钨丝/锆基非晶复合材料与93W合金弹芯侵彻靶板的损伤特征

吴烁罡; 杜成鑫; 周峰; 高光发; 吕文争; 陈曦

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2023-0312

钨丝/锆基非晶复合材料与93W合金弹芯侵彻靶板的损伤特征

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2023-0312

南京理工大学机械工程学院, 江苏南京 210094

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（12102201）

详细信息

作者简介:
吴烁罡（2000－　），男，硕士研究生，wushuogang@njust.edu.cn

通讯作者:
陈曦（1984－　），女，博士，副研究员，chenxi@njust.edu.cn

中图分类号: O385
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-08-28
- 修回日期: 2024-01-22
- 网络出版日期: 2024-01-23
- 刊出日期: 2024-04-07

Damage characteristic of target penetrated by WF/Zr-MG and 93W rods

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究钨丝/锆基非晶复合材料(WF/Zr-based bulk metallic glass matrix composite，WF/Zr-MG)及93W合金两种弹芯材料对于45钢靶板的侵彻特征机理与损伤特征，利用上述两种弹芯进行对比开展侵彻试验，在宏观和微观层面对侵彻结果进行分析，其中，宏观定量化表征量采用等效直径进行研究，微观层面利用扫描电镜、光学显微镜、XRD衍射仪与显微维氏硬度仪对靶板的微观形貌、相变及硬度特征进行表征。试验结果表明，WF/Zr-MG弹芯完全贯穿靶板，而93W合金弹芯残留于靶板之中，其等效扩孔直径分别为16.7和18.4 mm，前者较后者低10.18%，WF/Zr-MG弹芯的穿甲能力高于93W合金弹芯。在微观角度，WF/Zr-MG与93W合金弹芯侵彻后弹坑细晶层晶粒长径比分别为4.5和7.3，其维氏硬度HV的峰值分别为249和287，其中高硬度层宽度分别为10.2和8.9 mm。前者对应靶板高硬度层更宽的原因是Zr基非晶合金在侵彻过程中持续释放热量，使其温度影响区较大，因此硬度提升的区域大。侵彻过程中，后者的靶板强度明显高于前者的，其主要原因为WF/Zr-MG弹芯发生屈曲回流，而93W合金弹芯产生蘑菇头现象，使得WF/Zr-MG弹芯对于靶板的挤压变形更小，晶粒拉长效果减弱，硬度峰值提升变小，靶板单位长度的能量损耗小，从而增强WF/Zr-MG复合材料弹芯的穿甲能力。
- WF/Zr-MG复合材料 /
- 93W /
- 微观分析 /
- 硬度分析 /
- 损伤特征
Abstract: In order to compare and analyze the characteristic and mechanism of damaging on 45 steel target plate penetrated by the WF/Zr-MG and 93W rod, a penetration experiment under hypervelocity impact was carried out. The analysis of penetration was performed at both macro and micro levels, in which the macroscopic quantitative characterization quantity was studied by equivalent diameter of reamer, and the microscopic morphology, phase transition and hardness characteristics of the target plate were obtained by scanning electron microscopy, optical microscope, X-ray diffraction and microhardness tester.The experimental results indicate that the WF/Zr-MG rod completely penetrated the target plate, while the 93W rod remained in the target plate. The armor-piercing capacity of WF/Zr-MG rod is higher than that of 93W rod with equivalent reaming diameter of 16.7 mm and 18.4 mm respectively, and the former is 10.18% lower than the latter. From the microscopic perspective, the aspect ratios of the fine grain layer after penetrated by the WF/Zr-MG rod and the 93W rod are 4.5 and 7.3, respectively. In addition, the width of the high-hardness layer are 10.2 mm and 8.9 mm, with Vickers hardness HV peaks at 249 and 287, respectively. The wider high-hardness layer observed in the former case can be attributed to the continuous burning of the Zr-based amorphous alloy during the penetration process, resulting in a larger temperature affected zone and consequently a greater area of hardness enhancement. On the other hand, in the latter case, the strength of the target plate during penetration is significantly higher due to the buckling and backflow of the WF/Zr-MG rod, while the 93W alloy core exhibits a "mushroom head" phenomenon. This reduces extrusion deformation on the target plate, thereby weakening the effect of grain elongation, reducing the increase in hardness peak value, and minimizing energy loss per unit length of the target plate. Ultimately, it enhances the armor-piercing capability of the WF/Zr-MG rod.
- WF/Zr-MG /
- 93W /
- micro analysis /
- hardness analysis /
- damage characteristic

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图 1 试验用弹图

Figure 1. Projectiles used in test

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图 2 45钢靶板基体微观组织

Figure 2. Matrix microstructure of 45 steel target

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图 3 试验布局

Figure 3. Test layout

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图 4 靶板纵向剖面图

Figure 4. The macroscopic states of the target plates

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图 5 WF/Zr-MG弹芯侵彻后靶板的微观组织

Figure 5. Microscopic crystalline phase of the 45 steel plate penetrated by the WF/Zr-MG rod

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图 6 93W弹芯侵彻后靶板微观组织

Figure 6. Microscopic crystalline phase of the 45 steel plate penetrated by the 93W rod

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图 7 靶板不同位置长径比变化曲线

Figure 7. Grain size variation curves at different positions of the target plate

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图 8 残留的WF/Zr-MG复合材料弹芯^[18]

Figure 8. Residue of the WF/Zr-MG rods^[18]

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图 9 XRD衍射图谱

Figure 9. X-ray diffraction pattern

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图 10 靶板硬度对比

Figure 10. Comparison of target hardness distributions

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图 11 靶板不同位置温升曲线

Figure 11. Temperature rise curves at different positions of the target plate

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表 1 试验弹芯主要参数及状态

Table 1. Main parameters and test states of all projectiles used in the test

工况材料质量/g 侵彻速度/(m∙s⁻¹)

1 93W 122.6±0.1 1558±50

2 WF/Zr-MG 121.9±0.1 1543±50

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