Implementation of Metallic Material Constitutive Models Based on Artificial Neural Networks in Explicit Finite Element Analysis
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摘要: 机器学习技术正广泛地应用于材料行为预测,相较于传统数值方法展现出显著优势。本文以 CoCrFeNiMn 高熵合金为研究对象,首先开展了不同温度与应变率下的压缩实验,获得了应力–应变数据;随后基于实验结果建立了修正的 Johnson–Cook 本构模型,并用于有限元仿真生成机器学习训练数据。在此基础上构建人工神经网络(ANN)模型,对材料流动应力进行学习与预测。为实现神经网络在有限元框架中的高效应用,开发了基于 FORTRAN 的自动代码生成工具,将训练完成的 ANN 模型嵌入到 Abaqus/Explicit 计算平台中。结果表明,该方法预测精度高,相对误差低于 1%,且计算效率优于传统本构模型。基于数据驱动的神经网络方法可有效替代传统本构模型在有限元中的应用,为金属材料的数值建模与模拟提供了一条有效路径。
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关键词:
Abstract: Machine learning techniques have emerged as a powerful tool for constitutive modeling and prediction of material response, offering superior accuracy and computational efficiency compared to conventional numerical approaches. This study presents a strategy for embedding artificial neural network (ANN) models into the finite element (FE) framework to enable automated and high-accuracy constitutive modeling of complex metallic materials. A FORTRAN-based automated code generator was developed to convert trained ANN models into the VUHARD user subroutine format, allowing direct integration into the Abaqus/Explicit solver without manual coding. The CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy was chosen as a case study to validate the proposed method. A modified Johnson-Cook model was established as a benchmark for comparison with ANN-based simulations. Results show that the ANN-driven approach achieves superior predictive accuracy, with relative errors in flow stress consistently below 1%, while significantly improving computational efficiency. In addition, by leveraging the inherent differentiability of ANNs, the framework can automatically compute the derivatives required for the radial return algorithm, thereby ensuring robust convergence in nonlinear constitutive calculations. The findings confirm that the data-driven ANN-VUHARD integration provides a highly accurate and efficient alternative to conventional constitutive models. This approach eliminates the need fortime-consuming manual subroutine development when built-in models in commercial FE software are insufficient to describe complex thermomechanical responses. More broadly, the study establishes a generalized and scalable pathway for incorporating machine learning models into FE simulations of advanced materials, with considerable potential for application to high-entropy alloys and other systems with intricate deformation mechanisms. The proposed methodology demonstrates clear advantages for accelerating both academic research and industrial design processes. -
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