爆炸加载下金属壳体膨胀断裂过程中的关键物理问题

刘明涛; 汤铁钢

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2020-0351

爆炸加载下金属壳体膨胀断裂过程中的关键物理问题

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2020-0351

刘明涛,
汤铁钢^,

中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所，四川绵阳 621999

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金重点项目（11932018）；国家自然科学基金面上项目(12072332)

详细信息

作者简介:
刘明涛（1986－　），男，博士，副研究员， lmt2005@mail.ustc.edu.cn

通讯作者:
汤铁钢（1974－　），男，博士，研究员，ttg1974@163.com

中图分类号: O346.1
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- HTML全文浏览量: 393
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-09-24
- 修回日期: 2020-11-22
- 刊出日期: 2021-01-05

Key physical problems in the expanding fracture of explosively driven metallic shells

LIU Mingtao,
TANG Tiegang^,

Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 爆炸加载下金属壳体膨胀断裂过程是武器研制领域关注的重要课题，该过程包含着丰富的力学与材料学基础科学问题，吸引着众多学者的长期关注。本文中通过分析爆炸加载下金属壳体膨胀断裂过程，明确了其中蕴含的3个关键物理问题：材料动态拉伸本构、壳体膨胀断裂机理和破片尺寸控制机理，综合分析了这3个关键物理问题的研究现状与趋势。
- 膨胀断裂 /
- 动态拉伸本构 /
- 断裂机理 /
- 破片尺寸
Abstract: The expansion fracture process of metallic shells under explosive loading is an important topic in fields of weapon design. This process contains a wealth of basic science problems in materials science and mechanics, which has attracted the long-term attention of many scholars. Based on the analysis of the expansion fracture behavior of metal shells under explosive loading, three key physical problems were clarified: dynamic tensile constitutive law of metals, expansion fracture mechanism of shells and mechanism of fragment size. The current status and research trends of the three physical problems were comprehensively analyzed. For the aspect of dynamic tensile constitutive law of metals, it is need to develop some new experimental methods to stretch the material at higher strain rates, to develop the experimental techniques of expanding cylindrical and spherical shells for studying the dynamic tensile constitutive relationship of materials under three dimentional stress state, and to develop the transient acceleration measurement technique and the interpretation method of expansion ring experimental data. For the expansion fracture mechanism, the main development trends are to develop the in-situ or freezing diagnostic techniques to capture key parameters in the fracture process of shells, to use the statistical method to study the fracture behavior, to reveal the essential mechanism of the fracture mode transition and the Ivanov plastic peak phenomena, and to study the mechanism of expanding fracture shells at the micro level. For the mechanism of fragment size, it is need to study the relationship between the fragment size and all the potential control variables with the experimental and modeling method, to analyze the relationship between the micro heterogeneity of the material and the statistical distribution of the fragment size by taking the probability distribution of fracture strain as a bridge, and to analyze the influence of two-dimensional or three-dimensional effects on fragment size distribution and develop new models.
- shell expansion fracture /
- dynamic tensile constitutive law /
- fracture mechanism /
- fragment size

HTML全文

图 1 美国利弗莫尔国家实验室2002年6～7月刊的封面图片

Figure 1. Cover picture of Livermore National Laboratory, June—July 2002

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图 2 JOB9003炸药加载下45钢柱壳膨胀运动速度历史曲线^[9]

Figure 2. History curve of expansion velocity of 45 steel cylinder shell loaded with JOB9003 explosive^[9]

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图 3 柱壳二维轴对称计算应力云图^[9]

Figure 3. Two dimensional axisymmetric stress nephogram of cylindrical shell simulation^[9]

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图 4 理论分析柱壳可能的断裂模式

Figure 4. Possible fracture modes of cylindrical shellsbased on the theoretical analysis

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图 5 JOB9003炸药加载下45钢柱壳膨胀断裂过程高速摄影图像^[9]

Figure 5. High speed photography images of expansion fracture process of 45 steel cylinder shell loaded with JOB9003 explosive^[9]

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图 6 传统爆炸膨胀环实验技术^[20]

Figure 6. The traditional explosive driven expanding ring technique^[20]

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图 7 基于线起爆技术的爆炸膨胀环实验技术^[21]

Figure 7. The technique of explosive driven expanding ring based on line initiation method^[21]

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图 8 电磁膨胀环实验原理图^[25]

Figure 8. The schematic diagram of electromagnetic expanding ring^[25]

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图 9 柱壳膨胀断裂的断裂模式转换现象^[30-32]

Figure 9. The fracture mode transition observed in the expanding fracture of cylindrical shell^[30-32]

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图 10 Ivanov塑性峰现象^[40]

Figure 10. The phenomenon of Ivanov plastic peak^[40]

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图 11 AerMet柱壳回收破片表征结果^[4]

Figure 11. The cross section of recovered AerMet fragments^[4]

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图 12 AISI1018钢柱壳回收破片表征结果^[4]

Figure 12. The cross section of recovered AISI1018 fragments^[4]

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图 13 从断口发出的Mott波

Figure 13. The propagation of Mott wave

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