水下接触爆炸下高聚物层对钢筋混凝土板的防护效果

赵小华; 刘树参; 方宏远; 孙金山; 石明生

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2023-0033

水下接触爆炸下高聚物层对钢筋混凝土板的防护效果

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2023-0033

赵小华^{1, 2, 3,},
刘树参^{1, 4, ,},
方宏远¹,
孙金山^{2, 3},
石明生¹

1.
郑州大学黄河实验室，河南郑州 450001
2.
江汉大学精细爆破国家重点实验室，湖北武汉 430056
3.
江汉大学爆破工程湖北省重点实验室，湖北武汉 430056
4.
雅砻江流域水电开发有限公司，四川成都 610066

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52009126）；爆破工程湖北省重点实验室开放基金（BL2021-04）

详细信息

作者简介:
赵小华（1991－　），男，博士，副教授，zhaoxh2014@126.com

通讯作者:
刘树参（1999－　），男，硕士研究生，lsc63124@163.com

中图分类号: O383; TQ317
计量
- 文章访问数: 185
- HTML全文浏览量: 83
- PDF下载量: 126
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-02-08
- 修回日期: 2023-11-05
- 网络出版日期: 2023-11-06
- 刊出日期: 2023-12-12

Protective effect of polymer layer on reinforced concrete slabs under an underwater contact explosion

ZHAO Xiaohua^{1, 2, 3
,},
LIU Shucan^{1, 4
, ,},
FANG Hongyuan¹,
SUN Jinshan^{2, 3},
SHI Mingsheng¹

1.
Yellow River Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Precision Blasting Engineering, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, Hubei, China
3.
Hubei Key Laboratory of Blasting Engineering, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, Hubei, China
4.
Yalong River Hydropower Development Company Ltd., Chengdu 610066, Sichuan , China

摘要

摘要: 为研究多孔材料高聚物对水下混凝土结构的抗爆防护性能，对含高聚物防护层的钢筋混凝土板开展了水下爆炸实验，并设置了对照组。利用AUTODYN有限元程序建立了含高聚物防护层的钢筋混凝土板水下爆炸全耦合模型，并通过数值模拟结果与实验的对比，验证了所建模型的可靠性。在此基础上，通过数值模拟，进一步分析了前置钢板对高聚物层防护性能的提升效果。以钢筋混凝土板跨中残余位移为指标，参数化分析了起爆药量和复合结构层厚比对高聚物层水下防护效果的影响规律。结果表明：水下爆炸下，高聚物防护层能够有效降低混凝土结构的毁伤程度；在高聚物层外侧布置钢质薄板，可以更好地发挥高聚物层的吸能效果，对钢筋混凝土板起到更好的防护效果，且当高聚物层与前置钢板层厚度比为20时，防护效果最佳。
- 水下爆炸 /
- 高聚物 /
- 复合结构 /
- 钢筋混凝土板 /
- 防护性能
Abstract: In order to study the anti-explosion protection performance of porous polymers on underwater concrete structures, underwater explosion experiments were carried out on reinforced concrete slabs with a polymer protective layer, and an ordinary reinforced concrete slab was set as a comparing subject. A fully coupled model of underwater explosion of reinforced concrete slab with polymer protective layer was established by the AUTODYN finite element program, while the reliability of the proposed model was verified by the comparison of the calculatied results with experimental ones. Thus, the propagation characteristics of explosion load in water and the damage results of the structure can be better simulated by this model. In addition, the effect of the front steel plate on the enhancement of the protection performance of the polymer layer was further analyzed by numerical simulation. The front steel plate can evenly exert the pressure generated by the explosion load on the inner core layer, so that the polymer layer can display a better energy-absorbing effect. Taking the mid-span residual displacement of the reinforced concrete slab as an index, the influences of the amount of detonating charge and the layer thickness ratio of the composite structure on the underwater protection effect of the polymer layer are analyzed parametrically. The results show that the damage degree of the concrete structure under underwater explosion can be reduced by the polymer protective layer; arranging the steel thin plate on the outside of the polymer layer can improve the energy-absorbing effect of the polymer layer and provide better protection to the reinforced concrete slab; and the protection effect is the best when the ratio of the polymer layer to the front steel plate layer thickness is 20. The research results can provide a reference for the subsequent studies and application of polymer materials in the protection of underwater engineering structures.
- underwater explosion /
- polymer /
- composite structure /
- reinforced concrete slab /
- protective performance

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图 1 混凝土板尺寸及钢筋布置

Figure 1. Sizes of an RC slab and reinforcement layout in it

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图 2 防护层的制作流程

Figure 2. Manufacturing procedure of protection layer

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图 3 实验布置

Figure 3. Experimental arrangement

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图 4 RC板的实验结果

Figure 4. Test results of an RC slab

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图 5 P-RC板的实验结果

Figure 5. Test results of a P-RC slab

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图 6 数值模型

Figure 6. Numerical model

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图 7 混凝土RHT模型的三个极限面

Figure 7. Three limit surfaces of the RHT model for concrete

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图 8 一维楔形体计算模型

Figure 8. A one-dimensional calculation model of a wedge-shaped body

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图 9 数值结果与经验公式峰值压力对比

Figure 9. Comparison of peak pressures between numerical and experiential results

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图 10 P-RC板实验和数值模拟破坏模式对比

Figure 10. Comparison of experimental and simulated failure modes of a P-RC slab

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图 11 冲击波在RC板中的传播过程

Figure 11. Propagation process of blast wave in an RC slab

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图 12 冲击波在P-RC板中的传播过程

Figure 12. Propagation process of blast wave in a P-RC slab

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图 13 气泡对RC板的毁伤过程

Figure 13. Damage process of bubbles on an RC slab

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图 14 气泡对P-RC板的毁伤过程

Figure 14. Damage process of bubbles on P-RC slab

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图 15 SP-RC板示意图

Figure 15. Schematics of SP-RC slab

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图 16 不同防护层RC板的破坏模式对比

Figure 16. Comparison of failure modes of RC slabs with different protective layers

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图 17 试件迎爆面压力峰值分布

Figure 17. Distributions of peak pressure at the blast surfaces of P-RC and SP-RC slabs

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图 18 P-RC板和SP-RC板的能量时程曲线

Figure 18. Energy-time history curves of P-RC and SP-RC slabs

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图 19 防护层作用原理

Figure 19. Protective layer working principle

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图 20 不同药量下RC板的毁伤模式

Figure 20. Damage modes of RC slabs with different explosive quantities

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图 21 不同药量下RC板的残余位移

Figure 21. Residual displacement of RC slabs under different explosive quantities

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图 22 不同钢板厚度下RC板的毁伤模式

Figure 22. Damage modes of RC slabs with different thicknesses of the steel plates

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图 23 不同内芯厚度下RC板的毁伤模式

Figure 23. Damage modes of RC slabs with different core thicknesses

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图 24 不同工况下RC板的残余位移

Figure 24. Residual displacement of RC slabs under different working conditions

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表 1 试件损伤程度

Table 1. Degree of damage to specimens

试件	迎爆面破坏区域	是否发生冲切破坏	整体性	承载能力
RC板	140 mm×130 mm	是	一般	较差
P-RC板		否	较好	较好

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表 2 混凝土材料参数^[19]

Table 2. Material parameters of concrete^[19]

密度$ {\rho }_{0} $/(g·cm⁻³)	体积模量A₁/GPa	剪切模量G/GPa	抗压强度f_c/MPa	抗拉强度f_t/f_c	抗剪强度f_s/f_c
2.75	35.27	22.06	35	0.1	0.18

失效面常数A	残余失效面常数B	残余失效面指数M	损伤常数D₁	损伤常数D₂	侵蚀应变
1.60	1.60	0.61	0.04	1.00	2.0

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表 3 高聚物RHT模型材料参数^{[15, 21-22]}

Table 3. Material parameters of RHT model for polymer^{[15, 21-22]}

密度$ {\rho }_{0} $/(g·cm⁻³)	体积模量A₁/GPa	剪切模量G/MPa	抗压强度f_c/MPa	抗拉强度f_t/f_c	抗剪强度f_s/f_c
0.2	2.2	20.78	4.5	0.598	0.694

失效面常数A	残余失效面常数B	残余失效面指数M	损伤常数D₁	损伤常数D₂	侵蚀应变
0.61	1.60	0.61	0.04	1.00	0.60

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表 4 炸药材料参数^[23]

Table 4. Material parameters of explosive^[23]

ρ/(g·cm⁻³)	D/(m·s⁻¹)	A/GPa	B/GPa	${p_{{\mathrm{CJ}}}}$/GPa	R₁	R₂	ω	E/GPa
1.05	3850	209.70	3.50	3.70	5.76	1.29	0.39	4.20

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表 5 复合防护层不同层厚比

Table 5. Different layer thickness ratios of composite protective layers

工况	高聚物层厚度h₁/mm	前置钢板厚度h₂/mm	层厚比(h₁/h₂)	工况	高聚物层厚度h₁/mm	前置钢板厚度h₂/mm	层厚比(h₁/h₂)
1	60	2.0	30.0	6	40	3.0	13.3
2	60	2.5	24.0	7	50	3.0	16.7
3	60	3.0	20.0	8	70	3.0	23.3
4	60	3.5	17.1	9	80	3.0	26.7
5	60	4.0	15.0

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