接触爆炸作用下混凝土墩体的易损性研究

马世鑫; 纪杨子燚; 钟明寿; 李向东

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2022-0538

接触爆炸作用下混凝土墩体的易损性研究

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2022-0538

1.
南京理工大学机械工程学院，江苏南京 210094
2.
陆军工程大学野战工程学院，江苏南京 210007

详细信息

作者简介:
马世鑫（1999－　），男，博士研究生，sxin_ma@njust.edu.cn

通讯作者:
李向东（1969－　），男，博士，教授，lixiangd@njust.edu.cn

中图分类号: O389
计量
- 文章访问数: 405
- HTML全文浏览量: 89
- PDF下载量: 132
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-11-30
- 修回日期: 2023-04-17
- 网络出版日期: 2023-04-25
- 刊出日期: 2023-07-05

Study on the vulnerability of concrete obstacle under contact explosion

1.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
2.
College of Field Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing 210007, Jiangsu, China

摘要

摘要: 为评估柱形装药接触爆炸对混凝土墩体的破坏能力，采用试验与数值模拟相结合的方法研究了接触爆炸作用下混凝土墩体的易损性，提出了用等毁伤曲线和易损面积评估混凝土墩体易损性的方法，得到了接触爆炸作用下墩体顶面和侧面的毁伤区域特征及装药质量和装药放置位置对墩体毁伤的影响规律。通过建立易损面积的计算模型，分别得到了顶面和侧面接触爆炸作用下墩体不同级别毁伤的易损面积随装药质量的变化曲线，在此基础上比较了顶面和侧面接触爆炸时墩体的易损性差异。研究结果表明：接触爆炸作用下，墩体顶面的毁伤区域近似为正方形，其中心与墩体顶面中心重合；墩体侧面的毁伤区域近似为圆角梯形，其中心位于侧面几何中心下方约10 cm处。装药质量在0.5~10.79 kg之间时，侧面接触爆炸更容易破坏墩体。研究成果可为混凝土障碍的破除、破障弹设计及效能评估提供支持和指导。
- 柱形装药 /
- 混凝土墩体 /
- 接触爆炸 /
- 易损性
Abstract: Contact explosion experiments were conducted to assess the damage capacity of a cylindrical charge contact explosion on a concrete obstacle. A characterization method for the damage level of a concrete obstacle was proposed based on the experimental results. Subsequently, numerical simulations were performed to study the influence of charge mass and placement location on the residual height of a concrete obstacle. To validate the numerical model and applied material parameters, the results of the numerical simulations were compared with the experimental results. Based on the numerical results, the vulnerability of the concrete obstacle under contact explosions of different charge placements was characterized using the damage iso-curve method. The shape and center position of the damage zone on the top and side of the obstacle were obtained. Considering the randomness of charge placement after deployment in actual use, a model for calculating the vulnerable area was established to investigate the overall vulnerability of the obstacle. The relationship between the charge mass and the vulnerable area of different damage levels of the obstacle when the charge exploded on the top and side was obtained. The research results indicate that the shape of the damage zone on the top of the obstacle is approximately a square, with the center coinciding with the center of the top surface. The shape of the damage zone on the side is approximately a rounded trapezoid, with the center located about 10 cm below the geometric center of the side surface. Based on the calculated results of the vulnerable area, the difference in vulnerability between the top and side of the obstacle under contact explosion was compared. When the mass of the cylindrical charge is between 0.5 kg and 10.79 kg, the concrete obstacle is more vulnerable to damage when subjected to a contact explosion on the side. The findings of this research can provide support and guidance for the demolition of concrete obstacles, the design of obstacle-breaking projectiles, and the evaluation of their damage effectiveness.
- cylindrical charge /
- concrete obstacle /
- contact explosion /
- vulnerability

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图 1 柱形装药和混凝土墩体结构及试验布置示意图

Figure 1. Structure of cylindrical charge and concrete obstacle and schematic diagram of the test layout

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图 2 T-1试验中混凝土墩体的破坏情况

Figure 2. The damage of the concrete obstacle in test T-1

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图 3 T-2试验中混凝土墩体的破坏情况

Figure 3. The damage of the concrete obstacle in test T-2

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图 4 T-3试验中混凝土墩体的破坏情况

Figure 4. The damage of the concrete obstacle in test T-3

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图 5 T-4试验中混凝土墩体的破坏情况

Figure 5. The damage of the concrete obstacle in test T-4

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图 6 T-5试验中混凝土墩体的破坏情况

Figure 6. The damage of the concrete obstacle in test T-5

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图 7 T-6试验中混凝土墩体的破坏情况

Figure 7. The damage of the concrete obstacle in test T-6

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图 8 不同试验工况下装药质量与混凝土墩体的残余高度和碎块数量的关系

Figure 8. The relationship between the charge mass and the broken residual height of the concrete obstacle and the number of its pieces

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图 9 装药置于混凝土墩体顶面或侧面的典型位置

Figure 9. The typical charge positions on the top or side surface of the concrete obstacle

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图 10 柱形装药和混凝土墩体接触爆炸过程的有限元模型

Figure 10. The finite element model of contact explosion of cylindrical charge and concrete obstacle

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图 11 1.0 kg装药顶面接触爆炸时试验结果与数值模拟结果对比

Figure 11. Comparison of test and numerical results for obstacle under top contact explosion of 1.0 kg charge

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图 12 1.5 kg装药顶面接触爆炸时试验结果与数值模拟结果对比

Figure 12. Comparison of test and numerical results for obstacle under top contact explosion of 1.5 kg charge

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图 13 2.0 kg装药顶面接触爆炸时试验结果与数值模拟结果对比

Figure 13. Comparison of test and numerical results for obstacle under top contact explosion of 2.0 kg charge

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图 14 2.5 kg装药顶面接触爆炸时试验结果与数值模拟结果对比

Figure 14. Comparison of test and numerical results for obstacle under top contact explosion of 2.5 kg charge

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图 15 3.0 kg装药顶面接触爆炸时试验结果与数值模拟结果对比

Figure 15. Comparison of test and numerical results for obstacle under top contact explosion of 3.0 kg charge

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图 16 3.0 kg装药侧面接触爆炸时试验结果与数值模拟结果对比

Figure 16. Comparison of test and numerical results for obstacle under side contact explosion of 3.0 kg charge

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图 17 柱形装药在混凝土墩体顶面中心爆炸时墩体对称界面von Mises应力传播过程

Figure 17. Development of von Mises stress on the concrete obstacle symmetrical interface when the cylindrical charge explodes at the center of the top surface

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图 18 柱形装药在混凝土墩体顶面中心爆炸时墩体对称界面损伤过程

Figure 18. Development of damage on the concrete obstacle symmetrical interface when the cylindrical charge explodes at the center of the top surface

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图 19 柱形装药在混凝土墩体侧面几何中心爆炸时墩体对称界面von Mises应力传播过程

Figure 19. Development of von Mises stress on the symmetrical interface of the concrete obstacle when the cylindrical charge explodes at the geometrical center of the side surface

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图 20 柱形装药在混凝土墩体侧面几何中心爆炸时墩体对称界面损伤过程

Figure 20. Development of damage on the symmetrical interface of the concrete obstacle when the cylindrical charge explodes at the geometrical center of the side surface

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图 21 柱形装药放置位置及顶面网格划分示意图

Figure 21. Schematic diagram of cylindrical charge position and grid division of the top surface

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图 22 顶面接触爆炸作用下墩体的等毁伤曲线

Figure 22. Damage iso-curves of concrete obstacle under top contact explosion

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图 23 侧面接触爆炸作用下墩体的等毁伤曲线

Figure 23. Damage iso-curves of concrete obstacle under side contact explosion

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图 24 顶面接触爆炸作用下墩体的易损面积与装药质量之间的关系

Figure 24. The relationship between the vulnerable area of concrete obstacle and the charge mass under top contact explosion

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图 25 侧面接触爆炸作用下混凝土墩体的易损面积与装药质量之间的关系

Figure 25. The relationship between the vulnerable area of concrete obstacle and the charge mass under side contact explosion

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图 26 混凝土墩体重度毁伤易损面积占比与装药质量的关系

Figure 26. The relationship between the sever damage area radio of the concrete obstacle and the charge mass

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表 1 试验方案

Table 1. Experiment scheme

试验编号	装药放置位置	装药质量/kg
T-1	顶面中心	1.0
T-2	顶面中心	1.5
T-3	顶面中心	2.0
T-4	顶面中心	2.5
T-5	顶面中心	3.0
T-6	侧面几何中心	3.0

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表 2 B炸药材料参数^[16]

Table 2. The material parameters of composition B^[16]

ρ/(g·cm⁻³)	A/GPa	B/GPa	R₁	R₁	ω
1.717	524	7.67	4.2	1.1	0.34

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表 3 空气材料参数^[17]

Table 3. The material parameters of air^[17]

ρ/(kg·m⁻³)	C₄	C₅	E₀/(μJ·m⁻³)
1.29	0.4	0.4	2.5

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表 4 试验和数值模拟得到的混凝土残余高度对比

Table 4. The comparison of the residual height of concrete obstacle between numerical simulation and test

试验编号	残余高度/m		误差/%
试验编号	试验结果	模拟结果	误差/%
T-1	0.72	0.67	−6.94
T-2	0.64	0.65	1.56
T-3	0.61	0.62	1.64
T-4	0.57	0.52	−8.77
T-5	0.54	0.50	−7.41
T-6	0.27	0.26	−3.70

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表 5 顶面典型位置接触爆炸时墩体残余高度数值计算结果

Table 5. Numerical simulation results of obstacle residual height under top contact explosion at typical position

装药质量/kg	残余高度/m
装药质量/kg	Point O	Point K	Point L	Point M	Point N	Point P
1.0	0.67	0.71	0.76	0.75	0.78	0.79
1.5	0.65	0.68	0.70	0.70	0.76	0.78
2.0	0.62	0.65	0.69	0.70	0.75	0.76
2.5	0.52	0.60	0.68	0.65	0.67	0.75
3.0	0.50	0.55	0.59	0.62	0.67	0.73
4.0	0.43	0.47	0.54	0.57	0.60	0.70
5.0	0.40	0.42	0.53	0.55	0.58	0.70
6.0	0.38	0.41	0.48	0.51	0.56	0.67

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表 6 侧面典型位置接触爆炸时墩体残余高度数值计算结果

Table 6. Numerical simulation results of obstacle residual height under side contact explosion at typical position

装药质量/kg	残余高度/m
装药质量/kg	Point C	Point D	Point E	Point F	Point G	Point H
1.0	0.48	0.55	0.38	0.44	0.33	0.42
1.5	0.45	0.49	0.34	0.41	0.29	0.38
2.0	0.43	0.46	0.30	0.39	0.26	0.35
2.5	0.41	0.44	0.27	0.36	0.23	0.33
3.0	0.39	0.41	0.26	0.34	0.21	0.31
4.0	0.35	0.37	0.19	0.30	0.17	0.28
5.0	0.32	0.33	0.15	0.26	0.14	0.25
6.0	0.29	0.29	0.12	0.23	0.11	0.22

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