A study of the response characteristics of Al/PTFE reactive materials under shock loading
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摘要: 为了研究铝（Al）/聚四氟乙烯（polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE）活性材料冲击载荷作用下响应特性，制备了具有反应活性的Al/PTFE块体材料，设计了拉氏实验，采用不同厚度的铝隔板控制入射冲击波幅值，利用锰铜压阻计测量了冲击波在材料中传播过程压力演化过程。同时，基于AUTODYN有限元软件，采用Lee-Tarver三项式点火模型对Al/PTFE活性材料拉氏实验进行数值模拟，并探讨了冲击波在500 mm长的Al/PTFE活性材料中长距离传播行为。研究结果表明，冲击波压力在Al/PTFE活性材料内短距离传播过程中存在明显的衰减，但是，当冲击波传播到远距离时，冲击波压力幅值和冲击波速度趋于稳定，分别为1.3 GPa和2 180 m/s；同时，距离铝隔板越远的材料，其反应度越低并最终趋于0.17。正是由于材料化学反应释能，导致了冲击波压力传播过程最终趋于稳定状态。
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关键词:
- Al/PTFE活性材料 /
- 拉氏实验 /
- 冲击反应 /
- Lee-Tarver三项式点火模型
Abstract: To investigate the response characteristics of aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene (Al/PTFE) reactive materials under shock loading, the Al powder with the diameter of 10 μm and the PTFE powder with the diameter of 15 μm were mixed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were performed to ensure the uniformity and reactivity of the Al/PTFE mixed powders. The Al/PTFE specimen was prepared by using a cold pressing technique. The density of the Al/PTFE materials was 1.92 g/cm3. The Lagrangian experiment was designed to understand the response characteristics of the Al/PTFE specimen under shock loading. PBX8701 was used to produce high pressure. The shock loading was attenuated after passing an aluminum partition and acted on the specimen. Four block specimens with the sizes of$\varnothing$ 50 mm×3 mm were used, and manganin piezo-resistance gauges were mounted at the top surface and the end surface of the specimens to measure the pressure. It should be emphasized that the thickness of the aluminum partition was set to be 5 and 10 mm to control the input pressure acting on the specimens. In these two cases, the pressure and the shock velocity were analyzed. The measurement shows that both the pressure and the shock velocity are attenuated. The Lee-Tarver ignition and growth model was used to simulate the Lagrangian experiment by AUTODYN. The parameters in the model were validated by comparing the simulation and the experiment. Further, the Lagrangian experiment for the 500-mm-long Al/PTFE specimen was simulated. The results show that when the shock wave propagates through a long distance, although at the beginning the pressure and the velocity reduce quickly, up to some distance, the pressure and the velocity are close to a constant value around 1.3 GPa and 2180 m/s, respectively. The reaction was also analyzed. At the beginning, the value can be up to around 0.48 due to the high pressure. As the distance increases to 450 mm, the value reduces to 0.17. These results demonstrate that under the shock, the energy release of the Al/PTFE specimens prevents the energy dissipation during the shock wave propagation. -
图 1 Al/PTFE混合粉末SEM图像和组分EDS图像
Figure 1. SEM image and composition EDS images of the Al/PTFE mixed powder
图 3 Al/PTFE冷压成型压力-时间曲线
Figure 3. Pressure-time curve of Al/PTFE cold-pressed formation
图 4 尺寸为
$\varnothing $ 50 mm × 3 mm 的Al/PTFE圆片块体Figure 4. Al/PTFE round flakes with the size of
$\varnothing $ 50 mm × 3 mm
图 7 在不同铝隔板厚度条件下，冲击波在Al/PTFE材料中传播过程中的压力变化
Figure 7. Shock wave pressure changes during shock wave propagation in Al/PTFE materials in the cases of different aluminum partition thicknesses
图 8 铝隔板厚度分别为10和5 mm时的时间-位移曲线和速度-位移曲线
Figure 8. Time-displacement curves and velocity-displacement curves when the aluminum partition thicknesses are 10 and 5 mm, respectively
图 10 在10和5 mm隔板厚度条件下冲击波压力的计算值与实验值
Figure 10. Simulated and experimental results of shock pressure with the partition of 10 and 5 mm in thickness
图 11 拉氏实验500 mm长样品计算模型
Figure 11. The calculation model of the Lagrangian experiment for the specimen of 500 mm in length
图 12 不同铝隔板厚度时压力时间曲线
Figure 12. Pressure-time curves with different aluminum partition thicknesses
图 13 隔板厚度分别为10和2 mm时冲击波速度随传播距离的变化曲线
Figure 13. Change of the shock wave velocity with propagation distance when the partition thicknesses are 10 and 2 mm, respectively
图 14 不同铝隔板厚度时反应度时间曲线
Figure 14. Reaction degree-time curves with different aluminum partition thicknesses
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表 2 Al隔板材料 Johnson-Cook模型参数
Table 2. The Johnson-Cook-model parameters of the aluminum partition
A/GPa B/GPa n C m Tm/K 27.6 0.426 0.34 0.015 1 775
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