烤燃条件下HMX/TATB基混合炸药多步热分解反应计算

马欣; 陈朗; 鲁峰; 伍俊英

doi:10.11883/1001-1455(2014)01-0067-08

烤燃条件下HMX/TATB基混合炸药多步热分解反应计算

doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2014)01-0067-08

北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室，北京 100081

基金项目: 国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划）项目（61383）

详细信息

作者简介:
马欣(1983—), 女, 博士研究生

通讯作者:
Chen Lang, chenlang@bit.edu.cn

中图分类号: O389
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2012-09-03
- 修回日期: 2012-10-20
- 刊出日期: 2014-01-25

Calculation on multi-step thermal decomposition of HMX-and TATB-based composite explosive under cook-off conditions

State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

Funds: Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (61383)

摘要

摘要: 采用多步热分解反应动力学模型，描述单质炸药热分解反应，提出了多组分网格单元计算方法，对以HMX/TATB为基的多元混合炸药在烤燃条件下的热反应过程进行了计算。通过炸药烤燃实验测量了炸药内部温度，获得了炸药点火时间，验证了计算的准确性。分析了混合炸药组成比例的变化对炸药热反应性能的影响。在HMX/TATB混合炸药热反应阶段，主要是HMX发生分解反应释放热量，TATB的反应量很少，随着混合炸药中TATB含量的增多，炸药的点火时间逐渐增长，点火温度逐渐增高，炸药热安全性增强。
- 爆炸力学 /
- 多步反应 /
- 多组分网格单元 /
- 混合炸药 /
- 烤燃
Abstract: The thermal decomposition of each component in the composite explosive was described by the multi-step chemical kinetics model.A multi-component grid unit calculation method was put forward to calculate the thermal decomposition reaction processes of the HMX and TATB based composite explosives under the cook-off conditions.And the cook-off tests were carried out to measure the temperatures and ignition times of the explosives and verify the accuracies of the calculations.The thermal reaction performances of the composite explosives were analyzed by changing the mass fraction of each component in them.The results show that the exothermic decomposition of the HMX predominates in the thermal decomposition process of the HMX/TATB composite explosive.Moreover, the ignition time and temperature of the composite explosives increase with the increasing of the TATB contents in the composite explosives.
- mechanics of explosion /
- multistep reaction /
- multicomponent grid unit /
- composite explosive /
- cook-off

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图 1 炸药烤燃实验装置简图

Figure 1. Schematic geometry of cook-off test

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图 2 计算思路示意图

Figure 2. Sketch map of calculational method

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图 3 炸药内部3个测点温度曲线

Figure 3. Temperature-time curves at three points in explosive

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图 4 计算得到的炸药点火点的温度-时间曲线和反应热-时间曲线

Figure 4. Calculated ignition temperature and reaction heat of explosive varied with time

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图 5 不同时刻炸药点火区域各组分的质量分数

Figure 5. Mass fraction of each component in the ignition region of explosive at different times

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图 6 不同时刻下炸药内部的温度分布

Figure 6. Temperature distribution in bomb section at different times

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图 7 不同时刻w（HMX）:w（Kel-F）＝95:5的HMX/Kel-F混合炸药点火区域各组分的质量分数分布

Figure 7. Distribution of mass fraction of each component in the ignition region of the HMX/Kel-F composite explosive with w(HMX):w(Kel-F)＝95:5at different times

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图 8 不同时刻w（TATB）:w（Kel-F）＝95:5的TATB/Kel-F混合炸药点火点处各组分的质量分数分布

Figure 8. Distribution of mass fraction of each component in the ignition region of the TATB/Kel-F composite explosive with w(TATB):w(Kel-F)＝95:5 at different times

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表 1 HMX、TATB和Kel-F的物性参数及其热分解反应动力学参数^[7]

Table 1. Physical parameter for HMX, TATB and Kel-F as well as their thermal and chemical kinetic parameters^[7]

材料	ρ/ (kg·m^-3)	c_V/ (J·g^-1·K^-1)	λ/ (W·m^-1·K^-1)	m	Z/s^-1	E/ (J·mol^-1)	x	Q/ (J·g^-1)
HMX	1 850	1 004.62	0.535 8	1	7.990 9×10²⁰	203 574	1	+42.0
				2	1.413 0×10²¹	221 340	1	+252.0
				3	2.608 1×10¹⁶	186 060	1	-558.6
				4	1.598 4×10¹²	143 220	2	-5 615.4
TATB	1 835	1 088.33	0.879 0	5	7.016 7×10²³	252 000	1	+210.0
				6	8.749 3×10¹²	176 400	1	+210.0
				7	4.356 0×10¹¹	141 960	2	-2 940.0
Kel-F	2 020	1 000.43	0.052 7	8	9.934 9×10¹⁷	272 328	1	+5 871.6
Kel-F	2 020	1 000.43	0.052 7	9	7.694 8×10²³	272 328	1	+2 520.0

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表 2 不同组分含量混合炸药烤燃计算结果

Table 2. Calculation results of composite explosives at various content of component

炸药组分	t/s	T/K
w(HMX):w(Kel-F)=95:5	10 965	508
w(HMX):w(TATB):w(Kel-F)=88:7:5	10 974	510
w(HMX):w(TATB):w(Kel-F)=78:17:5	10 988	510
w(HMX):w(TATB):w(Kel-F)=55:40:5	11 036	519
w(HMX):w(TATB):w(Kel-F)=38:57:5	11 095	523
w(HMX):w(TATB):w(Kel-F)=15:80:5	11 289	552
w(TATB):w(Kel-F)=95:5	15 588	620

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参考文献(13)

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