In-Situ experiment on human dynamic response and perceived ECG changes under blasting vibration
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摘要: 复杂敏感环境爆破施工过程,最大限度控制爆破振动对周边居民的干扰(扰民)是其核心。为量化评价爆破振动对人体的影响,通过开展真实人体的原位爆破响应试验,结合数字图像相关技术(DIC)与心电变化(ECG)同步测量系统,分析不同强度爆破振动作用下人体结构体表动态响应特征,建立考虑身高影响的人体分区(腰部以下、腰部以上)峰值振速(PPV)预测模型;考虑原位爆破试验的风险性,本研究进一步通过室内振动台试验,并基于所提出的心率变异性(HRV)的评价指标对比分析,论证振动台模拟爆破振动作用开展人体感知试验的可行性。研究结果表明:人体垂直振速显著高于水平振速,垂直方向为主振方向;垂直方向振速则呈现“腰部以下衰减、腰部以上放大”的特征,与地表振速相比,腰部以下区域衰减率为55.7%~65.9%,腰部以上区域振速放大1.25~1.74倍;水平向振速自脚部至头部呈衰减趋势,衰减率达52.6%~60%;原位试验与振动台试验所获心率变异性指标(HRV)误差小于10%,证实了采用振动台模拟爆破振动研究人体感知的可行性。研究成果可为爆破振动影响人体振动响应量化及感知心电变化研究提供方法依据。
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关键词:
Abstract: Controlling blasting vibrations is crucial in complex and sensitive environments. The primary goal is to minimize disturbance to surrounding residents. To quantify the impact on the human body, an in-situ blasting response test was conducted with real human subjects. A synchronous measurement system integrating digital image correlation (DIC) and electrocardiogram (ECG) was employed. This system analyzed the dynamic surface response characteristics of the human body under varying blasting vibration intensities. A segmented peak particle velocity (PPV) prediction model was developed, accounting for height effects. The model divides the body into two segments: below the waist and above the waist. Considering the risks of in-situ tests, a follow-up laboratory shake table test was performed. A comparative analysis based on proposed heart rate variability (HRV) metrics was conducted. This comparison aimed to validate the feasibility of using shake tables to simulate blasting vibrations for human perception studies. Results indicate that the vertical vibration velocity of the human body is significantly higher than the horizontal velocity. The vertical direction is the dominant vibration direction. In the vertical direction, vibration velocity attenuates below the waist but amplifies above the waist. Compared to ground surface velocity, the attenuation rate in the lower body region ranges from 55.7% to 65.9%. Conversely, vibration velocity in the upper body amplifies by a factor of 1.25 to 1.74. Horizontal vibration velocity shows an attenuation trend from the feet to the head, with an attenuation rate of 52.6% to 60%. The error in HRV metrics obtained from in-situ and shake table tests is less than 10%. This confirms the feasibility of using shake tables to study human perception under simulated blasting vibrations. The research outcomes provide a methodological foundation for quantifying human vibrational responses and studying perceived ECG changes due to blasting vibrations. -
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