Near-ground field shock wave power characteristic of curve-edge cylindrical charges with dual-end initiation
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摘要: 异形炸药在实际应用中的重要作用逐渐显现,为研究曲边圆柱装药的冲击波威力特性,采用理论推导、实爆试验与数值仿真相结合的方法,围绕曲边圆柱炸药在两端起爆条件下的近地面冲击波威力特性开展研究。研究结果表明:曲边圆柱炸药采用两端起爆方式时,其内部爆轰波传播与爆炸冲击波演化符合典型两端起爆规律与近地面爆炸冲击波演化特征;曲边圆柱装药产生的爆炸冲击波与圆柱装药具有相似的波系结构,但具体形态与传播特性存在差异,曲边圆柱炸药的形状参数差异显著影响爆轰产物流动与冲击波演化过程,随着冲击波传播距离的增大,由形状带来的冲击波特征差异逐渐减小;引入分别用于衡量曲边装药几何形态和冲击波超压水平的形状参数Ω和超压峰值形状增益因子Sp,拟合得到曲边形状作为变量的超压峰值和超压峰值形状增益因子的计算公式,公式计算结果与数值模拟的结果偏差小于20%。研究结果对非典型几何形态装药设计与冲击波威力特性评估具有一定的参考价值。
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关键词:
Abstract: As the important role of special-shaped explosives in practical applications is gradually emerging, adopting a combination of theoretical derivation, explosion test and numerical simulation, this study focuses on the near-ground shock wave power characteristics of curve-edge cylindrical explosives under dual-end initiation conditions. The numerical simulation can simulate the experimental results well at different distances, which verifies the rationality of the finite element model. Explosion numerical simulation of various shape of curve-edge cylindrical explosions are conducted to investigate the influence of shape on the shock wave power characteristics of curve-edge cylindrical charges. The research results indicate that with dual-ends initiation, the detonation waves’ propagation of curve-edge cylindrical explosives conforms to the typical characteristics of dual-ends initiation, and the shock waves’ evolution conforms to the general rule of near ground explosion. The explosive shock wave generated by curve-edge cylindrical charges has a similar wave system structure to that generated by cylindrical charges, but there are differences in specific morphology and propagation characteristics. In the range of 0.6-1.1m/kg1/3, the convex curve-edge cylindrical charge has a larger peak overpressure in the near-field, but the concave one has greater velocity of near ground shock wave, and its peak overpressure is higher than the convex one beyond a certain distance. The shape difference of curve-edge cylindrical explosives significantly affects the flow of detonation products and the evolution of shock waves. As the distance increases, the difference in shock wave characteristics caused by shape gradually decreases. Peak overpressure shape gain factor is introduced to measure the influence of the shape parameter on the distribution of peak overpressure. Binary cubic polynomial that conforms to the explosion similarity law is introduced to fit the change status of peak overpressure and peak overpressure shape gain factor as function of shape parameter and scaled distance. The deviation between the calculated results and simulated results is less than 20%. The results have certain reference value for designing atypical geometric shape charges and power characteristics evaluating of warheads. -
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