近爆条件下高强钢板的抗爆性能与几何参数影响规律研究

王宇相; 张国凯; 刘黎旺; 吴玉欣; 刘举; 姜龙

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2024-0177

近爆条件下高强钢板的抗爆性能与几何参数影响规律研究

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2024-0177

1.
南京理工大学安全科学与工程学院，江苏南京 210094
2.
南京理工大学机械工程学院，江苏南京 210094

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金 (52278504)；江苏省自然科学基金 (BK20220141)

详细信息

作者简介:
王宇相（1999－　），男，硕士研究生，wangyuxiang@njust.edu.cn

通讯作者:
张国凯（1988－　），男，博士，教授，博士生导师，gkzhang@njust.edu.cn

中图分类号: O383
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-06-12
- 修回日期: 2024-10-06
- 网络出版日期: 2025-02-21

Investigation on geometric parameters effect and blast resistance of high-strength steel plates under near-field explosions

1.
School of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
2.
School Of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究近爆载荷作用下高强钢板的抗爆性能，首先利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件开展了高强钢材料的SHPB冲击试验模拟，标定了表征高强钢动态本构的Johnson-Cook模型参数；基于该参数开展了84组近爆条件下高强钢板的爆炸模拟，系统分析了爆炸冲击波与钢板的相互作用过程，阐明了钢板的宽度及厚度等几何参数对其变形特征与破坏模式的影响规律。此外，通过汇总分析数值模拟结果，进一步提供了近爆作用下高强钢板最大变形位移的预测模型。研究表明：Johnson-Cook模型能有效模拟高强钢在高应变率下的力学行为；在冲击波传播方面，高强钢板厚度的增加会削弱冲击波穿透钢板后的影响范围；针对不同几何参数的高强钢板，近距离爆炸荷载会造成花瓣形破口、小破口以及大变形3种毁伤模式，且钢板厚度是决定其破坏模式的重要因素；在大变形毁伤模式下，钢板厚度的增加或边长的减小会提高其抗爆能力，宽厚比与钢板抗爆性能呈正相关。
- 高强钢板 /
- Johnson-Cook模型 /
- 近距爆炸荷载 /
- 数值模拟 /
- 几何参数
Abstract: High-strength steel has excellent mechanical properties, which has been utilized in the fields of explosion and impact. In order to study the blast resistance of high-strength steel plates, ANSYS/LS-DYNA software was first used to simulate the impact test on high-strength steel materials. By comparing with experimental results, the Johnson-Cook model parameters characterizing the dynamic constitutive behavior of high-strength steel are determined. Based on the above model parameters, the explosion simulation of high-strength steel plates under near-field explosions is further carried out. The interaction process between the explosion shock wave and the steel plate is systematically analyzed, and the size effects of the steel plate on its deformation characteristics and failure mode are explained. The results show that the Johnson-Cook model can effectively simulate the mechanical behavior of S690 high-strength steel at high strain rates. High-strength steel plates have a weakening effect on the propagation of shock waves. With the increase of steel plate thickness, the propagation range of shock wave through steel plate decreases gradually. For high-strength steel plates of different geometric dimensions, near-field explosions will cause three damage modes: petal-shaped fracture, small fracture and large deformation. It is found that the thickness is the decisive factor to determine the failure mode of steel plates under near-field explosions. For high-strength steel plates with large deformation, the increase of thickness and decrease of width will improve the ability of resistance to near-field explosions. In addition, there is a positive correlation between the ability of shock resistance of the high-strength steel plate and the width-thickness ratio. When the proportional distance is 0.13, a model can be provided to predict the maximum displacement range of the high-strength steel plate according to the steel plate size. The above conclusions can provide some guiding significance for the optimal design and engineering application of high-strength steel structures.
- high strength steel plate /
- Johnson-Cook model /
- short-range explosion load /
- numerical simulation /
- geometrical parameter

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图 1 高强钢板爆炸试验数值模拟仿真模型

Figure 1. Numerical simulation model on high-strength steel plate explosion test

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图 2 SHPB系统示意图

Figure 2. Schematic of the SHPB system

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图 3 SHPB试验模拟结果

Figure 3. SHPB test simulation results

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图 4 网格依赖性分析

Figure 4. Mesh dependency analysis

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图 5 冲击波在空气中传播的过程（a=500 mm）

Figure 5. Process of shockwave propagation in air (a=500 mm)

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图 6 冲击波穿过钢板的过程 (a=500 mm)

Figure 6. Process of the shock wave passing through the steel plate (a=500 mm)

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图 7 所有工况受载后位移（d）云图

Figure 7. Cloud images of displacement (d) under load under all conditions

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图 8 不同边长钢板的整体位移（d）

Figure 8. Overall displacement (d) curve for steel plates of various widths

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图 9 不同尺寸高强钢板的位移时程变化云图

Figure 9. Displacement time-history nephogram of high-strength steel plate with different sizes

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图 10 不同厚度高强钢板的中心点位移时程曲线

Figure 10. Time history of the center point displacement with different thicknesses of the high strength steel plate

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图 11 高强钢板中心点最大位移随厚度变化

Figure 11. Maximum displacement at the center point varies with thickness

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图 12 不同边长度高强钢板中心点位移时程曲线

Figure 12. Time history curves of the center point displacement of high-strength steel plates with different edge lengths

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图 13 中心点最大位移（d_max）与边长的关系

Figure 13. Relation between the maximum displacement (d_max) at the center point and the edge length

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图 14 不同宽厚比下中心点最大位移

Figure 14. Maximum displacement at the center point under different width-to-thickness ratios

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表 1 TNT炸药材料参数

Table 1. TNT material parameters

ρ_TNT/(kg·m⁻³)	D_CJ/(m·s⁻¹)	p_CJ/GPa	A_JWL/GPa	B_JWL/GPa	R₁	R₂	w	E_TNT/(J·mm⁻³)
1630	6930	21	371	3.231	4.15	0.95	0.35	6
注：ρ_TNT为炸药的密度，D_CJ 和p_CJ分别为CJ爆轰阶段的速度和压力.

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表 2 S690的J-C模型参数

Table 2. J-C Model Parameters for S690

A/MPa	B/MPa	C	n
722	400	0.21	0.57

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表 3 仿真工况设置

Table 3. Simulation condition configurations

工况	a/mm	m/kg	爆距/mm	δ/mm
1～14	500	0.5	100	4、6、8、10、12、 14、16、18、20、 22、24、26、28、30
15～28	600	0.5	100
29～42	800	0.5	100
43～56	1000	0.5	100
57～70	1200	0.5	100
71～84	1500	0.5	100

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表 4 各工况高强钢板的宽厚比和最大位移

Table 4. Width-thickness ratios and maximum displacements of high-strength steel plate under different conditions

工况	a/mm	δ/mm	a/δ	位移/mm	工况	a/mm	δ/mm	a/δ	位移/mm	工况	a/mm	δ/mm	a/δ	位移/mm
1	500	4	125.00	/	29	800	4	200.00	/	57	1200	4	300.00	/
2		6	83.33	/	30		6	133.33	/	58		6	200.00	/
3		8	62.50	45.00	31		8	100.00	50.00	59		8	150.00	56.60
4		10	50.00	35.70	32		10	80.00	42.30	60		10	120.00	48.10
5		12	41.67	28.50	33		12	66.67	34.50	61		12	100.00	39.30
6		14	35.71	21.70	34		14	57.14	28.00	62		14	85.71	33.00
7		16	31.25	16.50	35		16	50.00	23.00	63		16	75.00	27.60
8		18	27.78	12.40	36		18	44.44	17.60	64		18	66.67	22.70
9		20	25.00	9.78	37		20	40.00	13.00	65		20	60.00	18.20
10		22	22.73	7.79	38		22	36.36	10.10	66		22	54.55	14.10
11		24	20.83	6.30	39		24	33.33	8.40	67		24	50.00	11.91
12		26	19.23	5.17	40		26	30.77	7.03	68		26	46.15	10.10
13		28	17.86	4.29	41		28	28.57	5.85	69		28	42.86	8.20
14		30	16.67	3.60	42		30	26.67	4.95	70		30	40.00	6.90
15	600	4	150.00	/	43	1000	4	250.00	/	71	1500	4	375.00	/
16		6	100.00	/	44		6	166.67	/	72		6	250.00	/
17		8	75.00	46.60	45		8	125.00	53.00	73		8	187.50	63.10
18		10	60.00	38.10	46		10	100.00	44.30	74		10	150.00	52.00
19		12	50.00	30.10	47		12	83.33	37.30	75		12	125.00	42.40
20		14	42.86	23.40	48		14	71.43	30.60	76		14	107.14	35.70
21		16	37.50	18.00	49		16	62.50	25.00	77		16	93.75	29.30
22		18	33.33	13.40	50		18	55.56	20.00	78		18	83.33	24.20
23		20	30.00	10.60	51		20	50.00	15.20	79		20	75.00	20.10
24		22	27.27	8.55	52		22	45.45	11.90	80		22	68.18	16.30
25		24	25.00	6.95	53		24	41.67	9.60	81		24	62.50	13.20
26		26	23.08	5.76	54		26	38.46	8.21	82		26	57.69	11.20
27		28	21.43	4.87	55		28	35.71	7.20	83		28	53.57	9.10
28		30	20.00	4.07	56		30	33.33	6.10	84		30	50.00	8.20

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