爆炸冲击载荷下猪肺部的损伤特性

张佃元; 于晨; 郝文勇; 李元; 侯兵; 索涛

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2024-0262

爆炸冲击载荷下猪肺部的损伤特性

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2024-0262

张佃元^1,,
于晨¹,
郝文勇^{1, 2},
李元^{1, 3},
侯兵^{1, 3, ,},
索涛^{1, 3}

1.
西北工业大学航空学院，陕西西安 710072
2.
比亚迪汽车有限公司，陕西西安 710065
3.
西北工业大学极端力学研究院，陕西西安 710072

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（12141203, U2341236）

详细信息

作者简介:
张佃元（2000－　），男，硕士研究生，dddy@mail.nwpu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
侯　兵（1982－　），女，博士，教授，博士生导师，houbing@nwpu.edu.cn

中图分类号: O383
计量
- 文章访问数: 49
- HTML全文浏览量: 12
- PDF下载量: 37
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-08-06
- 修回日期: 2024-10-18
- 网络出版日期: 2024-11-05
- 刊出日期: 2024-12-01

Injury properties of porcine lung under blast load

ZHANG Dianyuan^1
,,
YU Chen¹,
HAO Wenyong^{1, 2},
LI Yuan^{1, 3},
HOU Bing^{1, 3
, ,},
SUO Tao^{1, 3}

1.
School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xiʼan 710072, Shaanxi, China
2.
BYD Auto Industry Co., Ltd., Xiʼan 710065, Shaanxi, China
3.
Institute of Extreme Mechanics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xiʼan 710072, Shaanxi, China

摘要

摘要: 为了深入研究爆炸冲击波作用下生物体肺部的力学响应和损伤特性，首先建立了猪胸部有限元模型，借助新研制的PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride)柔性冲击波压力传感器测试了激波管试验中动物的体表压力，验证了有限元模型的准确性。然后，使用已验证的模型开展了不同比例距离下猪肺部损伤特性研究，分析了在不同强度冲击波作用下肺部的损伤程度和损伤区域，并建立了胸肺部表皮压力峰值与肺损伤的关系。最后，通过开展爆炸试验，获得了不同比例距离下猪的肺部损伤情况和胸部表皮压力曲线，验证了所建立的胸肺部表皮压力峰值与肺损伤关系的正确性。
- 动物有限元模型 /
- 爆炸冲击波 /
- 肺损伤 /
- 压力峰值
Abstract: In order to study the mechanical response and injury characteristics of living lungs under the action of blast shock waves, this study first established a finite element model of the chest of a small pig and used a newly developed PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) flexible pressure sensor to test the surface pressure of animals in shock tube experiments, verifying the accuracy of the finite element model. Secondly, the validated model was used to study the characteristics of lung injury of pigs at different blast distances, analyzing the lung injury location and severity under different intensities of shock waves. Moreover, the relation between the peak pressure on the surface of the chest and the grade of lung injury was established. Finally, blast tests were performed to obtain the lung injury of pigs as well as the chest surface pressure histories at different blast distances, which can be used to verify the correctness of the established relation.
- animal finite element model /
- blast shock wave /
- lung injury /
- peak pressure

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图 1 猪胸部有限元模型

Figure 1. Finite element model of pig chest

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图 2 激波管试验设置

Figure 2. Shock tube test setup

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图 3 试验重复性以及PCB与PVDF的压力曲线对比

Figure 3. Test reproducibility as well as comparison of pressure curves between PCB and PVDF

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图 4 激波管冲击猪肺试验验证模型

Figure 4. Validation model of the shock tube test on pig lung

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图 5 不同位置处PVDF测得的压力（3次重复测试）与仿真压力曲线对比

Figure 5. Comparison of PVDF pressure and simulation pressure curves in different locations

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图 6 解剖结果与仿真模拟结果对比

Figure 6. Comparison of anatomical results with simulation results

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图 7 Z=1.48 m/kg^1/3时应力波在猪胸部的传播过程

Figure 7. The propagation process of stress wave in pig chest with Z=1.48 m/kg^1/3

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图 8 猪肺组织在不同比例距离处的压力云图

Figure 8. Pressure cloud images of pig lung tissue at different proportional distances

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图 9 最大胸廓运动速度与胸肺部表皮压力峰值的关系

Figure 9. Relationship between the maximum thoracic motion velocity and the peak pressure on the chest

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图 10 爆炸试验布置

Figure 10. Layout of the blast test

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图 11 不同爆距下的猪表皮压力曲线

Figure 11. Pressure histories on the chest of pig at different blast distances

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图 12 不同爆距处损伤猪肺的解剖图

Figure 12. Anatomies of pig lungs at different blast distances

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表 1 胸部模型骨骼材料参数

Table 1. Bone material parameters of chest model

骨骼结构	密度/(kg∙m⁻³)	杨氏模量/MPa	泊松比	屈服强度/MPa
胸椎骨	2500	11000	0.40	—
胸椎间盘	1040	300	0.40	—
胸骨皮质骨	2 000	14000	0.30	90
肋间软骨	1500	12.5	0.40	4.9
肋骨松质骨	1000	40	0.45	1.8
肋骨皮质骨	2 000	11500	0.30	90
胸骨松质骨	1000	40	0.45	1.8

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表 2 胸部模型软组织材料参数

Table 2. Soft tissue material parameters of chest model

组织	密度/(kg∙m⁻³)	线性体积模量/MPa	阻尼系数	剪切模量/MPa
心脏	1000	100	0.1	0
肺	288	150	0.4	0.04
胃	1000	4.59	0.1	0
肌肉	1000	2 000	0.4	0.04

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表 3 不同比例距离下冲击波的等效参数

Table 3. The equivalent parameters of the shock wave at each proportional distance

序号	W_TNT/kg	R/m	Z/(m∙kg^−1/3)	Δp_m/kPa	τ₊/ms
1	1.08	2.30	2.27	150	2
2	1.30	2.17	2.00	200	2
3	1.70	2.00	1.66	300	2
4	2.00	1.86	1.48	400	2

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表 4 胸廓运动速度、猪胸肺部表皮压力峰值与肺部损伤的对应关系

Table 4. Relations between thoracic motility velocity, the peak pressure on the chest and the lung injury in pigs

v/(m∙s⁻¹)^[30]	p/kPa	肺损伤
＜3.6	＜232	无伤
3.6～7.5	232～609	微伤至轻伤
4.3～9.8	294～865	轻伤至中伤
7.5～16.9	609～1766	中伤至重伤
>12.8	>1227	50%死亡

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表 5 爆炸试验工况

Table 5. Blast test record

试验编号	猪编号	猪质量/kg	TNT质量/kg	爆距/m	比例距离/(m∙kg^−1/3)
1	1#	24.0	10	5.0	2.32
	2#	25.5	10	6.0	2.78
	3#	27.0	10	7.0	3.25
2	4#	27.5	10	3.5	1.62
	5#	24.5	10	4.0	1.86
	6#	24.0	10	4.0	1.86
3	7#	24.0	10	2.5	1.16
	8#	25.5	10	3.0	1.39
	9#	26.0	10	4.0	1.86

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表 6 各个工况下猪肺部解剖伤情

Table 6. Anatomical injuries of pig lungs at various blast distances

爆距/m	肺部解剖伤情	解剖结果（AIS评估）
7.0	没有明显损伤	无伤
6.0	轻微损伤	轻微肺损伤
5.0	轻微损伤	轻微肺损伤
4.0	气管没有异常，左肺出血，右肺出血较严重	轻度肺损伤
3.0	气管没有异常，左肺出血较严重，右肺出血严重	中度到重度肺损伤
2.5	气管中有大量血沫，左肺出血较严重，右肺出血非常严重	重度肺损伤

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表 7 猪肺伤情汇总与损伤判据判断伤情

Table 7. Summary of pig lung injury and the injury criterion determines the severity of the injury

爆距/m	体表压力峰值/kPa	解剖结果（AIS评估）	预测结果（本文损伤关系）
7.0	128	无伤	无伤
6.0	270	轻微肺损伤	微伤至轻伤
5.0	403	轻微肺损伤	微伤至轻伤
4.0	559	轻度肺损伤	轻伤至中伤
3.0	1253	中度到重度肺损伤	中伤至重伤
2.5	1600	重度肺损伤	50%死亡

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