N<sub>2</sub>/CO<sub>2</sub>协同抑制正丁烷爆炸机理研究

李言省; 陈金射; 李寒雪; 陈海燕; 齐千宇; 王磊; 张仰敏; 亓冠圣

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2026-0021

N₂/CO₂协同抑制正丁烷爆炸机理研究

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2026-0021

李言省^1,,
陈金射^{1, 2, 3, ,},
李寒雪¹,
陈海燕^{1, 2},
齐千宇¹,
王磊¹,
张仰敏⁴,
亓冠圣^{1, 2}

1.
山东科技大学安全与环境工程学院，山东青岛 266590
2.
山东科技大学露天煤矿灾害防治与生态保护国家重点实验室，山东青岛 266590
3.
青岛市生产安全火灾事故智能控制工程中心，山东青岛 266590
4.
山东鲁轻安全评价技术有限公司，山东济南 250101

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52374215，52374216）;山东省自然科学基金（ZR2025MS907，ZR2023ME074）

详细信息

作者简介:
李言省（2002－　），男，硕士研究生。 505813178@qq.com

通讯作者:
陈金射（1985－　），男，博士，副教授. skd1643@sdust.edu.cn

中图分类号: B
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2026-01-14
- 修回日期: 2026-05-07
- 网络出版日期: 2026-05-15

Study on the synergistic inhibition mechanism of N₂/CO₂ on n-butane explosion

LI Yansheng^1
,,
CHEN Jinshe^{1, 2, 3
, ,},
LI Hanxue¹,
CHEN Haiyan^{1, 2},
QI Qianyu¹,
WANG Lei¹,
ZHANG Yangmin⁴,
QI Guansheng^{1, 2}

1.
College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, Shandong China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Ecology Protection in Open-pit Coal Mines, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, Shandong China
3.
Qingdao Intelligent Control Engineering Center for Production Safety Fire Accident, Qingdao 266590, Shandong China
4.
Shandong Luqing Safety Assessment Technology Co., Ltd., Jinan 250101, Shandong China

摘要

摘要: 正丁烷是一种用途极其广泛的低级烷烃，不仅是清洁、高效的能源载体，更是现代石油化学工业的关键起始原料之一。正丁烷固有的高可燃性与易爆性，在生产、储存、运输及使用过程中构成了显著的安全挑战。为降低爆炸风险，利用多视窗气体/粉尘/液雾爆炸抑爆综合实验装置研究了正丁烷-空气混合物的爆炸过程及单一N₂、N₂/CO₂混合气对爆炸过程的抑制作用：对比不同正丁烷浓度下的实验结果，确定了正丁烷的最佳爆炸浓度；调整惰性气体比例，发现了N₂/CO₂的物理化学协同抑制效果优于单一N₂的物理抑制效果；利用高速摄像机从火焰速度和火焰结构的变化进一步验证了协同抑制效果的优越性。最后，通过Chemkin数值模拟研究了正丁烷/空气混合物的爆炸机理及惰性气体协同抑制的抑制机理，结果表明，CO₂对反应过程中的H自由基和OH自由基有很强的抑制作用，且影响了基元反应的最大ROP。研究结果为惰化正丁烷爆炸技术提供了实验依据和理论支撑。
- 正丁烷爆炸 /
- 火焰传播 /
- 爆炸抑制 /
- 协同效应 /
- CHEMKIN模拟
Abstract: N-butane is a highly versatile low-molecular-weight alkane that serves not only as a clean and efficient energy carrier but also as a key feedstock in the modern petrochemical industry. However, its inherently high flammability and explosibility pose significant safety challenges during production, storage, transportation, and utilization. To effectively mitigate explosion risks, an integrated multi-view gas/dust/liquid-mist explosion-suppression test apparatus was employed to investigate the explosion behavior of n-butane–air mixtures and the suppression effects of pure N₂ and N₂/CO₂ mixtures. By varying the n-butane concentration, the most explosive concentration was first determined. Subsequently, different concentrations of nitrogen and N₂/CO₂ mixtures with varying proportions were introduced. As the proportion of CO₂ increased, the maximum explosion pressure, maximum pressure rise rate, and explosion index of the n-butane–air mixture progressively decreased, whereas the times required to reach the peak pressure and maximum pressure rise rate were progressively prolonged. Adjustment of the inert-gas composition revealed that the physicochemical synergistic suppression effect of the N₂/CO₂ mixture was stronger than the purely physical suppression effect of N₂ alone. High-speed camera observations of changes in flame velocity and morphology further confirmed the superiority of this synergistic suppression effect. It was therefore concluded that the physicochemical synergistic suppression effect of N₂/CO₂ is superior to the physical suppression effect of pure N₂. Furthermore, the chemical reaction kinetics of premixed n-butane–air mixtures under different conditions were investigated using Chemkin numerical simulation software. The results demonstrate that, as the proportion of CO₂ in the inert-gas mixture increases, the sensitivity of explosion pressure gradually decreases and the explosion reaction rate is substantially reduced. Compared with pure N₂, CO₂ exhibits a stronger synergistic physicochemical inhibitory effect on H and OH radicals during the reaction process. Moreover, it alters the maximum reaction rates (ROPs) of elementary reactions, thereby effectively suppressing the explosion reactions of premixed n-butane gas. These findings provide experimental evidence and theoretical support for technologies aimed at suppressing n-butane explosions.
- n-butane explosion /
- flame propagation /
- explosion suppression /
- synergistic effect /
- Chemkin simulation

HTML全文

图 1 多视窗气体/粉尘/液雾爆炸抑爆综合实验装置

Figure 1. Multi-window gas/dust/liquid mist explosion suppression integrated test facility

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 不同浓度正丁烷-空气混合物的爆炸压力曲线

Figure 2. Explosion pressure curves for n-butane-air mixtures at different concentrations

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 不同浓度N₂下正丁烷-空气混合物的爆炸压力曲线

Figure 3. Explosion pressure curves of n-butane-air mixtures at different N₂ concentrations

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图 4 不同浓度正丁烷-空气混合物的最大爆炸压力、最大压力上升速率、压力峰值到达时间、最大压力上升速率到达时间和爆炸指数

Figure 4. Maximum explosion pressure, maximum pressure rise rate, pressure peak arrive time, maximum pressure rise rate arrive time, and explosion index for n-butane-air mixtures at different concentrations

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 不同N₂浓度下正丁烷-空气混合物的最大爆炸压力、最大压力上升速率、压力峰值到达时间、最大压力上升速率到达时间和爆炸指数

Figure 5. Maximum explosion pressure, maximum pressure rise rate, pressure peak arrive time, maximum pressure rise rate arrive time, and explosion index of n-butane-air mixtures at different N₂ concentrations

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 不同掺混浓度下正丁烷-空气混合物的最大爆炸压力、最大压力上升速率、压力峰值到达时间、最大压力上升速率到达时间和爆炸指数

Figure 6. Maximum explosion pressure, maximum pressure rise rate, pressure peak arrive time, maximum pressure rise rate arrive time, and explosion index of n-butane-air mixtures at different blending concentrations

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图 7 不同浓度的正丁烷火焰图像

Figure 7. Flame images of n-butane at different concentrations

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图 8 不同浓度N₂下的正丁烷火焰图像

Figure 8. Flame images of n-butane under different concentrations of N₂

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图 9 不同浓度惰性混合气体下的正丁烷火焰图像

Figure 9. Flame images of n-butane under different concentrations of inert mixture gas

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图 10 不同惰性混合气体下的压力敏感系数

Figure 10. Pressure sensitivity coefficient under different Inert mixture gases

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图 11 正丁烷空气预混气体爆炸过程中H自由基生成速率变化

Figure 11. Variation in H radical formation rate during the explosion of n-butane-air premixed gas

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图 12 正丁烷空气预混气体爆炸过程中OH自由基生成速率变化

Figure 12. Variation in OH radical formation rate during the explosion of n-butane-air premixed gas

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图 13 不同惰性条件下主要参与物质的摩尔分数变化情况

Figure 13. Changes in molar fractions of key reactants under different inert conditions

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图 14 惰性气体抑制正丁烷爆炸机理

Figure 14. N₂/CO₂ suppression mechanism for n-butane explosion

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表 1 不同浓度正丁烷的最大爆炸压力

Table 1. Maximum explosion pressure of n-butane at different concentrations

浓度/% 最大爆炸压力/MPa

3.4 0.780
3.6 0.824
3.8 0.841
4.0 0.821
4.2 0.751

下载: 导出CSV

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