混凝土中带壳柱形装药爆炸应力波衰减规律的数值模拟

杨耀宗; 孔祥振; 方秦; 洪智捷; 高矗

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2023-0342

混凝土中带壳柱形装药爆炸应力波衰减规律的数值模拟

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2023-0342

陆军工程大学爆炸冲击防灾减灾国家重点实验室，江苏南京 210007

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52178515）

详细信息

作者简介:
杨耀宗（1998－　），男，博士研究生，yyz542968@163.com

通讯作者:
孔祥振（1988－　），男，博士，副教授，ouckxz@163.com

中图分类号: O385
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-09-15
- 修回日期: 2024-05-15
- 网络出版日期: 2024-05-16

Numerical investigation on attenuation of stress waves in concrete induced by cylindrical cased charge explosion

State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention & Mitigation of Explosion & Impact, PLA Army Engineering University, Nanjing 210007, Jiangsu, China

摘要

摘要: 基于Kong-Fang混凝土材料模型和LS-DYNA中的多物质ALE算法，开展了CF120混凝土中带壳柱形装药爆炸波衰减规律的数值模拟研究：首先基于已有的柱形装药埋置爆炸试验，对数值算法和材料模型参数进行验证；在此基础上，通过定义长径比系数、壳厚比系数以及峰值应力耦合系数定量分析了装药形状、壳体厚度和埋深对峰值应力的影响规律；最后利用数值模拟数据拟合出混凝土中带壳柱形装药爆炸波峰值应力的计算公式。研究结果表明，带壳装药爆炸近区，长径比越大，峰值应力越大，远区则相反，且壳体越厚，峰值应力越大，但存在一个阈值；建立的爆炸波峰值应力计算公式可实现对不同长径比、不同壳体厚度和不同装药埋深的带壳柱形装药爆炸波峰值应力的快速预测，可为结构抗爆设计提供依据。
- 混凝土 /
- 带壳柱形装药 /
- 爆炸波 /
- 峰值应力
Abstract: The warhead of conventional weapons is usually composed of a cylindrical charge and a metal case, in which the metal case can affect the attenuation law of peak stress induced by explosion. Therefore, it is important for the blast-resistant design to clarify the attenuation law of stress waves in CF120 concrete induced by cylindrical cased charge explosion. Based on the Kong-Fang concrete material model and the multi-material arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (MM-ALE) algorithm available in the LS-DYNA, the attenuation law of stress waves in concrete subjected to cylindrical cased charge explosion was numerically investigated in this paper. Firstly, the numerical algorithm and material model parameters were validated against two sets of cylindrical charge explosion tests. Then a series of fully enclosed and partially buried cylindrical charge explosion numerical models were established, in which different aspect ratios, shell thicknesses, and charge buried depths were considered to analyze the influence of charge shape and shell thickness on stress waves in concrete. Finally, an empirical formula for peak stress of compression wave in concrete induced by cylindrical cased charge explosion was presented based on curve-fitting the numerical data. Numerical results demonstrate that the larger the aspect ratio, the higher the peak stress in the near region, while the opposite law takes on in the far region. Besides, increasing the shell thickness will make the peak stress higher, but there is a threshold. The influence of charge shape, shell thickness, and charge buried depth on the peak stress can be quantified by defining the length-diameter ratio, thickness-diameter ratio, and coupling factor of peak stress. The empirical formula for peak stress of compression wave in concrete is valid for varied aspect ratio, shell thickness, and charge buried depth, which can provide a reliable reference for blast-resistant design to estimate the peak stress induced by cylindrical cased charge explosion.
- concrete /
- cylindrical cased charge /
- explosion wave /
- peak stress

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图 1 实验设置和有限元模型示意

Figure 1. Schematic of experiment setup and finite element model

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图 2 测点A应力时程曲线实验数据和数值模拟的对比

Figure 2. Comparison of stress-time histories between experimental data and numerical predictions of Gauge A

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图 3 靶体内部损伤破坏情况

Figure 3. Failure mode inside concrete target

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图 4 带壳装药爆炸的有限元模型示意图和流体状态示意图

Figure 4. Finite element model of cased charge explosion and the fluid state of each part

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图 5 装药正下方0.30～0.60 m/kg^1/3范围内测点应力时程曲线

Figure 5. Stress-time histories of gauges at scaled distances varied from 0.30 to 0.60 m/kg^1/3

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图 6 装药正下方峰值应力

Figure 6. Peak stress below the cylindrical charge

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图 7 长径比系数α的散点图和拟合曲线

Figure 7. Scatter plot and fitting curves of α

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图 8 不同壳体强度的峰值应力散点图

Figure 8. Peak stress for different shell strengths

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图 9 长径比为1的柱形装药正下方峰值应力散点图和拟合曲线

Figure 9. Scatter plot and fitting curve of peak stress below the cylindrical charge with the length-diameter ratio of 1

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图 10 带壳装药埋置爆炸的有限元模型示意图和流体状态示意图

Figure 10. Fnite element model of explosion of buried cased charge and the fluid state of each part

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图 11 不同相对埋深D_r下的峰值应力耦合系数f₀

Figure 11. Coupling coefficient of peak stress (f₀) at different relative buried depth (D_r)

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图 12 完全封闭爆炸工况和相对埋置深度为1的峰值应力对比

Figure 12. Comparison of peak stress between closed explosion and buried explosion with the relative buried depth of 1

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图 13 不同埋深下的长径比系数

Figure 13. Coefficient of length-to-diameter ratio α at different relative buried depth (D_r)

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图 14 埋深D_r对不同壳厚比t/d下峰值应力σ_m的影响

Figure 14. Affection of buried depth (D_r) on peak stress (σ_m) at different ratio of case-thickness to charge-diameter (t/d)

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图 15 壳厚比系数γ随埋深D_r变化

Figure 15. Relation between the coeffient of case-thickness to charge-diameter ratio (γ) and burid depth (D_r)

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表 1 柱形装药尺寸

Table 1. Size of cylindrical charge

l/d	l/m	d/m	l/d	l/m	d/m
1	0.215	0.216	6	0.716	0.118
2	0.346	0.170	8	0.862	0.108
4	0.543	0.136	10	1.000	0.100

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表 2 公式(5)参数取值

Table 2. Parameter values in Eq. (5)

l/d	k	b	c	l/d	k	b	c
1	0	4	1	6	28.9×10⁻⁴	4	0.89
2	3.63×10⁻⁴	4	0.98	8	54.5×10⁻⁴	4	0.86
4	13.4×10⁻⁴	4	0.94	10	93.0×10⁻⁴	4	0.82

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表 3 公式(6)参数取值

Table 3. Parameter values of Eq. (6)

t/d	S	n	t/d	S	n
0	58.5	1.39	0.15	67.8	1.39
0.05	63.1	1.39	0.20	69.0	1.39
0.10	65.9	1.39

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表 4 壳厚比系数取值

Table 4. Values of γ

t/d	0	0.05	0.10	0.15	0.20
γ	1.00	1.08	1.13	1.16	1.18

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表 5 不同相对埋深下的峰值应力耦合系数$f_0 $（比例爆距范围0.47～1.0 m/kg^1/3）

Table 5. Coupling coefficient of peak stress ( f₀) at different relative buried depth (D_r) within the range of 0.47～1.0 m/kg^1/3

D_r	0.00	0.13	0.25	0.37	0.50	0.63	0.75	0.87	1.00
f₀	0.68	0.76	0.81	0.87	0.91	0.94	0.97	0.99	1.00

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表 6 不同埋深$D_{\mathrm{r}} $下的壳厚比系数γ

Table 6. Coeffient of case-thickness to charge-diameter ratio (γ) at different burid depths (D_r)

D_r	γ
D_r	t/d=0	t/d=0.05	t/d=0.10	t/d=0.15	t/d=0.20
0	1	1.14	1.22	1.28	1.28
0.13	1	1.13	1.22	1.28	1.3
0.26	1	1.11	1.19	1.25	1.27
0.37	1	1.10	1.16	1.21	1.23
0.50	1	1.09	1.15	1.19	1.20
0.63	1	1.08	1.13	1.17	1.18
0.75	1	1.08	1.13	1.16	1.17
0.87	1	1.08	1.13	1.16	1.17
1.00	1	1.08	1.13	1.16	1.18

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