TA2/AZ31B/2024Al爆炸焊接复合板界面微观结构特征及其动态力学性能

梁汉良; 罗宁; 陈彦龙; 芮天安; 潘玉龙

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2023-0367

TA2/AZ31B/2024Al爆炸焊接复合板界面微观结构特征及其动态力学性能

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2023-0367

梁汉良^{1, 2,},
罗宁^{1, 2, ,},
陈彦龙^{1, 2},
芮天安³,
潘玉龙³

1.
中国矿业大学深部岩土力学与地下工程国家重点实验室，江苏徐州 221116
2.
中国矿业大学力学与土木工程学院，江苏徐州 221116
3.
安徽宝泰特种材料有限公司，安徽宣城 242500

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（12072363，12372373）；爆破工程湖北省重点实验室开放基金（BL2021-03）

详细信息

作者简介:
梁汉良（1996－　），男，博士研究生，liang_hanliang@cumt.edu.cn

通讯作者:
罗　宁（1980－　），男，博士，教授，博士生导师，nluo@cumt.edu.cn

中图分类号: O382; TG456.6
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-10-09
- 修回日期: 2024-01-04
- 网络出版日期: 2024-01-05
- 刊出日期: 2024-04-07

Interfacial microstructure characteristics and dynamic mechanical properties of TA2/AZ31B/2024Al explosively-welded composite plates

LIANG Hanliang^{1, 2
,},
LUO Ning^{1, 2
, ,},
CHEN Yanlong^{1, 2},
RUI Tianan³,
PAN Yulong³

1.
State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
2.
School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
3.
Anhui Baotai Special Materials Co., Ltd., Xuancheng 242500, Anhui, China

摘要

摘要: 运用平行法爆炸焊接工艺，开展了TA2/AZ31B/2024Al多层轻质金属板材爆炸焊接实验。通过扫描电镜、电子背散射衍射、分离式霍普金森压杆及三维轮廓扫描等测试技术，对多层爆炸焊接复合板界面微观结构特征、材料物相变化规律、复合板材动态力学性能及材料冲击断口特征开展了系统研究。研究结果表明：焊后多层轻质金属复合板的4个焊接界面均呈现出爆炸焊接特有的波形结构特征，结合界面处无明显缺陷，总体焊接质量良好。结合界面处晶粒发生细化并形成细晶区，1060Al过渡层内晶粒组织由于强塑性变形呈现典型的拉长层状晶粒特征，4个结合界面处均出现明显的变形织构与再结晶织构特征。沿X方向的试样最大动态抗压强度达605 MPa，分层断口界面三维形貌呈现近似水面波纹的独特结构特征。沿Z方向的试样最大动态抗压强度达390 MPa，断口界面三维形貌呈现明显的纤维状韧性断裂特征。
- 轻质金属 /
- 多层复合板 /
- 爆炸焊接 /
- 界面微观结构 /
- 动态力学性能
Abstract: In recent years, with the rapid development of technology and equipment in the fields of aerospace, defense, and military industries, multilayer lightweight metal composite materials have attracted widespread attention to face complex service environments and reduce equipment weight. Titanium, aluminum, magnesium, and other lightweight metals and their alloys have advantages such as high specific strength, high specific elastic modulus, high damping and shock absorption, high electrostatic shielding, and high machinability, making them the most promising lightweight metal materials for application. In this study, the explosive welding experiments of TA2/AZ31B/2024Al multilayer light metal plate were carried out using a parallel explosive-welding process. Using scanning electron microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction, split Hopkinson pressure bar, and three-dimensional contour scanning, the interfacial microstructure characteristics, material phase changes, dynamic mechanical properties, and impact fracture characteristics of multilayer explosive welded composite plates were studied systematically. The results indicate that the four joining interfaces of the multilayer lightweight metal composite plate after welding present unique waveform structure characteristics of explosive welding, and there are no obvious defects at the joining interfaces. The overall welding quality is good. The grain refinement occurs at the joining interfaces and forms the fine grain region. The grain structure in the 1060Al transition layer exhibits typical elongated layered grain characteristics due to strong plastic deformation, and deformation texture and recrystallization texture characteristics appear at all four joining interfaces. The maximum dynamic compressive strength of the sample along the X-direction is 605 MPa, and the three-dimensional morphology of the fracture interface presents unique structural features similar to the water ripples. The maximum dynamic compressive strength of the sample along the Z-direction is 390 MPa, and the three-dimensional morphology of the fracture interface presents fibrous ductile fracture characteristics. Due to the different wave impedance of the metals, the delamination failure occurs in the X-direction sample, which is caused by the shear stress between the Al/Mg joining interfaces. Since the strength of 1060Al is lower than that of other metals, the Z-direction sample is first destroyed from the 1060Al layer, and slip shear fracture occurs along the 45° direction.
- light metal /
- multilayer composite plate /
- explosive welding /
- interface microstructure /
- dynamic mechanical properties

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图 1 多层轻质金属复合爆炸焊接实验

Figure 1. Multi-layer light metal explosive welding experiment

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图 2 热处理后的多层爆炸焊接复合板及小尺寸表征试样

Figure 2. A multilayer explosively-welded composite plate after heat treatmentand a representative mall-sized sample cut from the composite plate

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图 3 SHPB实验试样

Figure 3. Samples used in SHPB experiments

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图 4 动态SHPB实验系统

Figure 4. Dynamic SHPB experimental system

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图 5 TA2/1060Al结合界面微观结构特征及元素线扫描分析

Figure 5. Microstructure characteristics and elemental line scanning analysis of TA2/1060Al joining interface

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图 6 1060Al/2024Al结合界面微观结构特征

Figure 6. Microstructure characteristics of 1060Al/2024Al joining interface

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图 7 1060Al/AZ31B结合界面微观结构特征及元素线扫描分析

Figure 7. Microstructure characteristics and elemental line scanning analysis of 1060Al/AZ31B joining interface

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图 8 AZ31B/1060Al结合界面微观结构特征及元素线扫描分析

Figure 8. Microstructure characteristics and elemental line scanning analysis of AZ31B/1060Al joining interface

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图 9 TA2/1060Al结合界面反极图及再结晶分布图

Figure 9. Inverse pole figure and recrystallization distribution mapping of TA2/1060Al joining interface

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图 10 TA2/1060Al结合界面局部取向差图及织构分布图

Figure 10. Local misorientation and texture distribution mappings of TA2/1060Al joining interface

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图 11 1060Al/AZ31B结合界面反极图及再结晶分布图

Figure 11. Inverse pole figure and recrystallization distribution mapping of 1060Al/AZ31B joining interface

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图 12 1060Al/AZ31B结合界面局部取向差图及织构分布图

Figure 12. Local misorientation and texture distribution mappings of 1060Al/AZ31B joining interface

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图 13 AZ31B/1060Al结合界面反极图及再结晶分布图

Figure 13. Inverse pole figure and recrystallization distribution mapping of AZ31B/1060Al joining interface

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图 14 AZ31B/1060Al结合界面局部取向差图及织构分布图

Figure 14. Local misorientation and texture distribution mappings of AZ31B/1060Al joining interface

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图 15 1060Al/2024Al结合界面反极图及再结晶分析结果

Figure 15. Inverse pole figure and recrystallization analysis results of 1060Al/2024Al joining interface

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图 16 1060Al/2024Al结合界面局部取向差图及织构分布图

Figure 16. Local misorientation and texture distribution mappings of 1060Al/2024Al joining interface

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图 17 X方向SHPB试样在不同速度冲击后的实物图

Figure 17. Physical images of SHPB samples in the X direction after impact at different velocities

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图 18 不同冲击速度下X方向试样的应力-应变曲线

Figure 18. Stress-strain curves of samples in the X direction under different impact velocities

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图 19 Z方向SHPB试样在不同速度冲击后的实物图

Figure 19. Physical images of SHPB samples in the Z direction after impact at different velocities

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图 20 不同冲击速度下Z方向试样的应力-应变曲线

Figure 20. Stress-strain curves of samples in the Z direction under different impact velocities

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图 21 试样1-9冲击后断口界面的三维形貌

Figure 21. Three-dimensional morphologies of fracture interfaces in sample 1-9 after impact

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图 22 试样1-10冲击后断口界面三维形貌

Figure 22. Three-dimensional morphologies of fracture interfaces in sample 1-10 after impact

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图 23 试样2-7冲击后断口界面三维形貌

Figure 23. Three-dimensional morphologies of fracture interfaces in sample 2-7 after impact

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图 24 X方向试样动态破坏机理

Figure 24. Dynamic failure mechanism of samples in the X direction

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图 25 Z方向试样的动态破坏机理

Figure 25. Dynamic failure mechanism of samples in the Z direction

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表 1 金属板材的物理尺寸及板间间隙

Table 1. Physical dimensions of metal plates and gaps between metal plates

板材位置	材料	物理尺寸/mm	板间间隙/mm
第1层（飞板）	TA2	800×400×4	6 3 3 5
第2层（过渡层）	1060Al	800×400×1
第3层（中间板）	AZ31B	700×350×3
第4层（过渡层）	1060Al	800×400×1
第5层（基板）	2024Al	800×400×10

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表 2 X方向试样在不同速度冲击后的变形量

Table 2. Deformation of the X-direction samples after impact at different velocities

试样	冲击速度/(m·s⁻¹)	初始高度/mm	压缩后高度/mm
1-1	10.195	10	9.74
1-2	13.421	10	9.53
1-3	15.767	10	9.33
1-4	18.268	10	8.84
1-5	20.145	10	8.72
1-6	22.045	10	8.49
1-7	27.247	10	7.93
1-8	30.506	10	7.73
1-9	33.025	10	分层断裂
1-10	36.252	10	分层断裂

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表 3 Z方向试样在不同速度冲击后的变形量分析

Table 3. Analysis of the deformation of the Z-direction samples after impact at different velocities

试样	冲击速度/(m·s⁻¹)	初始高度/mm	压缩后高度/mm
2-1	10.588	10	9.62
2-2	13.466	10	9.32
2-3	15.807	10	8.98
2-4	18.135	10	8.68
2-5	20.000	10	8.47
2-6	21.920	10	断裂
2-7	26.925	10	断裂

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