPFBS超细水雾抑制甲烷爆燃的实验研究 [J]. 安全与环境工程, 2020, 27(6): 174–180. DOI: 10.13578/j.cnki.issn.1671-1556.2020.06.025. YANG K, ZHOU Y, ZHOU Y, et al. Experimental study on the suppression of methane deflagration by ultrafine water mist containing PPFBS [J]. Safety and Environmental Engineering, 2020, 27(6): 174–180. DOI: 10.13578/j.cnki.issn.1671-1556.2020.06.025.
[25]	裴蓓, 杨双杰, 陆丁连, 等. 含复合添加剂N₂-双流体细水雾抑制乙醇火焰强化研究 [J]. 工程热物理学报, 2021, 42(1): 260–267. PEI B, YANG S J, LU D L, et al. Study on the inhibition of ethanol flame enhancement by N₂-two-fluid water mist containing composite additive [J]. Engineering Thermophysics, 2021, 42(1): 260–267.
[26]	吴楠, 曹青, 张连超. 有机硅/碳氢表面活性剂对水成膜灭火剂性能的影响 [J]. 消防科学与技术, 2020, 39(7): 997–1000. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-0029.2020.07.030. WU N, CAO Q, ZHANG L C. Effects of silicone / hydrocarbon surfactants on the performance of aqueous film-forming extinguishing agents [J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2020, 39(7): 997–1000. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-0029.2020.07.030.
[27]	WANG T, YANG P, YI W, et al. Effect of obstacle shape on the deflagration characteristics of premixed LPG-air mixtures in a closed tube [J]. Process safety and environmental protection, 2022, 168: 248–256. DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2022.09.079.
[28]	IBRAHIM S S, MASRI B. The effects of obstructions on overpressure resulting from premixed flame deflagration [J]. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 2001, 14(3). DOI: 10.1016/S0950-4230(00)00024-3.
[29]	TRAN M V, WON S S, JEONG P, OH B K et al. Effects of hydrocarbon addition on cellular instabilities in expanding syngas-air spherical premixed flames [J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2009, 34(16): 6961–6969. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.06.067.
[30]	CAO X, WANG Z, LU Y, et al. Numerical simulation of methane explosion suppression by ultrafine water mist in a confined space [J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology incorporating Trenchless Technology Research, 2021, 109. DOI: 10.1016/J.TUST.2020.103777.
[31]	PEI B, LI S, YANG S, et al. Flame propagation inhibition study on methane/air explosion using CO₂ twin-fluid water mist containing potassium salt additives [J]. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 2022, 78: 104817. DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2022.104817.
[32]	LIU F, KARATAS A E, GUIDER Ö L, et al. Numerical and experimental study of the influence of CO₂ and N₂ dilution on soot formation in laminar coflow C₂H₄/air diffusion flames at pressures bet-ween 5 and 20 atm [J]. Combustion and Flame, 2015, 162(5): 2231–2247. DOI: 10.1016/j.combustflame.2015.01.020.
[33]	贺元骅, 郭君, 王海斌, 等. 低压双流体细水雾抑制锂离子电池热失控研究 [J]. 消防科学与技术, 2020, 39(2): 223–227. HE Y H, GUO J, WANG H B, et al. Study on thermal runaway suppression of lithium-ion batteries by low-pressure two-fluid water mist [J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2020, 39(2): 223–227.
[34]	刘中麟. 新型水基添加剂灭火有效性研究[D]. 郑州: 郑州大学, 2015: 98–99. LIU Z L. Study on fire extinguishing effectiveness of new water-based additives[D]. Zhengzhou : Zhengzhou University, 2015: 98–99.
[35]	ZHANG T W, HAO L, HAN Z Y, et al. Experimental study on the synergistic effect of fire extinguishing by water and potassium salts [J]. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2019, 138(1): 857–867. DOI: 10.1007/s10973-019-08234-4.