爆破振动作用下人体动态响应与感知心电变化的原位试验

刘万通; 蒋楠; 贾永胜; 李宏; 姚颖康; 张永鑫; 姚建平

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2026-0027

爆破振动作用下人体动态响应与感知心电变化的原位试验

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2026-0027

刘万通^1,,
蒋楠^{1, 2, 3, ,},
贾永胜^{1, 2, 4},
李宏¹,
姚颖康^{1, 2},
张永鑫¹,
姚建平³

1.
江汉大学精细爆破全国重点实验室，湖北武汉 430056
2.
江汉大学工程爆破湖北省重点实验室，湖北武汉 430056
3.
中国地质大学（武汉）工程学院，湖北武汉 430074
4.
武汉爆破有限公司，湖北武汉 430056

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52578584, U25A20355, 52478525）；湖北省自然科学基金（2024AFA092）；湖北省“智能建造”青年科技人才联合项目（2025DJA118）

详细信息

作者简介:
刘万通（1999－　），男，博士研究生，lwtsklpb@stu.jhun.edu.cn

通讯作者:
蒋　楠（1986－　），男，博士，教授，博士生导师，jiangnan@jhun.edu.cn

中图分类号: O389; TD235; X951
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- 文章访问数: 328
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2026-01-16
- 修回日期: 2026-05-25
- 网络出版日期: 2026-05-27

In-situ experiments on human dynamic response and perceived ECG changes under blasting vibration

LIU Wantong^1
,,
JIANG Nan^{1, 2, 3
, ,},
JIA Yongsheng^{1, 2, 4},
LI Hong¹,
YAO Yingkang^{1, 2},
ZHANG Yongxin¹,
YAO Jianping³

1.
State Key Laboratory of Precision Blasting , Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, Hubei, China
2.
Hubei Key Laboratory of Blasting Engineering, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, Hubei, China
3.
Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
4.
Wuhan Blasting Co., Ltd. , Wuhan 430056, Hubei, China

摘要

摘要: 为探索爆破振动作用下人体动态响应的量化评价方法，在严格安全控制条件下开展单受试者原位爆破试验，结合数字图像相关技术与心电变化同步测量系统，分析不同强度爆破振动作用下人体结构体表动态响应特征，并建立了本试验条件下考虑身高影响的人体分区（腰部以下、腰部以上）峰值振动速度拟合关系；鉴于原位爆破试验的安全性制约，进一步借助室内振动台试验，基于心率变异性评价指标的对比分析，论证振动台模拟爆破振动开展人体感知试验的可行性。研究结果表明：人体垂直振动速度显著高于水平振动速度，垂直方向为主振方向；垂直方向振动速度则呈现“腰部以下衰减、腰部以上放大”的特征，与地表振动速度相比，腰部以下区域衰减率为55.7%～65.9%，腰部以上区域振动速度放大1.25～1.74倍；水平向振动速度自脚部至头部呈衰减趋势，衰减率达52.6%～60%；原位试验与振动台试验所获心率变异性指标误差小于10%，证实了采用振动台模拟爆破振动研究人体感知的可行性。
- 爆破振动 /
- 爆炸-生物耦合效应 /
- 工程爆破 /
- 爆破原位试验
Abstract: In complex and sensitive environments, minimizing the disturbance of blasting vibration to surrounding residents is the primary concern during blasting construction. To explore a quantitative evaluation method for human dynamic response to blasting vibration, this study conducted single-subject in-situ blasting tests under strictly controlled safety conditions. By integrating digital image correlation (DIC) with a synchronous electrocardiogram (ECG) measurement system, the dynamic response characteristics of the human body surface under varying blasting vibration intensities were preliminarily analyzed. A height-dependent fitting relationship for peak particle velocity (PPV) was established under the present test conditions, with the body divided into two regions: below the waist and above the waist. Given the safety constraints of in-situ blasting tests, laboratory shake-table tests were also conducted. A comparative analysis using heart rate variability (HRV) evaluation indices was performed to preliminarily demonstrate the feasibility of using a shake table to simulate blasting vibration for human perception studies. The preliminary results indicate that under the present test conditions, the vertical vibration velocity of the human body is significantly higher than the horizontal velocity, with the vertical direction identified as the dominant vibration direction. The vertical vibration velocity exhibits a characteristic pattern of “attenuation below the waist and amplification above the waist”. Compared with the ground surface velocity, the attenuation rate in the lower body region ranges from 55.7% to 65.9%. The vibration velocity in the upper body region is amplified by a factor of 1.25 to 1.74. The horizontal vibration velocity decreases from the feet to the head, with an attenuation rate of 52.6% to 60%. The error in HRV indices obtained from the in-situ and shake-table tests is less than 10%, preliminarily confirming the feasibility of employing a shake table to simulate blasting vibration for human perception research. These exploratory in-situ tests provide a methodological reference for quantifying human vibration response and studying perceived ECG changes due to blasting vibrations.
- blasting vibration /
- blast-biological coupling effect /
- engineering blasting /
- in-situ blast test

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图 1 爆破试验场地

Figure 1. Blasting test site

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图 2 参试对象及观测点布置

Figure 2. Layout of test subjects and observation points

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图 3 爆破振动人体感知原位试验布置示意图

Figure 3. Layout of in-situ test for human perception of blast-induced vibration

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图 4 爆破原位试验试验流程

Figure 4. In-situ blasting test procedure

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图 5 人体体表振动速度云图

Figure 5. Contour maps of vibration velocity at human body surface

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图 6 工况4下不同测点的振动速度时程曲线

Figure 6. Time history curves of vibration velocity at different observation points

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图 7 不同工况下各监测点PPV对比

Figure 7. Comparison of PPV at various monitoring points under different working conditions.

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图 8 室内振动及心电采集系统

Figure 8. Laboratory vibration and electrocardiogram (ECG) acquisition system

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图 9 爆破振动与振动台振动时程曲线的对比

Figure 9. Comparison between blast-induced and shaker-generated vibration velocity-time curves

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表 1 试验场地物理力学参数

Table 1. Geotechnical parameters

地层	厚度/m	泊松比	天然重度/ (kN·m⁻³)	初始内聚力/ kPa	初始内摩擦角/(°)
素填土	0～0.5	/	18.0	4	18
粉质黏土	0.5～3.5	0.3	19.0	34	13.8
粉砂	3.5～4.0	0.25	19.1	0	28

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表 2 现场原位试验工况设置

Table 2. Geotechnical parameters

工况	爆破位置	爆心距/m	单段药量/kg
1	1#	17.5	0.5
2	2#	15.0	0.5
3	3#	12.5	0.5
4	4#	10.0	0.5

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表 3 各工况下y向和z向的峰值振动速度

Table 3. Peak particle velocities in y- and z-directions under various test conditions

振动方向	监测点	PPV/(cm·s⁻¹)
振动方向	监测点	工况1	工况2	工况3	工况4
y向	地表	0.57	0.77	1.08	1.65
	P1	0.54	0.73	1.01	1.55
	P2	0.50	0.65	0.87	1.42
	P3	0.45	0.59	0.78	1.30
	P4	0.42	0.54	0.74	1.14
	P5	0.37	0.52	0.68	1.08
	P6	0.34	0.51	0.63	1.05
	P7	0.32	0.50	0.57	1.03
	P8	0.31	0.47	0.53	1.00
	P9	0.30	0.45	0.51	0.99
z向	地表	1.58	2.09	2.93	4.42
	P1	1.43	1.98	2.72	4.16
	P2	1.21	1.65	2.46	3.53
z向	P3	1.08	1.63	2.18	3.37
	P4	0.93	1.44	2.01	3.06
	P5	0.88	1.27	1.93	2.87
	P6	1.04	2.03	2.36	3.51
	P7	1.12	2.75	2.99	4.89
	P8	1.89	3.25	3.47	6.22
	P9	1.98	3.43	4.07	7.69

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表 4 现场原位试验爆破振动测试结果

Table 4. In-situ blasting vibration test results

爆破点	爆心距/m	单段药量/kg	峰值振动速度/(cm·s⁻¹)
爆破点	爆心距/m	单段药量/kg	x向	y向	z向
1#	17.5	0.5	1.60	0.57	1.58
2#	15.0	0.5	2.09	0.77	2.09
3#	12.5	0.5	3.28	1.08	2.93
4#	10, 0	0.5	4.63	1.65	4.42

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表 5 原位试验与振动台试验心电变化对比

Table 5. Comparison of electrocardiographic changes between in-situ tests and shake table tests

工况	P_LF/P_HF		相对误差/%
工况	原位试验	振动台试验	相对误差/%
静息状态	1.28	1.28	0
1	1.45	1.56	7.6
2	1.52	1.61	5.9
3	1.58	1.65	4.4
4	1.70	1.80	5.9

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