高强钢弹体高速侵彻混凝土靶的刚体临界侵彻速度研究

钱秉文; 周刚; 李名锐; 尹立新; 高鹏飞; 陈春林; 马坤

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2022-0309

高强钢弹体高速侵彻混凝土靶的刚体临界侵彻速度研究

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2022-0309

西北核技术研究院，陕西西安 710024

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金青年基金（11802248）

详细信息

作者简介:
钱秉文（1987－　），男，博士，副研究员，qianbingwen@nint.ac.cn

通讯作者:
周　刚（1964－　），男，博士，研究员，博士生导师，gzhou@nint.ac.cn

中图分类号: O385
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-07-18
- 修回日期: 2024-04-30
- 网络出版日期: 2024-05-06

Rigid-body critical transformation velocity of a high-strength steel projectile penetrating concrete targets at high velocities

Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi’an 710024, Shaanxi, China

摘要

摘要: 刚体临界侵彻速度的理论准确预测分析是高强钢弹体高速侵彻混凝土靶研究中的关键问题，本文中利用二级轻气炮开展了克级高强钢（G50）卵形头长杆弹以1010~1660 m/s的速度侵彻C40混凝土靶实验研究，获取了刚体临界侵彻速度和侵彻深度实验数据，并开展了刚体临界侵彻速度和考虑弹体头部磨蚀的侵彻深度理论分析，得到结论如下：(1)克级G50卵形头长杆弹侵彻C40混凝土靶时的刚体临界侵彻速度区间为1320~1520 m/s；(2)基于已有侵彻模型，建立了新的刚体临界侵彻速度理论模型，模型计算结果与本文及文献中的系列实验结果吻合较好；(3)建立了考虑头部侵蚀的侵彻深度模型，与实验结果吻合较好；(4)弹体屈服强度对刚体临界侵彻速度有显著影响，靶体无围压抗压强度对刚体临界侵彻速度有较小影响，实验前的弹体头形系数和弹体尺寸对刚体临界侵彻速度无显著影响。
- 高速侵彻 /
- 刚体临界侵彻速度 /
- 高强钢 /
- 混凝土 /
- 二级轻气炮
Abstract: The accurate prediction of the critical penetration speed of a rigid body is a key issue in the study of high-strength steel projectile penetration into concrete targets at high velocities. This paper conducts experimental research on the penetration of C40 concrete targets by high-strength steel (G50) ogive-nosed long rod projectiles at the velocities of 1010 to 1660 m/s using a two-stage light gas gun, obtaining experimental data on the critical penetration velocity and penetration depth of the rigid body. Theoretical analysis of the critical penetration velocity of the rigid body and the penetration depth considering the projectile head erosion is also carried out, and the following conclusions are drawn: (1) the interval of the critical penetration velocity for G50 ogive-nosed long rod projectiles penetrating C40 concrete targets is 1320 to 1520 m/s; (2) based on existing penetration models, a new theoretical model for the critical penetration velocity of the rigid body was established, and the calculated results of the model are in good agreement with the experimental results of this paper and the literature; (3) a penetration depth model considering head erosion was established, which also matches the experimental results well; (4) the yield strength of the projectile has a significant effect on the critical penetration velocity of the rigid body, the unconfined compressive strength of the target has a minor effect on the critical penetration velocity, and the shape coefficient and size of the projectile before the experiment have no significant effect on the critical penetration velocity.
- high-speed penetration /
- rigid-body critical transformation velocity /
- high-strength steel /
- concrete /
- two-stage light-gas gun

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图 1 超高速撞击实验安排示意图

Figure 1. Setup for hypervelocity impact experiments

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图 2 弹体气动分离的高速摄影照片

Figure 2. High-speed photographic photos of aerodynamic separation of the projectile

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图 3 高强钢弹体结构示意图（单位为mm)

Figure 3. Structure diagram of high-strength steel projectiles (unit in mm)

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图 4 混凝土靶

Figure 4. Concrete targets

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图 5 实验得到的侵彻深度和弹体质量损失率随撞击速度的变化

Figure 5. Changes of penetration depth and mass loss ratio of the projectile with impact velocity

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图 6 实验后的弹体和靶体照片

Figure 6. Photos of the projectiles and the targets after the experiments

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图 7 不同模型计算结果与实验结果的对比

Figure 7. Comparison of the calculation results by different models with the experimental ones

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图 8 不同弹靶组合得到的刚体临界速度区间实验值与计算值的对比

Figure 8. Comparison of experimental values and calculated values of critical velocity range of rigid body obtained by different projectile combinations

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图 9 刚体临界侵彻速度的计算值随弹体材料的静态屈服强度和靶体无围压抗压强度的变化关系

Figure 9. Variation of the calculated critical rigid-body penetration velocity with the static yield strength of the projectile materials and the unconfined compressive strength of the target

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表 1 高速侵彻实验结果

Table 1. High-velocity penetration experiment results

实验编号	ν₀/(m∙s⁻¹)	P/mm	L_pr/mm	β_L/%	M_pr/g	β_m/%
1	1 010	193	30.30	2.8	1.70	2.2
2	1 150	215	30.00	3.9	1.67	3.3
3	1 320	255	28.70	10.6	1.62	5.8
4	1 410	250	29.28	8.8	1.56	9.1
5	1 520	175	20.90	33.0	1.22	29.1
6	1 660	120	14.77	54.0	0.96	44.0

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表 2 不同弹靶组合得到的刚体临界侵彻速度实验值与计算值的对比

Table 2. Comparison of experimental and calculated critical rigid-body penetration velocities obtained by different projectile-target combinations

编号	$ \psi $	弹体材料	σ_s/MPa	m₀/g	f_c/MPa	v_r/(m∙s⁻¹)
编号	$ \psi $	弹体材料	σ_s/MPa	m₀/g	f_c/MPa	实验	计算
Case 1^[4]	4.25	60Si2Mn	1200	约150	76.4	1120～1430	1194
Case 2^[4]	4.25	60Si2Mn	1200	约150	61.3	1110～1470	1215
Case 3^[4]	4.25	60Si2Mn	1200	约150	48.6	1140～1410	1235
Case 4^[4]	9.25	60Si2Mn	1200	约150	48.6	1120～1345	1235
Case 5^[4]	4.25	35CrMnSi	1275	约150	76.4	1235～1385	1244
Case 6^[4]	4.25	60Si2Mn	1200	约150	34.8	1180～1420	1260
Case 10^[4]	4.25	40CrNiMo	1610	约150	76.4	>1390	1448
Case 7^[1]	4.25	4340钢	1258	478	62.8	1024～1224	1251
Case 8^[1]	4.25	4340钢	1258	1600	51	1201～1358	1269
Case 9^本文	3	G50	1340	1.72	42.7	1320～1520	1335

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