钢纤维增强多孔混凝土板水下接触爆炸防爆机理及损伤等级预测

汤长兴; 曹克磊; 赵瑜; 张建伟; 黄锦林; 吕孟杰

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2024-0239

钢纤维增强多孔混凝土板水下接触爆炸防爆机理及损伤等级预测

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2024-0239

1.
华北水利水电大学土木与交通学院，河南郑州 450045
2.
华北水利水电大学水利学院，河南郑州 450046
3.
广东省水利水电科学研究院，广东广州 510610

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（51779168）；河南省高等学校重点科研项目（24A570002）；天津大学水利工程智能建设与运维全国重点实验室开放基金（HESS-2230）

详细信息

作者简介:
汤长兴（1999－　），男，硕士研究生，tangchangxing2023@163.com

通讯作者:
曹克磊（1990－　），男，博士，讲师，caokelei456@163.com

中图分类号: O383; TJ55
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-07-16
- 修回日期: 2024-09-05
- 网络出版日期: 2024-09-06

Study on explosion-proof mechanism and damage level prediction of steel fiber reinforced cellular concrete slab in underwater contact explosion

1.
School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, Henan, China
2.
School of Water Conservancy, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
3.
Guangdong Research Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower, Guangzhou 510610, Guangdong, China

摘要

摘要: 为探究钢纤维增强多孔混凝土材料的水下抗爆防护效果，采用光滑粒子流体动力学与有限元耦合方法建立了“水体-炸药-防护层-钢筋混凝土板”的三维精细化仿真模型，研究了不同纤维配比钢纤维增强多孔混凝土防护层（SAP10S5、SAP10S10、SAP10S15和SAP10S20）和不同炸药质量影响下被防护钢筋混凝土板的损伤演化过程、破坏模式及失效机理，并构建了钢筋混凝土板的损伤等级预测曲线。研究结果表明：水下接触爆炸荷载下，增设钢纤维增强多孔混凝土防护层能够有效降低被防护钢筋混凝土（reinforced concrete，RC）板的损伤程度，且其对RC板损伤程度的影响随防护层中钢纤维体积分数的增加呈先减小后增大的规律，其中SAP10S15配比防护层的抗爆防护效果最优；炸药量在一定范围内增大时，SAP10S15配比防护层依然能维持较高的耗能占比，有效降低RC板的损伤程度；当炸药量为0.25 kg时，相较于无防护方案，SAP10S15配比防护层加固下RC板的损伤指数衰减最明显，为42.5%，损伤等级由严重破坏降为中度破坏。构建的损伤等级预测曲线能够直观评估钢纤维体积分数和炸药量对RC板损伤等级的影响。
- 水下接触爆炸 /
- 钢纤维增强多孔混凝土板 /
- 失效模式 /
- 损伤等级预测
Abstract: In order to explore the underwater anti-explosion protection effect of steel fiber reinforced cellular concrete materials, the damage process of reinforced concrete slabs under underwater contact explosion was reproduced by the coupling method of smoothed particle hydrodynamics and finite element method (SPH-FEM). The validity of the simulation method was verified by comparing with the experimental results. On this basis, a three-dimensional refined simulation model of water-explosive-protective layer-reinforced concrete slab was established by the SPH-FEM coupling method. The damage evolution process, failure mode and failure mechanism of protective layer of steel fiber reinforced cellular concrete (SAP10S5, SAP10S10, SAP10S15 and SAP10S20) with different fiber ratios and explosive mass were studied, and the prediction curve of damage level of reinforced concrete slabs was constructed. The results show that the numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results, which verifies the effectiveness of the simulation method. Under the underwater contact explosion, the addition of protective layer of steel fiber reinforced cellular concrete can effectively reduce the damage degree of protected reinforced concrete (RC) slab, and its influence on the damage degree of RC slab decreases first and then increases with the increase of steel fiber volume fraction in the protective layer. Among them, the anti-explosion protection effect of protective layer of SAP10S15 ratio is the best. When the amount of explosive increases within a certain range, the protective layer of SAP10S15 ratio can still maintain a high proportion of energy consumption and effectively reduce the damage degree of the RC plate. When the amount of explosive is 0.25 kg, the damage index of RC slabs strengthened with protective layer of SAP10S15 has the most obvious attenuation compared with the unprotected scheme, which is 42.5%, and the damage level is reduced from serious damage to moderate damage. The prediction curve of constructed damage level can directly evaluate the influence of steel fiber volume fraction/explosive amount on the damage degree of RC panel. The above research results can provide reference for the anti-explosion protection design of wading concrete structures.
- underwater contact explosion /
- steel fiber reinforced cellular concrete slab /
- failure mode /
- damage level prediction

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图 1 水下接触爆炸试验及钢筋布置

Figure 1. Underwater contact explosion experiment and reinforcement arrangement

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图 2 水下接触爆炸下钢筋混凝土板的数值模型

Figure 2. Numerical model of reinforced concrete slab subjected to underwater contact explosion

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图 3 水下接触爆炸荷载作用下混凝土板损伤破坏形态的试验与数值模拟结果对比

Figure 3. Comparison of experimental and numerical simulation results of damage and failure modes of concrete slabs under underwater contact explosion load

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图 4 炸药-水体-防护层-混凝土板的防爆模型

Figure 4. Explosion-proof model of explosive-water-protective layer-concrete slab

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图 5 钢筋混凝土板的损伤演化过程

Figure 5. Damage evolution in reinforced concrete slabs

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图 6 钢纤维增强多孔混凝土的结构毁伤机理

Figure 6. Structural damage mechanism of steel fiber reinforced cellular concrete

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图 7 无防护层RC板的破坏模式

Figure 7. Damage patterns of RC panels without protective layers

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图 8 RC板的破坏模式

Figure 8. Damage patterns of RC panels

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图 9 失效体积率

Figure 9. Failure volume rate

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图 10 耗能分担率

Figure 10. Energy consumption sharing ratio

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图 11 损伤指数

Figure 11. Damage index

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图 12 RC板损伤等级与防护层配比、炸药量关系的预测曲线

Figure 12. Prediction curves of RC plate damage level in relation to protective layer ratio and explosive volume

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图 13 由经验公式求得的拟合曲面

Figure 13. The fitted surface derived from the empirical formula

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图 14 仿真结果与经验公式拟合结果的关系

Figure 14. Relationship between simulation results and empirical formula fitting results

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表 1 炸药的材料参数

Table 1. Material parameters of explosive

ρ/(kg·m⁻³)	A/GPa	B/GPa	R₁	R₂	ω₁	E_tnt/(GJ·m⁻³)
1650	373.77	3.75	4.15	0.9	0.35	8

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表 2 水体的材料参数

Table 2. Material parameters of water

ρ/(kg·m⁻³)	C/(m·s⁻¹)	S₁	S₂	S₃	γ₀	α
1000	1647	1.921	−0.096	0	1	0

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表 3 不同配比钢纤维增强多孔混凝土的改进K&C模型参数

Table 3. Improved K&C model parameters for steel fibers cellular concrete reinforced in different ratios

防护方案配比	ρ/(g·cm⁻³)	f_c/MPa	ν	b₁	b₂	b₃	a₀/MPa
SAP10S5	2.189	34.46	0.19	1.6	1.96	1.15	8.22
SAP10S10	2.232	39.35	0.19	1.6	2.04	1.15	9.18
SAP10S15	2.270	42.86	0.19	1.6	2.09	1.15	10.03
SAP10S20	2.307	41.04	0.19	1.6	2.06	1.15	9.63

防护方案配比	a₁	a₂/GPa⁻¹	a_0y/MPa	a_1y	a_2y/GPa⁻¹	a_1f	a_2f/GPa⁻¹
SAP10S5	0.38	4.26	6.80	0.53	12.91	0.38	6.23
SAP10S10	0.38	3.77	7.66	0.53	11.45	0.38	5.52
SAP10S15	0.38	3.46	8.36	0.53	10.49	0.38	5.06
SAP10S20	0.38	3.61	8.02	0.53	10.94	0.38	5.28

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表 4 防护方案设计

Table 4. Protection program design

工况	炸药质量/kg	防护层板厚/mm	防护方案配比	RC板厚/mm
1	0.250	100	SAP10S5	150
2	0.250	100	SAP10S10
3	0.250	100	SAP10S15
4	0.250	100	SAP10S20
5	0.375	100	SAP10S15
6	0.500	100	SAP10S15
7	0.625	100	SAP10S15
8	0.750	100	SAP10S15

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