含缺陷装药高过载安定性的表征和评估

李强; 安豪; 周炜智; 黄求安; 王健; 杜烨

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2025-0133

含缺陷装药高过载安定性的表征和评估

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2025-0133

李强^1,,
安豪¹,
周炜智²,
黄求安³,
王健¹,
杜烨^1, ,

1.
中北大学机电工程学院，山西太原 030051
2.
北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室，北京 100081
3.
中国兵器装备集团自动化研究所有限公司，四川绵阳 621000

基金项目: 山西省自然科学面上基金（No.20210302124196, No.202203021211097），中北大学毁伤技术重点实验室开放研究基金（No.DXMBJJ2023-04）

详细信息

作者简介:
李　强（1985－　），男，博士，副教授，liqiang1170@126.com

通讯作者:
杜　烨（1979－　），女，博士，副教授，29872858@qq.com

中图分类号: TQ560.1
计量
- 文章访问数: 602
- HTML全文浏览量: 71
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-05-06
- 修回日期: 2025-07-02
- 网络出版日期: 2025-07-05

Characterization and evaluation of stability of defective charge under high overload

LI Qiang^1
,,
AN Hao¹,
ZHOU Weizhi²,
HUANG Qiuan³,
WANG Jian¹,
DU Ye^{1
, ,}

1.
College of Mechatronic Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
3.
AutomationResearch Institute Co., Ltd., China South Industries Group Corporation, Mianyang 621000, China

摘要

摘要: 为定量评估含缺陷装药的过载安定性，基于装药过载环境力实验装置，同时兼顾高过载压力和宽脉冲，测试了不同缺陷的装药载荷特征值；通过量化实验装置对装药载荷特征值的影响规律，建立了装药响应行为与图像灰度的关联机制；引入测试装置转换因子，提出了含缺陷装药的过载安定性评估模型，预测了不同缺陷装药的响应临界压力阈值。结果表明：实验装置能够实现大于1 GPa的过载峰值和脉冲宽度大于100 μs的高冲量脉冲；随着缺陷的直径增加，加载响应的反应等级显著升高；随着装药缺陷直径由0 mm增加到12 mm，燃烧反应临界压力由0.71 GPa向0.26 GPa递减；当装药的缺陷直径达到10 mm时，出现爆燃反应临界压力，为1.56 GPa；随着缺陷直径增加，爆燃反应临界压力递减，在缺陷为$\varnothing $12 mm时减为1.25 GPa。运用模型预测得到反应临界压力，处于由反应最小过载压力和未反应最大过载压力包围成的实验数据置信范围内，验证了模型的可靠性。
- 含缺陷装药 /
- 高过载 /
- 大脉宽 /
- 安定性评估 /
- 响应临界压力
Abstract: In order to quantitatively evaluate the overload stability of charge with defects, by adjusting the material and thickness of the waveform modulator, the waveform, amplitude, and pulse width of the loading signal were precisely controlled, based on the overload environmental force experimental device, the eigenvalues of charge load with different defects were measured, which can take into account the high overload pressure and wide pulse at the same time. The response degree of the charges under investigation was quantitatively characterized based on the burn marks, damage level, and mechanical fitting performance of the witness plates, grayscale numerical processing was applied to the surface images of the recovered witness plates after testing, the influence of the experimental system on the eigenvalues of charge load was quantified, and the correlation mechanism between charge response behavior and image grayscale was established. Based on clustering analysis, the primary stimulating factors affecting the stability of the charges, including defect diameter, flyer thickness, and the material and thickness of the waveform modulator, were classified, the corresponding conversion factors of the test device were introduced, the evaluation model of overload stability of defective charge was constructed, and the response critical pressure thresholds of different defective charges were predicted. The results indicate that the overload peak value greater than 1 GPa and high-impact pulse width greater than 100 μs can be achieved. With the increase of defect diameter, the response level of loading response increases significantly. The critical pressure of combustion reaction decreases from 0.71 GPa to 0.26 GPa with the increase of charge defect diameter from 0 mm to 12 mm. When the defect diameter of the charge reaches 10 mm, the critical pressure of deflagration reaction is 1.56 GPa. With the increase of defect diameter, the critical pressure of deflagration reaction decreases to 1.25 GPa when the defect is $\varnothing $12 mm. The critical reaction pressures predicted by the model are all within the confidence range of the experimental data surrounded by the minimum reaction overload pressure and the maximum unreacted overload pressure. The reliability of the model is verified, which verifies the reliability of the model.
- defective charge /
- high overload /
- large pulse width /
- stability evaluation /
- response critical pressure

HTML全文

图 1 装药冲击过载测试装置示意图^[39]

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of charging impact overload testing device^[39]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 不同缺陷直径的装药实验后残骸照片

Figure 2. Wreckage photographs after experiment of charge with different defect diameters

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图 3 响应等级界定示意图

Figure 3. Reaction type definition schematic diagram

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图 4 装药响应灰度处理

Figure 4. Grayscale processing of charge response

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图 5 两种波形调整器材料获得的压力-时间曲线

Figure 5. Pressure-time curves obtained from waveform adjusters of two materials

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图 6 不同方案载荷特征值分布规律

Figure 6. Law of eigenvalue distribution of loads in different schemes

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图 7 不同缺陷装药的临界过载压力

Figure 7. Critical overload pressure of charge with different defects

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图 9 装药缺陷直径与反应临界压力关系图

Figure 9. Relationship between defect diameter of charge and critical reaction pressure

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图 8 模型评估原理图

Figure 8. Schematic diagram of model evaluation

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表 1 实验参数组合方案

Table 1. Combination scheme of experimental parameters

序号	D/mm	H/mm	δ/mm	波形调整器材料	序号	D/mm	H/mm	δ/mm	波形调整器材料
1	0	5	13	A	11	10	2	5	B
2	0	3.5	13	A	12	11	5	50	A
3	5	5	13	B	13	11	5	25	A
4	5	5	13	A	14	11	2	25	A
5	8	5	25	A	15	11	2	5	B
6	8	5	13	B	16	12	5	50	B
7	10	5	25	B	17	12	5	25	A
8	10	5	13	B	18	12	2	25	B
9	10	5	13	A	19	12	2	13	B
10	10	2	13	B
注：D为装药缺陷直径、H为飞片厚度、δ为波形调整器厚度

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表 2 各种转换因子的取值

Table 2. Values of various conversion factors

影响因素	k₁₁	k₂₁	k₂₂	k₃₁
取值范围	5.20～5.30	2.80～2.90	1.20～1.25	0.10～0.25
注：k₁₁为飞片厚度转换因子；k₂₁为波形调整器厚度转换因子；k₂₂为波形调整器泊松比转换因子；k₃₁为装药缺陷直径转换因子。

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表 3 模型的计算结果统计

Table 3. Statistics of calculation results of the model

D/mm	H/mm	δ/mm	v	p/GPa	a₁₁	a₂₁	a₂₂	a_p	a₃	a	响应等级
0	5	13	0.5	0.65	0.2	0.03	0.63	0.09	0.2	0.165	Ⅰ
	5	5	0.3	0.71	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	Ⅱ
	3.5	13	0.5	0.85	0.61	0.03	0.63	0.21	0.2	0.234	80%Ⅲ
5	5	13	0.3	0.56	0.2	0.03	0.2	0.07	0.22	0.154	Ⅰ
	3.5	25	0.5	0.62	0.61	0.01	0.63	0.22	0.22	0.204	Ⅱ
	5	5	0.5	0.83	0.2	0.2	0.63	0.12	0.22	0.239	92%Ⅲ
8	3.5	25	0.3	0.53	0.61	0.01	0.2	0.20	0.316	0.189	Ⅰ
	5	13	0.3	0.55	0.2	0.03	0.2	0.07	0.316	0.201	Ⅱ
	5	13	0.5	0.65	0.2	0.03	0.63	0.09	0.316	0.22	47%Ⅲ
10	5	25	0.3	0.32	0.2	0.01	0.2	0.07	0.325	0.185	Ⅰ
	5	25	0.5	0.47	0.2	0.01	0.63	0.09	0.325	0.205	Ⅱ
	3.5	5	0.3	0.93	0.61	0.2	0.2	0.22	0.325	0.267	100%Ⅲ
	2	5	0.3	1.56	0.72	0.2	0.2	0.26	0.325	0.301	Ⅳ
	2	5	0.5	1.66	0.85	0.2	0.63	0.28	0.325	0.32	40%Ⅴ
11	5	50	0.3	0.21	0.2	0.06	0.2	0.08	0.33	0.188	Ⅰ
	5	25	0.3	0.33	0.2	0.01	0.2	0.07	0.33	0.199	Ⅱ
	3.5	5	0.5	1.07	0.61	0.2	0.63	0.22	0.33	0.241	97%Ⅲ
	2	13	0.3	1.33	0.61	0.03	0.2	0.20	0.33	0.298	Ⅳ
	2	13	0.5	1.45	0.72	0.03	0.63	0.25	0.33	0.316	32%Ⅴ
12	5	50	0.3	0.21	0.2	0.006	0.2	0.08	0.332	0.185	Ⅰ
	5	50	0.5	0.26	0.2	0.006	0.63	0.09	0.332	0.202	Ⅱ
	3.5	5	0.5	1.07	0.61	0.2	0.63	0.24	0.332	0.242	99%Ⅲ
	2	25	0.5	1.25	0.72	0.01	0.63	0.25	0.332	0.297	Ⅳ
	2	13	0.5	1.45	0.72	0.03	0.63	0.25	0.332	0.322	44%Ⅴ
注：v为波形调整器材料泊松比，p为冲击过载压力，Ⅰ表示未反应，Ⅱ表示开始燃烧，Ⅲ表示发生燃烧反应，Ⅳ表示开始爆燃，Ⅴ表示发生爆燃反应，百分比表示响应程度。

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