Direct-impact double-loading Hopkinson bar technique
-
摘要: 利用传统分离式霍普金森压杆（split Hopkinson pressure bar, SHPB）实验技术来实现试件在较低应变率下的大变形时，需要使用超长的压杆系统，杆件的加工和实验空间限制了该技术的推广应用。鉴于此，提出一种直撞式霍普金森压杆二次加载实验技术，利用透射杆中的应力波在其末端的准刚性壁反射实现对试件的二次加载，并分析了准刚性质量块尺寸对二次加载的影响规律；采用二点波分离方法对叠加的应力波进行了有效分离和计算，在总长4 m的压杆系统中实现了1.2 ms的长历时加载，并可以准确获得试件的加载应变率曲线和应力应变关系。建立了直撞式霍普金森压杆二次加载有限元模型，数值仿真结果表明，该实验技术能有效地实现试件的二次加载，与超长SHPB系统获得的仿真结果相比较，两者的试件应力应变关系完全一致。利用该技术对1100铝合金材料进行动态压缩实验，实现了其在102 s−1量级应变率下的大变形动态力学性能测试。Abstract: When the conventional split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) experimental method is used to realize large deformation of the specimen at a low strain rate, it is often necessary to employ an ultra-long compression bar system. However, the high cost of machining long bars and occupying large laboratory space limits the application and generalization of this technique. In this paper, a direct impact Hopkinson pressure bar double loading experimental technique is proposed. The stress wave in the transmission bar is reflected by the quasi-rigid wall at the end of the transmission bar to realize the double loading of the specimen. The influence of the size of the quasi-rigid mass on the double loading is further analyzed. The two-point wave separation method is used to separate and calculate the superimposed stress wave effectively, and the long duration loading of 1.2 ms is realized in the pressure bar system with a total length of 4 m, and the strain rate curve and stress-strain relationship of the specimen are obtained accurately. The finite element model of both direct-impact double loading and ultra-long Hopkinson bars are established. Numerical results indicate that this experimental technique can effectively achieve double loading of the specimen. Comparing the simulation results of direct-impact double loading Hopkinson bar with those of ultra-long Hopkinson bars, it is evident that the stress-strain relationships obtained by the two experimental devices are completely consistent. For direct-impact double loading Hopkinson bar, the stress-strain relationship calculated by the two-point wave separation technique is the same as that obtained by direct extraction method. Then, an experimental device of direct impact double-loading Hopkinson pressure bar has been set up, including a strike bar, a transmission bar and a rigid block. In addition, the dynamic compression experiment of aluminum alloy was carried out using this device, and the large deformation dynamic mechanical properties of aluminum alloy were tested under the strain rate of 102 s−1.
-
Key words:
- SHPB /
- double-loading /
- wave inversion /
- intermediate strain rate loading /
- large deformation
-
图 2 应力波传播的X-t图和σ-v图
Figure 2. Stress wave propagation X-t diagram and stress-velocity σ-v diagram
图 3 不同条件下的应变率时程曲线
Figure 3. Strain rate time history curves under different conditions
图 6 不同撞击杆长度对加载的影响
Figure 6. Influence of different strike bar length on loading process
图 10 速度为5.81 m/s时的原始波形、分离的左右行波以及试件端面的速度和力
Figure 10. The original waveform, the separated left and right traveling waves, and the velocity and force at the end face of the specimen with a velocity of 5.81 m/s
-
[1] SONG B, SYN C J, GRUPIDO C L, et al. A long split Hopkinson pressure bar (LSHPB) for intermediate-rate characterization of soft materials [J]. Experimental Mechanics, 2008, 48(6): 809–815. DOI: 10.1007/s11340-007-9095-z. [2] ZHAO H, GARY G. A new method for the separation of waves. Application to the SHPB technique for an unlimited duration of measurement [J]. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, 1997, 45(7): 1185–1202. DOI: 10.1016/S0022-5096(96)00117-2. [3] SHIM J, MOHR D. Using split Hopkinson pressure bars to perform large strain compression tests on polyurea at low, Intermediate and High Strain Rates [J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2009, 36(9): 1116–1127. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2008.12.010. [4] DHARAN C K H, HAUSER F E. Determination of stress-strain characteristics at very high strain rates [J]. Experimental Mechanics, 1970, 10(9): 370–376. DOI: 10.1007/BF02320419. [5] WULF G L. The high strain rate compression of 7039 aluminium [J]. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 1978, 20(9): 609–615. DOI: 10.1016/0020-7403(78)90019-X. [6] GORHAM D A, POPE P H, FIELD J E. An improved method for compressive stress-strain measurements at very high strain rates [J]. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 1992, 438(1902): 153–170. DOI: 10.1098/rspa.1992.0099. [7] SHIOIRI J, SAKINO K, SANTOH S. Strain rate sensitivity of flow stress at very high rates of strain [M]//KAWATA K, SHIOIRI J. Constitutive Relation in High/Very High Strain Rates. Tokyo: Springer, 1996. DOI: 10.1007/978-4-431-65947-1_6. [8] ZHAO H, ELNASRI I, ABDENNADHER S. An experimental study on the behaviour under impact loading of metallic cellular materials [J]. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 2005, 47(4/5): 757–774. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2004.12.012. [9] LIU J G, HE S Y, ZHAO H, et al. Experimental investigation on the dynamic behaviour of metal foam: from yield to densification [J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2018, 114: 69–77. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2017.12.016. [10] 陈浩, 郭鑫, 宋力. 直接撞击式大变形霍普金森压杆实验技术 [J]. 宁波大学学报(理工版), 2018, 31(4): 70–73. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5132.2018.04.012.CHEN H, GUO X, SONG L. A direct impact Hopkinson pressure bar technique for material testing in large deformation [J]. Journal of Ningbo University (Natural Science & Engineering Edition), 2018, 31(4): 70–73. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5132.2018.04.012. [11] GILAT A, SEIDT J D, MATRKA T A, et al. A new device for tensile and compressive testing at intermediate strain rates [J]. Experimental Mechanics, 2019, 59(5): 725–731. DOI: 10.1007/s11340-019-00488-1. [12] WHITTINGTON W R, OPPEDAL A L, FRANCIS D K, et al. A novel intermediate strain rate testing device: The serpentine transmitted bar [J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2015, 81: 1–7. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2015.02.009. [13] LINDHOLM U S. Some experiments with the split Hopkinson pressure bar [J]. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, 1964, 12(5): 317–335. DOI: 10.1016/0022-5096(64)90028-6. [14] XIA K, CHEN R, HUANG S, et al. Controlled multipulse loading with a stuffed striker in classical split Hopkinson pressure bar testing [J]. Review of Scientific Instruments, 2008, 79(5): 053906. DOI: 10.1063/1.2928810. [15] 巫绪涛, 胡时胜, 张芳荣. 两点应变测量法在SHPB测量技术上的运用 [J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2003, 23(4): 309–312.WU X T, HU S S, ZHANG F R. Application of two-point strain measurement to the SHPB technique [J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2003, 23(4): 309–312. [16] LUNDBERG B, HENCHOZ A. Analysis of elastic waves from two-point strain measurement [J]. Experimental Mechanics, 1977, 17(6): 213–218. DOI: 10.1007/BF02324491. [17] YANAGIHARA N. The new measuring method of impact force [J]. Bulletin of JSME, 1978, 21(157): 1085–1088. DOI: 10.1299/jsme1958.21.1085. [18] 王礼立. 应力波基础 [M]. 2版. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 2005: 47–50.WANG L L. Foundation of stress waves [M]. 2nd ed. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 2005: 47–50. [19] OTHMAN R. Wave separation techniques [M]//OTHMAN R. The Kolsky-Hopkinson Bar Machine: Selected Topics. Cham: Springer, 2018: 183–203. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-71919-1_7. [20] JOHNSON G R, COOK W H. Fracture characteristics of three metals subjected to various strains, strain rates, temperatures and pressures [J]. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 1985, 21(1): 31–48. DOI: 10.1016/0013-7944(85)90052-9. 期刊类型引用(12)
1. 包健，马贵辉，孙龙泉，陈惟楚，李明. 带椭球形气囊航行体落水-上浮过程仿真. 兵工学报. 2024(01): 206-218 . 
百度学术2. 职明洋，燕国军，孙龙泉，王鹏霄. 带气囊结构航行体入水回收动力学特性研究. 力学学报. 2024(04): 943-959 . 百度学术3. 郑伟，李强，范旭东，吕续舰. 跨介质航行器高速入水降载方法研究综述. 水下无人系统学报. 2024(03): 411-425 . 百度学术4. 彭睿哲，冯和英，向敏，彭叶辉. 头部喷气对跨介质航行体入水过程载荷特性的影响. 舰船科学技术. 2024(13): 59-66 . 百度学术5. 程时锃，陈浩，梁晶，胡慕秋，张凯. 跨介质滑翔器机翼设计与气动特性数值模拟. 舰船科学技术. 2024(19): 92-99 . 百度学术6. 王占莹，权晓波，段金雄，孙铁志. 波浪环境下带助浮装置航行体落水冲击流场及运动特性研究. 爆炸与冲击. 2024(11): 141-158 . 
本站查看7. 王聪，许海雨，卢佳兴. 跨介质航行器入水多相流场及运动特性研究现状与展望. 水下无人系统学报. 2023(01): 38-49 . 百度学术8. 黄恩光，彭辉，毛龙，杨威，郑强，姚俊，余维维. 某型气囊充气展开过程研究. 包装工程. 2022(03): 169-174 . 百度学术9. 施瑶 ，刘振鹏 ，潘光 ，高兴甫 . 航行体梯度密度式头帽结构设计及降载性能分析. 力学学报. 2022(04): 939-953 . 百度学术10. 施瑶，刘振鹏，潘光，高兴甫. 航行体开槽包裹式缓冲头帽结构设计及其降载性能. 爆炸与冲击. 2022(12): 95-107 . 本站查看11. 薛齐文，王霄腾，何宜谦，郭敏，刘旭东，鄂智佳. 不同折叠形式的柱状气囊展开过程数值模拟. 航空工程进展. 2021(03): 161-170 . 百度学术12. 杨威，屈纯，毛龙，舒君玲，牛同锋，姚俊. 气囊压力对跌倒防护气囊缓冲效果的实验研究. 应用力学学报. 2021(04): 1738-1744 . 百度学术其他类型引用(12)
-
下载:
百度学术
图(11)
计量
- 文章访问数: 609
- HTML全文浏览量: 145
- PDF下载量: 209
- 被引次数: 24