Blasting damage characteristics of surrounding rock around the arch foot of horseshoe tunnel

XU Bangshu; DU Nianwei; WANG Shuaishuai; ZHOU Ren; GAO Xuan; ZHANG Wanzhi

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2024-0254

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Explosion And Shock Waves > 2024 >

XU Bangshu, DU Nianwei, WANG Shuaishuai, ZHOU Ren, GAO Xuan, ZHANG Wanzhi. Blasting damage characteristics of surrounding rock around the arch foot of horseshoe tunnel[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2024-0254

Citation:

XU Bangshu, DU Nianwei, WANG Shuaishuai, ZHOU Ren, GAO Xuan, ZHANG Wanzhi. Blasting damage characteristics of surrounding rock around the arch foot of horseshoe tunnel[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2024-0254

Citation:

PDF( 5121 KB)

Blasting damage characteristics of surrounding rock around the arch foot of horseshoe tunnel

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2024-0254

1.
School of Qilu Transportationg, Shandong University, Jinan 250000, Shandong, China
2.
CCCC-SHEC Design & Research Institute General, Xi'an 710100, Shaanxi, China
3.
School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, Sichuan, China

Received Date: 2024-07-24
Rev Recd Date: 2024-09-03

Available Online: 2024-09-06

Abstract

Abstract

To address the issues of over-excavation at the tunnel arch foot due to the difficulty of forming the perimeter hole blasting and under-excavation at the tunnel face bottom, the damage characteristics of surrounding rock caused by perimeter hole blasting at the arch foot of a horseshoe-shaped tunnel were studied through a combination of theoretical calculations and numerical simulations. On the theoretical level, an in-depth analysis of the stress distribution and crack radius in the arch foot area was conducted based on the principles of blasting mechanics, and the theoretical charge length for the perimeter holes at the arch foot was derived. Building on this, a 3D numerical model of the perimeter holes at the arch foot was established through numerical simulation. During the modeling process, the damage evolution in the surrounding rock during blasting was simulated by introducing an appropriate damage model, and post-blast damage cloud maps were generated. By comparing the damage cloud maps under different conditions, the relationship between blasting effectiveness and parameters such as free surface shape, charge amount, and void deflection angle was analyzed, further revealing the mechanisms by which these parameters influence the blasting formation results, which were validated through field experiments. The research results indicate that the shape of the free surface significantly impacts the extent of surrounding rock damage and the energy utilization efficiency of explosives. A concave free surface results in a smaller damage range compared to a flat free surface, with greater rock confinement, making it difficult for the explosives to effectively fracture the surrounding rock, leading to an energy utilization rate of only 78%. The blasting effectiveness shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase in charge amount, with the optimal blasting effectiveness achieved when the linear charge density of the perimeter holes at the arch foot is 0.624. Additionally, by setting voids and adjusting the void deflection angle, the blasting effectiveness of the perimeter holes at the arch foot can be improved. With the optimized blasting parameters, the maximum linear over-excavation at the arch foot was reduced by 53.1%, resulting in a smooth tunnel contour. The research outcomes are engineeringly feasible and provide valuable insights for similar projects.
- tunnel blasting,
- urrounding rock damage,
- perimeter holes at the foot of the arch,
- concave free surface,
- deviation angle of the uncharged hole

FullText(HTML)

References(24)

References

[1]	潘强, 张继春, 石洪超, 等. 单孔不耦合装药爆破的岩体损伤分布特征研究 [J]. 振动与冲击, 2019, 38(18): 264–269. DOI: 10.13465/j.cnki.jvs.2019.18.037. PAN Q, ZHANG J C, SHI H C, et al. Distribution characteristics of the rock mass damage caused by single-hole decoupling charge blasting [J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2019, 38(18): 264–269. DOI: 10.13465/j.cnki.jvs.2019.18.037.
[2]	王新宇, 邵珠山. 马蹄形隧道初期支护内力反演分析的理论研究 [J]. 现代隧道技术, 2014, 51(6): 83–88. DOI: 10.13807/j.cnki.mtt.2014.06.014. WANG X Y, SHAO Z S. Theoretical research on the inverse analysis of the internal force of the primary support in a horseshoe tunnel [J]. Modern Tunnelling Technology, 2014, 51(6): 83–88. DOI: 10.13807/j.cnki.mtt.2014.06.014.
[3]	徐帮树, 张万志, 石伟航, 等. 节理裂隙层状岩体隧道掘进爆破参数试验研究 [J]. 中国矿业大学学报, 2019, 48(6): 1248–1255. DOI: 10.13247/j.cnki.jcumt.001080. XU B S, ZHANG W Z, SHI W H, et al. Experimental study of parameters of tunneling blasting in jointed layered rock mass [J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 2019, 48(6): 1248–1255. DOI: 10.13247/j.cnki.jcumt.001080.
[4]	李启月, 魏新傲, 郑静, 等. Ⅳ级围岩大断面隧道全断面开挖轮廓控制研究与应用 [J]. 公路交通科技, 2020, 37(3): 88–95. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-0268.2020.03.011. LI Q Y, WEI X A, ZHENG J, et al. Study and application of profile control for full section excavation of large section tunnel in grade Ⅳ surrounding rock [J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2020, 37(3): 88–95. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-0268.2020.03.011.
[5]	龚斌, 唐春安. 马蹄形隧道围岩非线性变形破坏的数值模拟研究 [J]. 水利与建筑工程学报, 2019, 17(3): 28–32,54. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-1144.2019.03.004. GONG B, TANG C A. Numerical simulation of the nonlinear deformation and failure of surrounding rocks around horseshoe tunnel [J]. Journal of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, 2019, 17(3): 28–32,54. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-1144.2019.03.004.
[6]	马乐, 张万志, 刘成龙, 等. Ⅲ级硬岩隧道全断面光面爆破试验研究 [J]. 爆破, 2023, 40(3): 46–51, 67. DOI: 10.3963/j.issn.1001-487X.2023.03.007. MA L, ZHANG W Z, LIU C L, et al. Experimental study on full face smooth blasting of tunnel in class Ⅲ hard rock [J]. Blasting, 2023, 40(3): 46–51, 67. DOI: 10.3963/j.issn.1001-487X.2023.03.007.
[7]	杨赛群, 李洪伟, 吴立辉, 等. 影响光面爆破效果和空孔处能量分布的试验研究 [J]. 工程爆破, 2022, 28(6): 58–65. DOI: 10.19931/j.EB.20210311. YANG S Q, LI H W, WU L H, et al. Experimental study on effect of smooth blasting and energy distribution at empty hole [J]. Engineering Blasting, 2022, 28(6): 58–65. DOI: 10.19931/j.EB.20210311.
[8]	赵晓明, 杨玉民, 蒋楠, 等. 深埋引水隧洞光面爆破周边孔装药结构优化试验研究 [J]. 高压物理学报, 2022, 36(4): 045301. DOI: 10.11858/gywlxb.20220503. ZHAO X M, YANG Y M, JIANG N, et al. Optimization of charging structure of surrounding holes in smooth blasting of deep diversion tunnel [J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 2022, 36(4): 045301. DOI: 10.11858/gywlxb.20220503.
[9]	周磊, 朱哲明, 刘邦, 等. 马蹄形隧道拱脚裂纹对围岩稳定性的影响 [J]. 岩土工程学报, 2020, 42(1): 91–99. DOI: 10.11779/CJGE202001010. ZHOU L, ZHU Z M, LIU B, et al. Influence of arch foot crack on stability of surrounding rock mass in horseshoe-shaped tunnels [J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2020, 42(1): 91–99. DOI: 10.11779/CJGE202001010.
[10]	CHABOCHE J L. Development of continuum damage mechanics for elastic solids sustaining anisotropic and unilateral damage [J]. International Journal of Damage Mechanics, 1993, 2(4): 311–329. DOI: 10.1177/105678959300200401.
[11]	李盟, 朱哲明, 肖定军, 等. 煤矿岩巷爆破掘进过程中周边眼对裂纹扩展止裂机理 [J]. 煤炭学报, 2017, 42(7): 1691–1699. DOI: 10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.2016.1226. LI M, ZHU Z M, XIAO D J, et al. Mechanism of crack arrest by peripheral holes during mine rock roadway excavation under blasting [J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2017, 42(7): 1691–1699. DOI: 10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.2016.1226.
[12]	汪海波, 宗琦, 赵要才. 立井大直径中空孔直眼掏槽爆炸应力场数值模拟分析与应用 [J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2015, 34(S1): 3223–3229. DOI: 10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2014.0296. WANG H B, ZONG Q, ZHAO Y C. Numerical analysis and application of large diameter cavity parallel cut blasting stress field in vertical shaft [J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2015, 34(S1): 3223–3229. DOI: 10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2014.0296.
[13]	杨仁树, 陈程, 王煦, 等. 不同直径空孔对爆生裂纹扩展行为影响规律的实验研究 [J]. 煤炭学报, 2017, 42(10): 2498–2503. DOI: 10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.2017.0240. YANG R S, CHEN C, WANG X, et al. Experimental investigation on the influence of different diameter empty holes on the crack growth behavior of blasting [J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2017, 42(10): 2498–2503. DOI: 10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.2017.0240.
[14]	CHO S H, NAKAMURA Y, MOHANTY B, et al. Numerical study of fracture plane control in laboratory-scale blasting [J]. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 2008, 75(13): 3966–3984. DOI: 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2008.02.007.
[15]	蒲传金, 杨鑫, 肖定军, 等. 爆炸载荷下双孔裂纹扩展的数值模拟研究 [J]. 振动与冲击, 2022, 41(15): 300–311. DOI: 10.13465/j.cnki.jvs.2022.15.037. PU C J, YANG X, XIAO D J, et al. Numerical simulation of double-hole crack propagation under explosion load [J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2022, 41(15): 300–311. DOI: 10.13465/j.cnki.jvs.2022.15.037.
[16]	牛永朕, 苏霈洋, 李智深, 等. 空孔对裂纹扩展行为影响规律研究 [J]. 煤炭技术, 2023, 42(9): 134–139. DOI: 10.13301/j.cnki.ct.2023.09.027. NIU Y Z, SU P Y, LI Z S, et al. Research on influence law of hollow holes on crack propagation behavior [J]. Coal Technology, 2023, 42(9): 134–139. DOI: 10.13301/j.cnki.ct.2023.09.027.
[17]	戴俊. 岩石动力学特性与爆破理论 [M]. 2版. 北京: 冶金工业出版社, 2013. DAI J. Dynamic behaviors and blasting theory of rock [M]. 2nd ed. Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press, 2013.
[18]	朱红兵, 卢文波, 吴亮. 空气间隔装药爆破机理研究 [J]. 岩土力学, 2007, 28(5): 986–990. DOI: 10.16285/j.rsm.2007.05.025. ZHU H B, LU W B, WU L. Research on mechanism of air-decking technique in bench blasting [J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2007, 28(5): 986–990. DOI: 10.16285/j.rsm.2007.05.025.
[19]	戴俊. 柱状装药爆破的岩石压碎圈与裂隙圈计算 [J]. 辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版), 2001, 20(2): 144–147. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0562.2001.02.005. DAI J. Calculation of radii of the broken and cracked areas in rock by a long charge explosion [J]. Journal of Liaoning Technical University (Natural Science), 2001, 20(2): 144–147. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0562.2001.02.005.
[20]	张万志, 徐帮树, 葛颜慧, 等. 隧道拱部穿越页岩爆破开挖方法及参数试验研究 [J]. 振动与冲击, 2022, 41(15): 90–98. DOI: 10.13465/j.cnki.jvs.2022.15.012. ZHANG W Z, XU B S, GE Y H, et al. Blasting excavation method and parametric tests for tunnel arch crossing shale [J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2022, 41(15): 90–98. DOI: 10.13465/j.cnki.jvs.2022.15.012.
[21]	余绍山, 王薇, 李姚伟奇. 周边眼偏位空孔爆破设计优化研究与应用 [J]. 铁道科学与工程学报, 2024, 21(4): 1509–1520. DOI: 10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.T20230931. YU S S, WANG W, LI Y W Q. Research and application of offset hole for peripheral blasting design and optimization [J]. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering, 2024, 21(4): 1509–1520. DOI: 10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.T20230931.
[22]	BORRVALL T, SWEDEN L, RIEDEL W. The RHT concrete model in LS-DYNA [C]//Proceedings of the 8th European LS-DYNA Users Conference. Strasbourg, 2011.
[23]	皇新宇, 纪强, 张宪堂, 等. 地应力作用下四孔掏槽爆破破岩机理数值模拟研究 [J]. 山东科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2022, 41(2): 60–69. DOI: 10.16452/j.cnki.sdkjzk.2022.02.007. HUANG X Y, JI Q, ZHANG X T, et al. Numerical simulation research on rock breaking mechanism of four-hole cut blasting under ground stress [J]. Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology (Natural Science), 2022, 41(2): 60–69. DOI: 10.16452/j.cnki.sdkjzk.2022.02.007.
[24]	毕程程, 王志亮, 石高扬, 等. 初始体积分数法在爆炸模拟中的应用 [J]. 工程爆破, 2017, 23(4): 26–33, 38. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7051.2017.04.006. BI C C, WANG Z L, SHI G Y, et al. The application of initial volume fraction method in explosion simulation [J]. Engineering Blasting, 2017, 23(4): 26–33, 38. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7051.2017.04.006.