底部爆炸冲击下乘员脊柱的损伤行为和风险分析

李桂兵; 李文博; 汪国胜; 覃凌云; 蔡志华

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2024-0211

底部爆炸冲击下乘员脊柱的损伤行为和风险分析

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2024-0211

李桂兵^1,,
李文博¹,
汪国胜^{1, 2, ,},
覃凌云¹,
蔡志华³

1.
湖南科技大学机电工程学院，湖南湘潭 411201
2.
中国北方车辆研究所底盘部件技术部，北京 100072
3.
湖南科技大学机械设备健康维护湖南省重点实验室，湖南湘潭 411201

基金项目: 基础加强计划技术领域基金（2021-JCJQ-JJ-1309）；湖南省自然科学基金（2023JJ30246）

详细信息

作者简介:
李桂兵（1987－　），男，博士，副教授，guibing.li@hnust.edu.cn

通讯作者:
汪国胜（1971－　），男，博士，研究员，wgsheng321449@163.com

中图分类号: O383.1
计量
- 文章访问数: 60
- HTML全文浏览量: 43
- PDF下载量: 37
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-07-01
- 修回日期: 2024-10-30
- 网络出版日期: 2024-10-31
- 刊出日期: 2024-12-01

Analysis of occupant spinal injury behavior and risk induced by under-body blast impacts

1.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, China
2.
Department of Vehicle Chassis, China North Vehicle Research Institute, Beijing 100072, China
3.
Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Maintennance for Mechanical Equipment, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, China

摘要

摘要: 底部爆炸冲击极易造成装甲车辆乘载员脊柱损伤，为全面了解底部爆炸冲击作用下的乘员脊柱各节段损伤行为和风险，通过基于高生物逼真度人体有限元模型的数值仿真模拟典型底部爆炸冲击下乘员脊柱的动态响应过程，融合运动学、动力学和生物力学响应研究脊柱各节段潜在的损伤行为，并利用生物力学指标分析不同受载工况和防护座椅设计参数下乘员脊柱的损伤风险。结果表明：C4~T3段脊柱后伸过展是棘突、横突和椎间盘纤维环的主要致伤因素，T7~T12段脊柱损伤主要受前屈过弯和轴向压缩共同作用，腰椎轴向压缩导致椎体前侧和椎间盘髓核处高损伤风险；脊柱各节段损伤风险随受载加速度峰值增大而提高，抗爆座椅防护下颈椎仍存在高骨折风险；减小座椅悬架刚度可降低乘员脊柱的损伤风险，但在0.6~1.2 kN·s/m范围内改变座椅悬架阻尼对乘员脊柱的损伤风险无明显影响。
- 底部爆炸 /
- 脊柱损伤 /
- 人体模型 /
- 生物力学
Abstract: The impact from under-body blast (UBB) can easily cause spinal injuries to armored vehicle occupants. In order to comprehensively understand the injury behavior and risk of different spine segments of the occupant under UBB impacts, numerical simulations using a high biofidelity human body finite element model were conducted to simulate the dynamic response process of the occupant spine under typical UBB impacts. Then kinematic, dynamic, and biomechanical response were integrated to study the potential injury behavior of each segment of the spine, and biomechanical indicators were used to analyze spinal injury risk under different loading conditions and protective seat design parameters. The results indicate that: the over extension of the C4–T3 segments is the main reason for injuries to the spinous process, transverse process, and intervertebral disc annulus fibrosus; injuries of the T7–T12 segments are mainly associated with the forward over bending combined with axial compression; the axial compression of the lumbar spine results in a high injury risk at the anterior aspect of the vertebral body and the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc; the risk of spinal segment injury increases with the increase of peak load acceleration, and the risk of thoracolumbar spine injury under anti-blast seat protection is lower, but there is a high risk of cervical spine fracture; reducing the stiffness of the seat suspension can reduce the risk of spinal injury for occupants, but changing the damping parameter of the seat suspension in the range of 0.6−1.2 kN·s/m has no significant effect on the spinal injury risk of occupants.
- under-body blast /
- spinal injury /
- human body model /
- biomechanics

HTML全文

图 1 THUMS模型

Figure 1. THUMS model

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图 2 THUMS模型验证加载仿真模型及加载曲线^[9]

Figure 2. Simulation model and loading pulses^[9] for THUMS model validation

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图 3 THUMS模型T1、T5、T8和T12加速度响应与尸体试验数据^[9]对比

Figure 3. Comparison of T1, T5, T8 and T12 acceleration-time histories between the THUMS model and cadaver test data^[9]

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图 4 UBB冲击环境下的乘员受载仿真模型及加载脉冲

Figure 4. Simulation model and loading pulse of occupant in UBB impact environment

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图 5 UBB冲击载荷下的乘员受载运动学响应（蓝色所示为骨骼）

Figure 5. Kinematic response of occupant under UBB impact load (bones shown in blue)

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图 6 UBB冲击载荷下的乘员脊柱位姿形态随时间变化过程

Figure 6. The temporal variation process of occupant spine posture under UBB impact load

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图 7 脊柱各节段截面力和弯矩时间历程曲线

Figure 7. Time history curves of cross-sectional forces and bending moments in various segments of the spine

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图 8 脊柱各节段最大截面力和弯矩峰值相对L5的比值

Figure 8. Ratios of peak cross-sectional force and bending moment of each segment of the spine to those of L5

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图 9 颈椎椎体应力和椎间盘应变分布随时间的变化

Figure 9. The temporal variation of stress distribution in cervical vertebrae and strain distribution in the intervertebral discs

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图 10 胸腰椎椎体应力和椎间盘应变分布随时间的变化

Figure 10. The temporal variation of stress distribution in thoraco-lumbar vertebrae and strain distribution in the intervertebral discs

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图 11 椎体最大应力随UBB加速度峰值、座椅悬架刚度和悬架阻尼的变化

Figure 11. Variation of the maximum vertebral stress with the peak UBB acceleration, and the stiffness and damping of the seat suspension

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表 1 仿真矩阵

Table 1. Simulation matrix

编号 UBB峰值/g 刚度/(kN∙m⁻¹) 阻尼/(kN·s∙m⁻¹)

0 200 80 1.2
1 100 80 1.2
2 150
3 250
4 300
5 200 50 1.2
6 60
7 70
8 200 80 0.6
9 0.8
10 1.0

下载: 导出CSV

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