Gasoline vapor leakage and explosion law of an oil tank adjacent to fire

When the oil depot is in fire, a large amount of gasoline vapor is formed by the heat absorption of oil in an adjacent gasoline tank with a fixed top. The gasoline vapor is ignited after mixing with air, which is likely to cause combustion and explosion accidents. In this paper, the gasoline vapor leaked from a tank of 5 000 m³ ($\varnothing$22 m×13 m) is taken as the research object, the law of gas vapor leakage and explosion is researched by numerical simulation. It is found that the area beyond 50 m away from the tank center is safe at 1 m above the ground if there is no wind and the gasoline vapor leakage velocity is 0.25 m/s. It is not easy to accumulate into the flammable gasoline vapor as the gasoline vapor leakage velocity from the breathing valve is 0.25 m/s, and the wind speed reaches 5.0 m/s and above. As there is no wind and the gasoline vapor leakage velocity from the breathing valve is increased by 1 order of magnitude, the time to half of the lower flammability limit is reduced by 2 orders of magnitude. When the wind speed is 3.0 m/s, the gasoline vapor leaking velocity is 0.25 m/s, and the leakage time is 200 s, the peak overpressure is reduced by 1−2 orders of magnitude if the distance to the ignition source is increased by 1 order of magnitude.