Experiment of fast cook-off safety characteristic for penetrator
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摘要: 为了考核大尺寸侵彻弹体的快速烤燃安全特性，利用自行研制的快速烤燃装置开展了实验。将质量为290 kg的侵彻弹体平吊在距航空燃油液面0.4 m的高度进行快速加热，实时采集弹体表面温度并拍摄实验过程，同时测量距弹体质心水平7 m处的反射冲击波超压，最后从加热时间、弹体表面温度、实验后现场破坏情况、反射冲击波超压峰值、反应机理及响应类型等方面对大尺寸侵彻弹体的快速烤燃安全特性进行了详细分析。实验结果表明：侵彻弹体在537 ℃高温中加热16 min 4 s后开始发生剧烈反应，且弹体内腔下方炸药最先响应形成热点，逐渐积聚的高温高压气体将壳体撕裂后快速泄压，在7 m处测量得到的反射冲击波超压峰值为33.622 kPa，远小于该弹体在空气中完全爆轰产生的冲击波超压峰值。综合判断该侵彻弹体的快速烤燃响应类型为爆燃，其安全特性满足要求。Abstract: To evaluate the fast cook-off safety characteristic of the big-size penetrator, an experimental device was designed. The penetrator with a mass of 290 kg was hoisted at a height of 0.4 m from the aviation fuel level for rapid heating. The surface temperature of the penetrator was collected in real time and the whole experimental process was recorded. The reflected shock wave overpressure at a distance of 7 m from the penetrator centroid was measured. The safety characteristic of the big-size penetrator was analyzed in detail in terms of the heating time, the surface temperature of the penetrator, the damage on experimental site, the peak value of the reflected shock wave overpressure, the reaction mechanism and the response type. The results show that the big-size penetrator starts to react violently at a temperature of 537 ℃ for 16 min and 4 s. The bottom explosive of the penetrator first responds to hot spots under continuous high temperature heating, gradually accumulating high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the shell and tearing the shell to quickly release high-pressure. The peak value of the reflected shock wave overpressure at 7 m is 33.622 kPa, which is much smaller than that caused by the penetrator totally detonated in the air. The reaction characteristic of the penetrator is deflagration, and its fast cook-off safety characteristic meets the standard requirement.
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Key words:
- penetrator /
- fast cook-off /
- safety characteristic /
- shock wave overpressure
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图 8 弹体完全爆轰对应的反射冲击波超压峰值曲线
Figure 8. Peak values of the reflected shock wave overpressure vs. distance in case of penetrator complete detonation
表 1 随炉试样力学性能检测结果
Table 1. Mechanical properties of heat treatment specimens
试样 屈服强度/MPa 抗拉强度/MPa 延伸率/% 断面收缩率/% 冲击功/J 断裂韧性/(MPa·m1/2) 1 1364 1762 13.5 53 66.8 77.0 2 1356 1764 14.0 53 68.8 81.2 3 1352 1769 14.0 54 62.7 75.5 4 1344 1767 14.0 53 69.7 − 
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