Validity analysis of materials' dynamic tensile SHTB experimental technique at ultrahigh temperature
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摘要: 针对高温拉伸分离式Hopkinson杆实验技术，通过数值模拟、实验验证以及几种典型材料的高温动态拉伸性能测试相结合的方法，对此实验技术中存在的几个关键问题进行了深入研究。结果表明：对于平板状钩挂式拉伸试样，通过标距段尺寸优化后，应力分布均匀，流动应力曲线与螺纹拉伸试样一致，且应力上升段后没有剧烈跳动；通过精确气动控制，在加载脉冲到来同时，可实现有效的试样快速同步组装和加载；当试样温度为1 200 ℃时，在冷加载杆与高温试样接触以及应力波加载试样的整个过程中，试样平均温度下降约1.3%，而加载杆端温升低于180 ℃。为了验证此实验技术，对3D打印TC4、镍基单晶高温合金DD6进行了最高温度约1 200 ℃时的高温动态拉伸力学性能实验测试。
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关键词:
- Hopkinson拉杆 /
- 高温 /
- 拉伸试样 /
- 同步组装 /
- 高应变率
Abstract: In this work we investigated several key issues in view of the dynamic tensile experimental technique used in the split Hopkinson tension bar at ultra high temperature by performing numerical simulation, experimental verification and tests of several typical materials' dynamic tensile property at high temperature. The results show that the stress distribution was uniform for the flat tensile specimen with a hook joint after its gauge section size was optimized. The flow stress curve of the hook joint flat tensile specimen coincided well with that of the thread specimen, and no evident shake was observed in the strain rising stage. Through accurate pneumatic control, effective rapid synchronous assembly and loading of the specimen could be achieved at the same time when the loading wave arrived. When the temperature of the specimen reached 1 200 ℃, the average temperature of the specimen only dropped about 1.3% and the temperature rise of the loading bars kept below 180 ℃ during the whole cold contact between the high temperature specimen with the cold loading bars as well as in the process of the stress wave loading the specimen. To validate this experimental technique, tests were conducted at the temperature as high as about 1 200 ℃ for the dynamic tensile mechanical properties of a few materials such as 3D printed TC4 and single crystal nickel-base superalloy DD6.-
Key words:
- Hopkinson tension bar /
- high temperature /
- tensile specimen /
- synchronous assembly /
- high strain rate
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图 2 高温SHTB实验过程示意图
Figure 2. Schematic diagram of SHTB experimental process at high temperature
图 3 高温SHTB实验装置示意图
Figure 3. Illustration of setup for high temperature SHTB experiment
图 4 数值模拟流动应力曲线与输入曲线对比
Figure 4. Comparison of simulated flow stress curve with input curves
图 7 钩挂式板状试样不同长宽比下应力和应变分布
Figure 7. Flat hook-joint specimen's stress and strain distribution at different ratios of length to width
图 8 钩挂连接与螺纹连接数值模拟和实验结果对比
Figure 8. Comparison of numerical simulation and experimental results between hook joint and thread connection
图 9 钛合金TC4弹性模量随温度变化
Figure 9. Elastic modulus of titanium alloy TC4 versus temperature
图 12 热辐射和热对流过程沿宽度和厚度方向温度分布
Figure 12. Temperature distribution along width and thickness
图 13 冷接触过程试样中线温度分布
Figure 13. Temperature distribution along center line of specimen during cold contact
图 14 热辐射、热对流和热传导对标距段平均温度的影响
Figure 14. Effect of heat radiation, heat convection and heat conduction on average temperature
图 15 标距段温度下降随试样初始温度变化
Figure 15. Average temperature of gage section drop versus specimen initial temperature
图 16 不同加热温度引起的加载杆端温升
Figure 16. Temperature rise of loading bars caused by different heating temperatures
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