Machine learning-driven low-velocity impact response prediction and multi-objective optimization of origami metamaterial sandwich
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摘要: 本文受三浦折纸和星形蜂窝的混杂拓扑设计启发,提出了一种新型折纸超材料夹芯复合结构,并融合机器学习实现了其低速冲击响应的预测和多目标优化。通过落锤冲击实验和有限元仿真,系统探究了该结构在低速冲击下的动态力学响应和变形失效模式。结果表明,折纸启发的拓扑结构有效将传统蜂窝结构的瞬时完全断裂转化为渐进压溃失效,从而显著提升其抗冲击性能。随后提出了残差连接增强的深度学习模型,实现了对该结构完整低速冲击响应的快速精确端到端预测,计算效率较有限元仿真大幅提升。并基于此参数化分析了关键角度对冲击响应和等效密度的调控机理,特别是角度变化诱导的壁板拉压变形与折痕弯曲变形间的载荷重分布现象,使结构能在承载型与缓冲型功能间切换,提供了冲击响应与失效模式主动可调控的机理依据。最后,进一步结合强化学习和帕累托前沿分析,以训练完备的深度学习模型作为代理模型,针对承载防护和缓冲防护需求实现了结构的轻量化多目标优化。在等效密度相近时,折纸超材料能够实现峰值力的大范围调控,有益于针对不同防护场景按需定制化开发的防护结构。本文研究成果不仅为开发可定制化高性能冲击防护结构奠定了坚实基础,更推动了该领域向智能化、按需化设计的新范式迈进。
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关键词:
Abstract: Inspired by the hybrid topology design integrating Miura origami and star-shaped honeycomb, this study proposes a novel origami metamaterial sandwich and employs machine learning to achieve the low-velocity impact response prediction and multi-objective optimization. Through drop-weight impact experiments and finite element simulations, the dynamic mechanical response and deformation failure modes of the sandwich under low-velocity impact are systematically investigated. The results demonstrate that the origami inspired topologies effectively transforms the instantaneous complete fracture of traditional honeycombs into progressive crushing failure, thereby significantly enhancing impact resistance. Subsequently, a residual connection-enhanced deep learning model is developed, enabling rapid and precise end-to-end prediction of the complete low-velocity impact response, with computational efficiency substantially surpassing that of finite element simulations. Parameterized analysis based on this model reveals the regulatory mechanisms of key angle parameters on impact response and effective density. Particularly, angle variations induce a load redistribution phenomenon between panel tension-compression deformation and crease bending deformation, allowing the metamaterial to switch between bearing and buffering protective functions. This provides a mechanism basis for actively controlling impact response and failure modes. Furthermore, by integrating reinforcement learning and Pareto front analysis, the trained deep learning model served as a surrogate model to achieve lightweight multi-objective optimization tailored for load-bearing and impact-mitigation protection requirements. At similar effective densities, the metamaterial enables broad-range tuning of peak force, offering significant advantages for developing customized protective structures for diverse scenarios. This research not only establishes a solid foundation for creating customizable high-performance impact protection structures but also advances the field toward a new paradigm of intelligent, on-demand design. -
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