正多边形基多胞薄壁管的吸能特性

刘亚军; 何玉龙; 刘姗姗; 李志强

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2019-0423

正多边形基多胞薄壁管的吸能特性

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2019-0423

刘亚军^1,,
何玉龙¹,
刘姗姗¹,
李志强^{1, 2, 3, ,}

1.
太原理工大学机械与运载工程学院应用力学研究所，山西太原 030024
2.
太原理工大学材料强度与结构冲击山西省重点实验室，山西太原 030024
3.
太原理工大学力学国家级实验教学示范中心，山西太原 030024

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(11672199，11972244)；山西省自然科学基础研究项目(201601D011011)

详细信息

作者简介:
刘亚军（1993－　），男，硕士研究生，liuyajun0912@link.tyut.edu.cn

通讯作者:
李志强（1973－　），男，博士，教授，lizhiqiang@tyut.edu.cn

中图分类号: O347.1
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-11-04
- 修回日期: 2020-05-21
- 刊出日期: 2020-07-01

Energy absorption capacity of regular polygon-based multi-cell tubes

LIU Yajun^1
,,
HE Yulong¹,
LIU Shanshan¹,
LI Zhiqiang^{1, 2, 3
, ,}

1.
Institute of Applied Mechanics, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
2.
Shanxi Key Laboratory of Material Strength and Structural Impact, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
3.
National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanics Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China

摘要

摘要: 多胞薄壁结构具有轻量化、高比吸能的特点，在汽车、轮船、航空航天等领域得到了广泛的应用。已有研究表明结构的耐撞性与结构的拓扑方式及胞元数量密切相关。为了研究结构形状和拓扑优化对其吸能效果的影响，基于正多边形结构，通过内嵌多边形和外接圆管的方式设计了两类新型多胞薄壁结构，并对这两类多胞薄壁结构进行准静态和落锤冲击实验，利用高速相机记录结构的变形模式，并定量分析了结构的吸能特性。实验结果表明：除正三角形二级内嵌四边形所得结构在准静态加载实验后期出现了局部失稳现象外，其余结构在准静态和落锤冲击实验过程中均保持垂直受压，结构变形模式与吸能效果较好。通过比较两类结构的实验结果得出：不论是在准静态加载还是在落锤冲击的情况下，内嵌多边形结构的各项吸能指标都明显优于外接圆管的结构；同等质量的情况下，内嵌四边形结构的吸能效果明显优于内嵌三角形的结构。
- 多胞薄壁结构 /
- 准静态加载 /
- 落锤冲击 /
- 变形模式 /
- 吸能特性
Abstract: With the characteristics of light weight and high specific energy absorption, multi-cell thin-wall structures have been widely used in automobile, ship, aerospace and other fields. Previous studies have shown that the crashworthiness of a structure is closely related to its topology and cell number. In order to study the influence of the structural shape and topology optimization on energy absorption, based on regular polygon structures, two kinds of new multi-cell thin-wall structures were designed by embedding polygons in the basic structures given and circumscribing circular tubes to them, respectively. Meanwhile, quasi-static compression and drop-hammer impact tests were carried out on the two kinds of multi-cell thin-wall structures. The deformation modes of the structures were captured by high-speed cameras, and their energy absorption characteristics were studied quantitatively. The experimental results show that local instability occurred in the structures obtained by second-order embedding quadrangles into the basic regular triangle tubes in the later stage of the quasi-static loading test; the other structures were compressed vertically in the quasi-static compression and drop hammer impact tests, and their corresponding deformation modes and energy absorption capacities were excellent. By comparing the experimental results of two kinds of structures, following conclusions are drawn: the energy absorption of the polygon-embedded structures is obviously higher than that of the structures by externally circumscribing a circular tube under quasi-static loading and drop hammer impact tests; the energy absorption performance of the quadrangle-embedded structure is obviously better than that of the triangle-embedded structure with the same mass.
- multi-cell thin-wall structure /
- quasi-static loading /
- drop-hammer impact /
- deformation mode /
- energy absorption

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图 1 两类新型薄壁结构

Figure 1. Two types of novel thin-wall structures

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图 2 实验试件

Figure 2. Specimens used in tests

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图 3 准静态轴向压缩实验装置（万能试验机）

Figure 3. Quasi-static axial compression test setup with universal testing machine

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图 4 落锤冲击实验装置

Figure 4. Drop-hammer impact experimental setups

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图 5 两类结构4个试件在准静态加载时的典型变形模式与力-位移曲线之间的对应关系

Figure 5. Typical deformation modes and their corresponding force-displacement curves for four specimens of two kinds of structures under quasi-static axial compression

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图 6 准静态加载能量-位移曲线

Figure 6. Energy-displacement curves under quasi-static axial compression

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图 7 两类结构4个试件在动态冲击实验时的典型变形模式与力-位移曲线之间的对应关系

Figure 7. Typical deformation modes and their corresponding force-displacement curves for four specimens of two kinds of structures under axial impact

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图 8 落锤实验能量-位移曲线

Figure 8. Energy-displacement curves under axial impact

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表 1 准静态加载下的吸能性能指标（加载速度为5 mm/min，压缩位移为65 mm）

Table 1. Energy absorption parameters under quasi-static axial compression (the loading speed is 5 mm/min and the final displacement is 65 mm)

试件编号	试件质量/kg	总吸能/kJ	峰值力/kN	平均压缩力/kN	压缩力效率	比吸能/(kJ·kg⁻¹)
T3-3	0.107	1.88	42.74	28.92	0.68	17.57
T3-4	0.107	2.53	50.19	38.92	0.78	23.64
T3-C	0.113	1.18	35.61	18.15	0.51	10.44
Q4-C	0.113	1.09	34.06	16.77	0.49	9.65

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表 2 落锤实验能量数据

Table 2. Energy data in axial impact tests

试件编号	落锤初始高度/mm	落锤重力势能/kJ	试件被压缩高度/mm	重力势能增量/kJ	总能量/kJ
T3-3	1450	1.86	54.96	0.07	1.93
T3-4	2240	2.87	57.43	0.07	2.94
T3-C	733	0.94	44.98	0.06	1.00
Q4-C	954	1.22	55.01	0.07	1.29

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表 3 落锤实验吸能性能指标

Table 3. Energy absorption parameters under axial impact

试件编号	质量/kg	总吸能/kJ	峰值力/kN	平均压缩力/kN	压缩力效率	单位位移比吸能/(kJ·kg⁻¹·mm⁻¹)
T3-3	0.108	1.93	51.52	35.12	0.68	0.325
T3-4	0.107	2.94	70.20	51.19	0.73	0.478
T3-C	0.114	1.00	38.94	22.43	0.58	0.195
Q4-C	0.113	1.29	39.82	23.45	0.59	0.208

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