Experiment on dynamic mechanical properties of sandstone based on Lagrangian analysis method
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摘要: 为深入研究深部地层中砂岩在冲击荷载作用下的动态力学特性,建立了一种改进的霍普金森压杆实验系统,对灰砂岩长杆试件开展了不同加载速率的动态压缩实验,并结合高速数字相关技术(DIC)监测试件表面位移场和应变场的演化过程,探讨了灰砂岩在近场冲击加载下的拉伸破坏的规律。从 DIC 分析得到的位移场中提取出不同质点位移时程曲线,进行了拉格朗日反分析算法计算,获得了灰砂岩材料的全场应力应变规律。结果表明:灰砂岩长杆试件以拉伸破坏为主,且出现了近加载端破碎、远离加载端层裂的现象;灰砂岩长杆试件的动态抗压强度因子随应变率增大而增大,有明显的应变率效应;随着加载速率升高,各测点应力峰值与应变峰值均呈增大趋势;在同一加载速率下,灰砂岩长杆的应力-应变曲线呈现出近端测点曲线包络远端测点曲线的现象。Abstract: To investigate the dynamic mechanical properties of sandstone in deep strata under impact loads, an improved Hopkinson pressure bar experimental system was established. The traditional Hopkinson pressure bar's transmission rod was replaced with a long rod specimen made of gray sandstone to better simulate deep geological conditions. Point spalling treatment was applied to the specimen, and strain gauges were meticulously affixed at critical measurement points.Dynamic compression experiments were meticulously conducted on the gray sandstone long rod specimen at various loading rates (9.57 m/s, 14.78 m/s, 19.32 m/s, and 27.60 m/s). Utilizing high-speed digital image correlation (DIC) technology, the evolution of displacement and strain fields on the surface of the specimen throughout each test was closely monitored. This advanced technique enabled a detailed exploration of how the gray sandstone responded to near-field impact loading, particularly focusing on its tensile failure characteristics.Employing the Lagrangian analysis method, displacement-time curves for different mass points derived from the DIC analysis of displacement fields were extracted. These curves provided critical data to compute the stress-strain behavior of the gray sandstone material under dynamic loading conditions. The study reveals several key findings: the gray sandstone long rod specimen predominantly exhibits tensile failure, with distinct patterns of fragmentation near the loading end and layer cracking away from it. Moreover, the dynamic compressive strength factor of the gray sandstone long rod specimen shows a notable increase with higher strain rates, indicating a significant strain rate effect. Correspondingly, both stress and strain peaks observe an upward trend at various measurement points with increasing loading rates.Remarkably, under identical loading rates, stress-strain curves of the gray sandstone long rod specimen exhibit a unique phenomenon where curves from measurement points closer to the loading end envelop those from points farther away. This observation underscores the complex nature of dynamic loading responses in geological materials.Overall, this comprehensive investigation provides essential theoretical insights and methodological references for understanding the dynamic behavior of sandstone within deep geological formations under impact loads. The findings offer valuable contributions to engineering practices concerned with the stability and resilience of underground structures subjected to dynamic loading conditions.
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表 1 灰砂岩的物理参数
Table 1. physical parameters of gray sandstone
密度/(kg·m−3) 泊松比 抗压强度/MPa 抗拉强度/MPa 弹性模量/GPa 2680 0.19 36.38 3.29 4.43 表 2 DIF计算参数
Table 2. The calculated parameters of the DIF
冲击速度/m·s−1 动态抗压强度/MPa DIF 应变率/s−1 9.57 17.3 0.4755 38.9 14.78 26.9 0.7394 85.5 19.32 31.2 0.8576 257.9 27.60 74.2 2.0396 271.2 -
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