On “pump theory” and “wave theory” of cardiac function

WANG Hui; WANG Lili; MIAO Fuxing; GONG Wenbo; HUAN Shi; XU Chong

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2020-0386

Volume 40 Issue 11

Nov. 2020

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WANG Hui, WANG Lili, MIAO Fuxing, GONG Wenbo, HUAN Shi, XU Chong. On “pump theory” and “wave theory” of cardiac function[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves, 2020, 40(11): 111101. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2020-0386

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WANG Hui, WANG Lili, MIAO Fuxing, GONG Wenbo, HUAN Shi, XU Chong. On “pump theory” and “wave theory” of cardiac function[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves, 2020, 40(11): 111101. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2020-0386

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On “pump theory” and “wave theory” of cardiac function

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2020-0386

1.
WANG Hui Workroom, Ningbo Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Impact and Safety Engineering, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
3.
Jihua Laboratory, Foshan 528200, Guangdong, China

Received Date: 2020-10-14
Rev Recd Date: 2020-10-21
Publish Date: 2020-11-05

Abstract

Abstract

The “pump theory” and “wave theory” of cardiac function are analyzed. It is shown that the heart plays a role actually not as a pump but as a pulse generator, producing a series of pulse waves that carry energy. Each pulse wave consists of an ascending branch and a descending branch. The former corresponds to a loading process, in which the pressure, particle velocity, energy as well as oxygen saturation all increase with time. While the latter corresponds to an unloading process, in which the pressure, particle velocity, energy as well as oxygen saturation all decrease, up to zero. So the concepts proposed in the “pump theory”, such as the Windkessel effect, one engine-two pump and diastolic pump, all do not hold up. The cardiac power of about 1.5 W essentially represents the power of each pulse wave. Aimed at the characteristic that the pulse wave is a complex wave with fluid-solid coupling and longitudinal wave-transverse wave coupling, it is shown that the main part of energy (99.99%) is carried by the transverse waves, which propagate along the solid blood-vessel so that the dissipation is low and the efficiency is high. Moreover, it is shown that the increase of generalized wave impedance at the vascular branches may help to counteract the attenuation and dissipation of pulse waves and increase the pulse pressure propagating into the branches, which may be regarded as a kind of self-regulation mechanism of human body.
- cardiac function,
- pump theory,
- wave theory,
- traditional Chinese medicine (TCM),
- pulse wave

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References(23)

References

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