爆破荷载作用下透明脆性材料的三维裂纹扩展行为

陶子豪; 李祥龙; 王建国; 胡启文; 左庭; 胡涛

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2024-0385

爆破荷载作用下透明脆性材料的三维裂纹扩展行为

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2024-0385

陶子豪^{1, 2,},
李祥龙^{1, 2, ,},
王建国^{1, 2},
胡启文^{1, 2},
左庭^{1, 2},
胡涛^{1, 2}

1.
昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院，云南，昆明 650093
2.
云南省教育厅爆破新技术工程研究中心，云南，昆明 650093

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52274083）；云南省重大科技专项（202202AG050014）；云南省“兴滇英才支持计划”产业创新人才项目（KKXY202421005）

详细信息

作者简介:
陶子豪（1993－　），男，博士研究生，taozihao931108@163.com

通讯作者:
李祥龙（1980－　），男，博士，教授，lxl00014002@163.com

中图分类号: O382.2; TJ301
计量
- 文章访问数: 153
- HTML全文浏览量: 17
- PDF下载量: 76
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-10-11
- 修回日期: 2025-04-27
- 网络出版日期: 2025-05-15

Three-dimensional crack propagation behaviors of transparent brittle materials under blasting load

TAO Zihao^{1, 2
,},
LI Xianglong^{1, 2
, ,},
WNAG Jianguo^{1, 2},
HU Qiwen^{1, 2},
ZUO Ting^{1, 2},
HU Tao^{1, 2}

1.
Faculty of Land Resource Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China
2.
Advanced Blasting Technology Engineering Research Center of Yunnan Province Education Department, Kunming Kunming, Yunnan 650093, China

摘要

摘要: 岩石等脆性材料在爆炸荷载作用下裂纹扩展行为通常难以捕捉。基于爆破损伤理论，利用有机玻璃（PMMA）脆性材料透明特性进行爆破模型试验，借助高速摄影技术和CT扫描系统深入探究爆破荷载作用下动态断裂行为和三维裂纹演化规律，结合三维扫描技术揭示裂纹三维形态和破裂面形貌特征。结果表明：在多段爆破能量持续作用下，脆性材料的裂纹存在多次激发扩展的情况；爆炸冲击波产生的初始裂纹数密度高，呈鱼鳞状形貌从“崎岖”向“微波”过渡，平整度提高。其中，裂纹面高程方差值随距离的增大从0.796降低至0.586；最大高度从3.2 m降低至2.8 mm，降低了12.5%。随着到爆炸中心距离的增大，介质由压剪破坏向张拉破坏转变，裂纹分布区分形维数和模型损伤度降低。
- 脆性材料 /
- 爆破荷载 /
- 动态断裂 /
- 三维裂纹 /
- 形貌特征
Abstract: The crack propagation behavior of brittle materials, such as rock, is often challenging to capture under explosive loading conditions. To address this issue, model experiments were conducted based on the theory of explosive damage, utilizing transparent polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) as a surrogate material to simulate the fracture response of brittle materials. High-speed photography and CT scanning were employed to investigate the dynamic fracture process and three-dimensional crack evolution under blast loading. In addition, 3D scanning technology was used to reconstruct the morphology of cracks and characterize the fracture surface features. The results indicate that under the sustained action of multi-stage explosive energy, cracks undergo repeated initiation and propagation. Initial cracks induced by shock waves exhibit high density and a “fish scale” pattern, primarily concentrated around the blast hole. In contrast, secondary cracks driven by detonation gases have a lower density and extend outward in “ear-shaped” or “dagger-shaped” forms. As the distance from the explosion center increases, the crack surface morphology transitions from rugged to microwave-like textures, with improved flatness. Specifically, the elevation variance of the fracture surface decreases from 0.796 to 0.586, while the maximum height reduces from 3.2 mm to 2.8 mm, representing a 12.5% reduction. Moreover, the failure mode of the material shifts from compressive-shear to tensile failure with increasing distance from the explosion center. This shift is accompanied by a decline in both the fractal dimension of the crack distribution and the overall damage degree of the model.
- brittle materials /
- blasting load /
- dynamic fracture /
- three-dimensional crack /
- topographical feature

HTML全文

图 1 爆炸过程及炮孔内不同位置的孔压

Figure 1. Detonation process and hole pressure at different positions in the hole

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图 2 PMMA爆破模型试验系统、模型尺寸及装药示意图

Figure 2. PMMA blasting test system and model, charge diagram

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图 3 PMMA爆破裂纹扩展演化过程

Figure 3. Crack growth process of PMMA during blasting

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图 4 掏槽爆破裂纹扩展形态

Figure 4. Crack growth patterns of cut blasting

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图 5 X射线源CT扫描系统

Figure 5. X-ray industrial CT detection system

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图 6 CT扫描和三维裂纹重建

Figure 6. CT scanning and 3D reconstruction of cracks

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图 7 裂纹面三维形貌色谱处理流程

Figure 7. 3D morphology chromatographic processing flow of crack surface

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图 8 不同区域下断裂面的三维形貌色谱图

Figure 8. 3D morphology chromatogram of the lower fracture surface in different regions

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图 9 断裂面点云数据最大高度和方差

Figure 9. Point cloud of maximum height and variance of fracture

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图 10 破裂面高度频率分布直方图和趋势

Figure 10. Histogram and trend of height-frequency distribution of fracture surface

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图 11 试件不同位置裂纹分布区分形维数拟合曲线

Figure 11. Fitting curves of fractal dimension of cracks at different positions of the specimen

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图 12 三维裂纹起裂力学模型

Figure 12. Schematic diagram of 3D crack initiation mechanical model

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图 13 裂纹扩展模式及裂纹特征

Figure 13. Crack propagation mode and crack characteristics

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