负载对穿甲杆侵彻钢靶行为影响的试验和数值模拟研究

付吉; 纪杨子燚; 郭腾飞; 刘吉安; 李向东

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2023-0379

负载对穿甲杆侵彻钢靶行为影响的试验和数值模拟研究

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2023-0379

1.
南京理工大学机械工程学院，江苏南京 210094
2.
西安现代控制技术研究所，陕西西安 710065

详细信息

作者简介:
付　吉（2000－　），男，硕士研究生，fuji@njust.edu.cn

通讯作者:
李向东（1969－　），男，博士，教授，lixiangd@njust.edu.cn

中图分类号: O389
计量
- 文章访问数: 156
- HTML全文浏览量: 63
- PDF下载量: 90
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-10-16
- 修回日期: 2024-02-19
- 网络出版日期: 2024-03-13
- 刊出日期: 2024-06-18

Experimental and numerical investigation of the effects of load on the penetration behavior of armor-piercing rods into steel targets

1.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
2.
Xi’an Modern Control Technology Research Institute, Xi’an 710065, Shaanxi, China

摘要

摘要: 为探究负载对穿甲杆侵彻钢靶行为的影响，采用试验和数值计算相结合的方法，研究了带负载和不带负载穿甲杆对603装甲钢的侵彻行为，分析了负载、入射角度、撞击速度以及负载质心位置对穿甲杆侵彻深度、偏转角度的影响。研究结果表明：斜侵彻时负载使穿甲杆的侵彻深度提高并减小穿甲杆侵彻过程中的弹道偏转角度，提高了穿甲杆的侵彻能力；正侵彻时负载撞击靶板表面消耗能量，不利于提高穿甲杆侵彻深度；撞击速度为1400 m/s，入射角为60°时，负载降低了穿甲杆临界跳飞速度；负载质心距穿甲杆头部距离大于穿甲杆长度1/2时，弹道偏转角度减小，负载使穿甲杆的侵彻能力增强。
- 侵彻 /
- 穿甲杆 /
- 负载 /
- 高速动能导弹
Abstract: In order to examine the influence of loads on the penetration behavior of the armor-piercing rod in a steel target, two sets of experiments were performed where both loaded and unloaded rods were used to penetrate 603 armored steel plates. Structural failures of the plates were observed under both loaded and unloaded conditions. Subsequently, numerical simulation methods were employed to analyze the penetration characteristics of both loaded and unloaded armor-piercing rods under various conditions, including incident angles of 45° and 60°, and impact velocities ranging from 1300 to 1600 m/s. An analysis was conducted to evaluate the effects of loads, incident angles, impact velocities, and load centroid positions on both the penetration depth and deflection angle of the rods. The research findings indicate that the inclusion of loads substantially enhances the oblique penetration depth of the armor-piercing rod while simultaneously reducing the ballistic deflection angle, thereby effectively improving the overall penetration efficiency. Conversely, in the case of positive penetration, the energy consumption caused by the load striking the target plate’s surface impedes the armor-piercing rod’s ability to penetrate. It is noteworthy that under an impact velocity of 1400 m/s and an incident angle of 60°, the inclusion of loads results in a decrease in the critical jump velocity of the armor-piercing rod. Moreover, observations revealed that as the distance between the centroid of the armor-piercing rod and its head surpasses half of the rod’s length, there is an increase in penetration depth accompanied by a corresponding decrease in the deflection angle. Specifically, it has been found that an increased distance between the centroid of the armor-piercing rod and its head leads to an improvement in penetration effectiveness. These findings highlight the substantial impact of load position on the penetration effectiveness and offer valuable insights for future design optimization. The research outcomes offer essential support and guidance for the design of high-speed kinetic energy missiles, thereby facilitating the enhancement of their penetration capabilities.
- penetration /
- armor piercing rod /
- load /
- high-speed kinetic energy missile

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图 1 试验布置

Figure 1. Test layout

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图 2 试验弹

Figure 2. Test projectile

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图 3 穿甲杆飞行姿态

Figure 3. Typical armor-piercing rod flight attitude

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图 4 穿甲杆侵彻靶板表面开孔形态（左侧为不带负载，右侧为带负载）

Figure 4. Hole shape on the surface of typical target plates (without load on the left , with load on the right)

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图 5 穿甲杆侵彻靶板的有限元模型

Figure 5. Finite element modeling of an armor-piercing rod penetrating a target plate

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图 6 典型工况数值模拟与试验结果剖面的对比

Figure 6. Cross-sectional comparison of numerical simulation and test results under typical working conditions

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图 7 侵彻弹道偏转角示意

Figure 7. Schematic of penetration ballistic deflection angle

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图 8 穿甲杆侵彻过程应力分布云图（撞击速度为1600 m/s）

Figure 8. Stress distribution of the armor-piercing rod penetrates target with an impact velocity of 1600 m/s

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图 9 侵彻方向穿甲杆尾部速度

Figure 9. Tail speed of armor-piercing rod

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图 10 侵彻弹道偏转角

Figure 10. Penetration ballistic deflection angle

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图 11 相对侵彻深度和穿甲杆撞击速度的关系

Figure 11. Relationship between relative depth of penetration and impact velocity of the armor-piercing rod

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图 12 带负载与不带负载穿甲杆的临界跳飞速度（θ = 60°）

Figure 12. Critical jump speed of the armor-piercing rod with and without load (θ = 60°)

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图 13 不带负载与带负载穿甲杆初始侵彻姿态（θ = 0°，左侧：俯视图，右侧：侧视图）

Figure 13. Initial penetration attitude of armor-piercing rod without and with load （θ=0°, left: top view; right: side view）

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图 14 偏转角度和穿甲杆撞击速度的关系

Figure 14. Relationship between deflection angle and impact velocity of armor-piercing rod

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图 15 负载质心位置

Figure 15. Load centroid position

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图 16 无量纲长度对无量纲侵彻深度和偏转角度的影响

Figure 16. Influence of dimensionless length on penetration depth and deflection angle

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表 1 试验弹参数

Table 1. Test parameters of the projectile

穿甲杆直径/mm	试验弹长度/mm	穿甲杆质量/g	模拟负载质量/g	闭气环质量/g	尾翼质量/g	全弹质量/g
5.6	123.72	55	44	3	4.9	106.9

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表 2 试验结果

Table 2. Test results

发序	负载	撞击速度/(m∙s^-1)	攻角/(°)	入射角/(°)	入口面积/(mm×mm)	侵彻深度/mm
1	无	1192	0	0	9×9	53
2	无	1261	0	45	11×12	62
3	无	1378	0	45	10×15	49
4	无	1417	0	45	15×12	68
5	有	1447	0	45	15×16	67
6	有	1467	0	60	51×25	78
7	有	1619	0	60	46×28	83
8	无	1394	0	60	21×24	71
9	无	1381	0	60	跳弹	跳弹

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表 3 材料参数

Table 3. Material parameters

材料	ρ/(kg·m⁻³)	E/GPa	G/GPa	ν	A/MPa	B/MPa	N
93钨	17400	—	90	0.28	1506	177	0.12
603装甲钢	7800	206	—	0.33	1100	310	0.26
铝合金	2797	69	—	0.33	265	462	0.34

材料	M	C	d₁	d₂	d₃	d₄	d₅
93钨	1.0	0.016	2.0	0	0	0	0
603装甲钢	1.03	0.014	2.0	0	0	0	0
铝合金	1.0	0.014	0.13	0.13	−1.5	0.011	0

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表 4 典型工况数值模拟与试验数据的对比

Table 4. Comparison of numerical simulation and test data under typical working conditions

发序	负载	入射角/(°)	入口面积/(mm×mm)		入口面积相对误差/%	侵彻深度/mm		侵彻深度相对误差/%
发序	负载	入射角/(°)	试验	数值模拟	入口面积相对误差/%	试验	数值模拟	侵彻深度相对误差/%
1	无	0	9×9	10.0×9.1	12.3	53	50.0	−5.7
4	无	45	15×12	16.8×12.0	12.0	68	68.9	1.3
5	有	45	15×16	16.0×13.5	−10.0	67	70.0	4.5
7	有	60	46×28	48.0×24.0	−10.6	83	83.9	1.0
9	无	60	—	36.6×12.0	—	—	37.1	—

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