摘要:
针对船载机柜在多向冲击与多向振动下的多重防护需求,本文基于波纹蜂窝和多孔橡胶设计了一款兼具抗多向冲击和多向隔振能力的波纹蜂窝缓冲器,该缓冲器由波纹蜂窝、多孔橡胶、金属外壳、连接头及隔垫组成,其中,波纹蜂窝为核心抗冲击单元,多孔橡胶为核心隔振单元,各结构间相互配合实现其缓冲隔振功能,并制备出了波纹蜂窝缓冲器样机。根据船舶环境下的冲击试验标准,对装配有波纹蜂窝缓冲器的机柜分别开展水平安装与倾斜安装冲击试验,采集不同工况下机柜侧向和垂向的加速度数据,计算得到不同方向的冲击传递率。同时根据船舶环境下的振动试验标准,在三个方向(X、Y、Z)开展扫频振动试验,得到不同方向的振动传递率,并对波纹蜂窝缓冲器的三向隔振性能进行考核。冲击试验结果表明,装有波纹蜂窝缓冲器的机柜在水平安装冲击工况下的冲击传递率为0.091,在倾斜安装冲击工况下侧向和垂向冲击传递率分别为0.132和0.083,均保持较低水平。振动试验结果表明,机柜在船舶常见振动环境下的三向平均振动传递率分别为0.129、0.085和0.180,在三向均保持了较优的隔振性能。本文设计的波纹蜂窝缓冲器能够有效降低机柜在多向冲击与振动环境下的响应,具有优异的抗多向冲击与隔振性能,可为船载机柜防护结构设计提供参考。
Abstract:
For the protection requirements of shipborne cabinets subjected to multidirectional shock and multidirectional vibration, a corrugated honeycomb buffer with both multidirectional shock resistance and vibration isolation capability was designed based on corrugated honeycomb and porous rubber. The proposed buffer consists of a corrugated honeycomb, porous rubber, a metal casing, connectors, and spacers. The corrugated honeycomb serves as the primary energy-absorbing component for shock mitigation, while the porous rubber acts as the key vibration-isolation element. Through the interaction of these components, the buffer achieves integrated shock absorption and vibration isolation. A prototype of the corrugated honeycomb buffer was also fabricated. In accordance with the shock test standards for shipborne environments, shock tests were conducted on the cabinet equipped with the proposed buffer under both horizontal and inclined installation conditions. Acceleration responses of the cabinet in the lateral and vertical directions were measured under different test conditions, and the peak acceleration reduction ratio together with the shock transmissibility in different directions were calculated to evaluate the shock mitigation performance of the buffer. In addition, according to the vibration test standards for shipborne environments,sweep-frequency vibration tests were carried out in three orthogonal directions (X, Y, and Z). The vibration transmissibility in each direction was obtained, and the three-dimensional vibration-isolation performance of the corrugated honeycomb buffer was assessed systematically. The shock test results show that the cabinet fitted with the corrugated honeycomb buffer exhibits a low shock transmissibility of 0.091 under the horizontal installation condition, indicating an effective attenuation of shock. Under the inclined installation condition, the lateral and vertical shock transmissibility values are 0.132 and 0.083, respectively, which also remain at relatively low levels. These results demonstrate that the proposed buffer can maintain favorable shock-resistance performance under different installation configurations and loading directions. The vibration test results further indicate that, under typical shipborne vibration environments, the average vibration transmissibility values in the X, Y, and Z directions are 0.129, 0.085, and 0.180, respectively. The cabinet therefore maintains desirable vibration-isolation performance in all three directions, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed design in suppressing multidirectional vibration responses.Overall, the proposed corrugated honeycomb buffer can effectively reduce the dynamic response of shipborne cabinets subjected to multidirectional shock and vibration excitations. Owing to its stable shock attenuation capability and favorable three-dimensional vibration-isolation performance, the buffer provides a feasible protective solution for shipborne equipment and can serve as a reference for the design of protective structures for shipborne cabinets operating in complex mechanical environments.