快速烤燃条件下B炸药战斗部的临界泄压面积

张克斌; 李文彬; 郑宇; 姚文进; 赵昌方; 洪豆

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2022-0234

快速烤燃条件下B炸药战斗部的临界泄压面积

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2022-0234

南京理工大学机械工程学院，江苏南京 210094

详细信息

作者简介:
张克斌（1995－　），男，博士研究生，kb2018@njust.edu.cn

通讯作者:
李文彬（1965－　），男，博士，教授，lwb2000cn@njust.edu.cn

中图分类号: O389；TQ560.1
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-05-30
- 修回日期: 2022-09-29
- 网络出版日期: 2022-10-13
- 刊出日期: 2023-05-05

Critical vent area of a Comp-B warhead under fast cook-off

School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China

摘要

摘要: 为了确定战斗部装药在快速烤燃条件下能稳定燃烧的临界泄压面积，基于质量守恒定律和气体状态方程，建立了战斗部壳体内考虑炸药初始温度和排气孔排气的气体压力增长模型。以B炸药圆柱战斗部为研究对象，研究了炸药意外点火后能稳定燃烧的A_V0/S_B（临界泄压面积/炸药外表面积）确定方法，并与实验值进行了比较。结果表明，本文建立的模型能够很好地预测B炸药战斗部的临界泄压面积。研究了战斗部炸药装药表面积、炸药初始温度、空气体积占比和炸药燃速对A_V0/S_B的影响，并将不同温度的模型预测值与实验值进行了比较。结果表明：炸药装药表面积对A_V0/S_B基本没有影响；A_V0/S_B与温度和炸药燃速成正相关，与空气体积占比成负相关；不同温度的模型预测值A_V0/S_B与实验值吻合较好。
- 快速烤燃 /
- 临界泄压面积 /
- 初始温度 /
- 燃速 /
- B炸药
Abstract: To determine the critical vent area over which a warhead can burn stably under the fast cook-off condition, the gas pressure rise inside the casing after the ignition of the warhead charge was studied under the fast cook-off stimulation based on the mass conservation law and state equation of gases. A gas pressure rise model was established in the current work by considering the initial temperature of the explosive and gas venting in a warhead. A composition B explosive (Comp-B) cylindrical warhead was used as the research object. The numerical calculation of the model was carried out to determine the A_V0/S_B ratio (critical vent area/external surface area of the explosive) at which the warhead could be in stable combustion after it was accidentally ignited. And the results were compared with experimental values. It is found that the change of p_c (pressure inside the warhead casing) after the thermal stimulation and ignition of Comp-B occurred in four stages of Ⅰ-Ⅳ: increased sharply, increased rapidly, decreased slowly, and finally, leveled off. The peak pressure of the warhead decreased linearly with the increase of A_V/S_B. When A_V/S_B corresponding to the peak pressure (p_cmax) of 10 MPa in the warhead was taken as the critical A_V/S_B ratio, A_V/S_B could better separate the stable combustion reaction from the explosion reaction inside the warhead. The effects of the warhead charge surface area, the explosive initial temperature, the air volume ratio, and the explosive burning rate on A_V0/S_B were investigated, and the model predictions at different temperatures were compared with the experimental results. The predicted values of A_V0/S_B agree well with the experimental results. It is found that the warhead charge surface area has little effect on A_V0/S_B, andA_V0/S_B is positively correlated with the temperature and burning rate of the explosive and negatively correlated with the air volume ratio. The proposed model can well predict the critical vent area of the Comp-B warhead. Therefore, the findings of this study provide a theoretical basis for the design of thermally stimulated venting structures of ammunition.
- fast cook-off /
- critical vent area /
- initial temperature /
- burning rate /
- Comp-B

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图 1 战斗部结构示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagrams of the cylindrical charge structure

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图 2 排气面积与炸药初始燃烧面积比为0.4%时战斗部内部压力随时间变化曲线

Figure 2. The variation curve of pressure in the warhead with time when the ratio of vent area to initial combustion area of explosive is 0.4%

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图 3 不同排气面积与炸药初始燃烧面积比时战斗部内气体压力随时间的变化曲线

Figure 3. The variation curves of pressure with time at different ratios of vent area to initial combustion area of explosive

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图 4 不同排气面积与炸药初始燃烧面积比时战斗部内部的压力峰值

Figure 4. The pressure peaks in the warhead at different ratios of vent area to initial combustion area of explosive

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图 5 峰值压力低于10 MPa的排气面积与炸药初始燃烧面积比

Figure 5. The ratios of vent area to initial combustion area of explosive with peak pressure below 10 MPa

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图 6 模型预测结果与文献[20]中实验值的对比

Figure 6. Comparison of the results predicted by the developed model with experimental values obtained from reference [20]

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图 7 战斗部不同装药表面积对应的面积比临界值

Figure 7. Critical values of area ratios corresponding to different charge surface areas

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图 8 战斗部装药不同初始温度对应的面积比临界值

Figure 8. Critical area ratios corresponding to different initial temperatures of the explosive charge

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图 9 不同空气体积占比对应的面积比临界值

Figure 9. Critical area ratios corresponding to different air volume ratios

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图 10 不同炸药常数对应的面积比临界值

Figure 10. Critical area ratios corresponding to different explosive constants

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表 1 战斗部及装药尺寸参数

Table 1. Dimensional parameters of cylindrical charge structure

部位	直径/mm	长度/mm
战斗部内腔	27	108
炸药装药	27	104.76
空气	27	3.24
泄压孔	5.054	−
	5.651	−
	6.190	−
	6.686	−
	7.148	−

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表 2 炸药性能参数

Table 2. Explosive performance parameters

α/(m∙s⁻¹∙Pa⁻¹)	A	B/K⁻¹	M/(kg∙mol⁻¹)	T_B/K	k
0.01×10⁻⁶	12.04	0.0235	0.028	2500	1.27

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表 3 不同炸药装药表面积的战斗部参数

Table 3. Cylindrical charge structure parameters for different explosive charge surface areas

序号	D₀/mm	L/mm	L₀/mm	S_B/mm²
1	27	104.76	108	10 031.16
2	17	104.76	108	6 048.88
3	37	104.76	108	14 327.60
4	27	75.66	78	7 562.81
5	27	133.86	138	12 499.51

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表 4 不同空气体积占比的战斗部参数

Table 4. Parameters of cylindrical charge for different air volume ratios

序号	D₀/mm	L/mm	L₀/mm	S_B/mm²	β/%
1	27	104.76	108	10 031.16	3
2	27	104.76	105.82	10 031.16	1
3	27	104.76	118	10 031.16	11.22
4	27	104.76	128	10 031.16	18.16
5	27	104.76	138	10 031.16	24.09
6	27	104.76	148	10 031.16	29.22
7	27	104.76	174.6	10 031.16	40
8	27	104.76	209.52	10 031.16	50

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