加载速率对ACC结构抗剪性能的影响

单仁亮; 肖圣超; 宋威; 柏皓博; 李泳臻; 赵鑫鹏; 仝潇

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2024-0403

加载速率对ACC结构抗剪性能的影响

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2024-0403

1.
中国矿业大学（北京）力学与土木工程学院，北京 100083
2.
河北工程大学地球科学与工程学院，河北邯郸 056038

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52274148）

详细信息

作者简介:
单仁亮（1964－　），男，博士，教授，博士生导师，srl@cumtb.edu.cn

通讯作者:
肖圣超（1996－　），男，博士研究生，xsc15650702592@126.com

中图分类号: O383
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-10-23
- 修回日期: 2025-01-06
- 网络出版日期: 2025-01-07

Effect of loading rate on the shear performance of ACC structures

1.
School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
2.
School of Earth Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, Hebei, China

摘要

摘要: 通过试验和数值模拟分析，研究了锚索和新型管索组合结构（anchor cable with C-shaped tube，ACC）在不同加载速率条件下的双结构面剪切力学特性和变形破坏机制。在混凝土试块强度为55 MPa，预应力为200 kN条件下，分别以2、10、20、30、40 mm/min的剪切位移加载速率进行双结构面剪切试验。试验以剪切变形曲线、结构峰值剪切荷载、钢丝破坏形态和结构面抗剪强度贡献为主要参数。结果表明：加载速率对结构的抗剪性能有显著的影响，在一定的加载速率区间内，受损伤累积速度和应变率强化效应的影响，结构分别表现出强度弱化和强度强化的特性，抗剪承载能力出现较大的变化。在结构面附近，支护结构表现出拉剪组合破坏现象，但由于ACC结构中C形管的存在，应力集中效应降低，试验曲线波动减弱，内部钢丝受剪切作用破坏的情况与锚索相比明显减弱。同时，以试验结果为基础构建的ACC结构双剪试验数值模型的准确性较高，动荷载试验的数值模拟结果表明，ACC结构形成的锚固系统具备良好的吸能效果，冲击能量越大，吸能效果越明显；且ACC结构在高速冲击作用下，表现出明显的应变率强化效应，冲击速度越大，抗剪承载能力越高。
- 双结构面剪切试验 /
- 管索组合结构 /
- 变形破坏特性 /
- 数值模拟 /
- 冲击荷载
Abstract: The shear mechanical properties and deformation damage mechanism of the double structural planes of traditional anchor cables and new anchor cables with C-shaped tube structures (abbreviated as ACC) under different loading rate conditions were investigated through experimental and numerical simulation analyses. Dual structural face shear tests were conducted at shear displacement loading rates of 2, 10, 20, 30, and 40 mm/min under 55 MPa concrete specimen strength and 200 kN preload, with shear deformation curves, peak structural shear loads, steel wire damage patterns, and structural plane shear strength contributions as the main parameters considered. The results show that the loading rate significantly affects the shear performance of the structure. Within a certain loading rate interval, influenced by the damage accumulation rate and the strain rate strengthening effect, the structure exhibits characteristics of strength weakening and strengthening, respectively, with a large variation interval in shear load-carrying capacity. Near the structural plane, the support structure shows a combination of tensile and shear damage. However, the ACC structure, due to the presence of the C-shaped tube, exhibits lower stress concentration effects, reduced fluctuation in the test curve, and significantly weakened internal steel wire damage compared to traditional anchor cables. Meanwhile, the numerical model of the double shear test of the ACC structure, constructed based on the test results, exhibits high accuracy. Numerical simulations of dynamic loading tests demonstrate that the anchoring system formed by the ACC structure has a good energy absorption effect, which becomes more pronounced with increasing impact energy. Under high-speed impact, the ACC structure is significantly affected by the strain rate reinforcement effect, with higher shear load capacity at greater impact velocities.
- double structural surface shear test /
- anchor cable with C-shaped tube structures /
- deformation damage characteristics /
- numerical simulation /
- impact load

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图 1 管索组合结构示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of anchor cable with C-shaped tube

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图 2 试验系统图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of test system

1. Computer-Controlled Module；2. Tensile-Testing Module；3. Shear-Testing Module；4. Tensile Load Application End；5. Anchored Termination of Support Member；6. Shear Load Application End；7. Shear Box and Concrete Specimen；8. Test Support Member；9. Bracing Beam and Fixed Column；10. Shear-Testing Support Pedestal

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图 3 支护结构的剪切荷载和轴向荷载随剪切位移变化曲线

Figure 3. Shear and axial load response curves of support structures versus shear displacement

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图 4 支护构件的峰值剪切荷载

Figure 4. Peak shear capacity of support members

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图 5 不同加载速率下支护构件的破坏形态

Figure 5. Failure morphologies of support members under varied loading rates

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图 6 钢丝的剪切破断数量变化

Figure 6. Evolution of shear-induced fractures in steel wires

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图 7 ACC结构的抗剪作用机理示意图

Figure 7. Schematic diagram of shear resistance mechanism in Acc structure

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图 8 ACC结构双剪试验数值模型

Figure 8. Numerical model of double shear test for ACC Structure

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图 9 数值模拟中ACC结构的变形过程

Figure 9. Deformation evolution of ACC structures in numerical simulation

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图 10 数值模拟与试验得到的剪切荷载-剪切位移曲线

Figure 10. Comparative shear load-displacement curves from numerical simulation and experimental tests

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图 11 数值模拟与试验得到的混凝土受压损伤区域

Figure 11. Compressive damage zones in concrete: numerical simulation versus experimental validation

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图 12 动态冲击荷载下双剪试验的数值模型

Figure 12. Numerical model of double shear test under dynamic impact loading

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图 13 ACC结构内部锚索的应力变化

Figure 13. Stress variation in internal anchor cables of the acc structure

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图 14 冲击荷载作用下ACC结构的吸能与峰值剪切荷载

Figure 14. Energy absorption and peak shear load in ACC structures under impact loads

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表 1 混凝土试块参数

Table 1. Parameters of concrete specimens

密度/ (kg·m⁻³)	弹性模量/ GPa	泊松比	剪胀角/°	内聚力/ MPa	抗压强度/ MPa
2400	38.5	0.2	38	1.0	55

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表 2 加载速率剪切试验方案

Table 2. Shear testing protocol under varied loading rates

结构类型	加载速率/(mm·min⁻¹)	预应力/kN	索径/mm	长度/mm
锚索	2～40	200	17.8	1400
ACC	2～40	200	17.8	1400

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表 3 锚索与ACC结构在5种不同加载速率条件下的峰值荷载与破断位移

Table 3. Peak load and failure displacement of anchor cables and ACC structures under five loading rate conditions

加载速率/(mm·min⁻¹)	结构类型	峰值剪切荷载/kN	峰值轴向荷载/kN	破断位移/mm
2	锚索	435.18	304.19	83.21
2	ACC	654.12	330.21	81.71
10	锚索	331.62	305.36	53.79
10	ACC	609.81	328.33	68.36
20	锚索	314.43	300.12	49.35
20	ACC	511.34	313.92	68.87
30	锚索	329.08	295.61	45.46
30	ACC	560.77	322.66	70.10
40	锚索	373.29	311.52	58.73
40	ACC	655.27	332.06	83.19

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表 4 锚索与ACC结构的抗剪性能相关参数

Table 4. Comparative parameters of shear performance between anchor cables and acc structures

加载速率/(mm·min⁻¹)	结构类型	$ {T}_{max}^{*} $	$ P $/%	$ {\eta }_{c} $/%
2	锚索	0.60	50.31	33.47
2	ACC	0.89	50.31	33.47
10	锚索	0.45	83.89	45.62
10	ACC	0.84	83.89	45.62
20	锚索	0.43	62.62	38.51
20	ACC	0.70	62.62	38.51
30	锚索	0.45	70.41	41.32
30	ACC	0.77	70.41	41.32
40	锚索	0.51	75.54	43.03
40	ACC	0.90	75.54	43.03

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表 5 锚索参数

Table 5. Parameters of the anchor cable

密度/ (kg·m⁻³)	弹性模量/ GPa	屈服应力/ MPa	泊松比	截面积/ mm²	直径/ mm
7800	208.4	1662	0.31	193.98	17.8

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表 6 C形管参数

Table 6. Parameters of C- shaped tube

密度/ (kg·m⁻³)	弹性模量/ GPa	屈服应力/ MPa	泊松比	外径/ mm	内径/ mm
7850	210	345	0.3	28	24

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