约束空间内壳装炸药殉爆及防护

张所硕; 聂建新; 张剑; 孙晓乐; 郭学永; 张韬

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2022-0456

约束空间内壳装炸药殉爆及防护

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2022-0456

张所硕^1,,
聂建新^1, ,,
张剑^{2, 3},
孙晓乐⁴,
郭学永¹,
张韬¹

1.
北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室，北京 100081
2.
北京理工大学机电学院，北京 100081
3.
92228部队，北京 100072
4.
重庆红宇精密工业有限责任公司，重庆 402760

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（11772058）

详细信息

作者简介:
张所硕（1996－　），男，硕士研究生，1032611910@qq.com

通讯作者:
聂建新（1977－　），男，博士，副研究员，niejx@bit.edu.cn

中图分类号: O385
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- PDF下载量: 120
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-10-20
- 修回日期: 2023-02-14
- 网络出版日期: 2023-02-27
- 刊出日期: 2023-08-31

Sympathetic detonation of explosive charge in confined space and its protection

1.
State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
2.
School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
3.
Unit 92228 PLA, Beijing 100072, China
4.
Chongqing Hongyu Precision Industry Co., Ltd., Chongqing 402760, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究壳装炸药在包装箱内的殉爆响应和防护方法，开展了壳装聚黑铝炸药在包装箱内的殉爆试验，通过被发装药残留炸药和壳体破碎情况，判断被发装药的反应情况。建立了壳装炸药箱内殉爆计算模型，采用非线性有限元计算方法，对壳装聚黑铝炸药殉爆试验进行了数值模拟。并对包装箱进行防殉爆设计及试验验证。数值模拟结果表明，在包装箱内装药发生殉爆的主要原因为高速破片的撞击。试验结果显示，在无防护条件下，主发装药箱内2发、下层箱内1发被发装药发生爆轰反应，下层箱内1发被发装药未发生反应；在相邻装药间设置20 mm木隔板，在箱底设置2 mm铝板后，仅有与主发装药相邻的被发装药发生爆燃至爆炸等级的反应，其余3发被发装药未发生反应。说明在箱内设置隔板可有效降低殉爆反应等级。
- 壳装炸药 /
- 包装箱 /
- 殉爆试验 /
- LS-DYNA
Abstract: To investigate the sympathetic detonation (SD) response and protection method of shell explosive in the packaging box, the sympathetic detonation experiment of JHL-2 (RDX/Al/binder = 65.5/30/4.5) explosive charges in the packaging box was carried out. The response of the acceptor charges was characterized by the residual of explosive and the breakage of the shell. A calculation model for the sympathetic detonation of shell explosives in packaging box is established, and the numerical simulation of the sympathetic detonation experiment is carried out by using the nonlinear finite element method. The calculation model is verified to be reliable according to the test results. The results of the simulation study show that the main cause for SD of charges in packaging box is the impact of high-speed fragments. According to the experiment result, simulation result and the fragmentation impact initiation criteria of explosive charge, the anti-sympathetic detonation design is implemented for the packaging box. The anti-sympathetic detonation design considering weight and price is as follows: 20 mm wooden partition is set in the adjacent explosive charge, and 2 mm aluminum partition is set on the bottom of the packaging box. A new sympathetic detonation experiment was performed with anti-sympathetic detonation modifications on the packaging box included. The results show that under the unprotected condition, two acceptor charges in the same packaging box with the donor charge and one acceptor charge in the packaging box below the donor charge detonated, and one acceptor charge in the lower packaging box didn’t react; when 20 mm wooden partition was set between adjacent charges and a 2 mm aluminum plate was set on the bottom of the packaging box, only one of the acceptor charges adjacent to the donor charge had a reaction from deflagration to explosion level, and the other three acceptor charges did not react. The research result proves that the installation of partitions inside the packaging box can effectively reduce the possibility of sympathetic detonation, so as to avoid the disastrous consequences caused by sympathetic detonation.
- explosive charge /
- package /
- sympathetic detonation experiment /
- LS-DYNA

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图 1 装药壳体结构示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the charge structure

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图 2 壳装炸药实物图

Figure 2. Photos of explosive charge

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图 3 殉爆试验布置示意图

Figure 3. Setup of SD test

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图 4 试验现场布置图

Figure 4. Photos of test setup

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图 5 无防护措施殉爆试验后现场图

Figure 5. Photos of SD test without protective design

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图 6 各装药间距离示意图

Figure 6. Diagram of the distance between explosive charges

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图 7 殉爆试验数值计算模型

Figure 7. Numerical simulation model of SD test

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图 8 无防护措施时上层包装箱内殉爆过程

Figure 8. SD process in the upper packaging box without protective design

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图 9 无防护措施时下层包装箱内殉爆过程

Figure 9. SD process in the lower packaging box without protective design

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图 10 监测点位置分布

Figure 10. Location distribution of gauge points

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图 11 无防护措施时被发装药内部压力曲线

Figure 11. Pressure curves of acceptor charges without protective design

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图 12 无防护措施时装药壳体单元速度曲线

Figure 12. Velocity curves of acceptor charges’ shell elements without protective design

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图 13 无防护措施时被发装药内部压力随空间位置变化曲线

Figure 13. Curves of pressure inside the acceptor charges at spatial positions

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图 14 防殉爆设计后的包装箱结构示意图

Figure 14. Packaging box structure with anti-SD design

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图 15 防殉爆设计后的数值计算模型

Figure 15. Numerical simulation model with anti-SD design

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图 16 有防护措施时上层包装箱内的殉爆过程

Figure 16. SD process in the upper packaging box with protective design

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图 17 有防护措施时下层包装箱内的殉爆过程

Figure 17. Process of SD in the lower packaging box with protective design

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图 18 有防护措施时装药内部的压力曲线

Figure 18. Pressure curves of acceptor charges with protective design

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图 19 有防护措施时装药壳体单元的速度曲线

Figure 19. Velocity curves of acceptor charges’ shell elements with protective design

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图 20 有防护措施时被发装药内部压力随空间位置变化曲线

Figure 20. Curves of pressure inside the acceptor charges at spatial positions

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图 21 有防护措施时殉爆试验的箱内布置图

Figure 21. Setup of the box for the SD experiment with protective measures

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图 22 加隔板后的殉爆试验结果

Figure 22. Result of SD experiment after partitions included

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表 1 JHL-2炸药的JWL状态方程参数^[15]

Table 1. Parameters of JWL equation of state for JHL-2^[15]

ρ₀/(g∙cm⁻³) D/(m∙s⁻¹) p_CJ/GPa A/GPa B/GPa R₁ R₂ ω E/GPa

1.85 7800 26 2225 27.59 5.85 1.73 0.49 8.5

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表 2 JHL-2炸药反应速率方程参数

Table 2. Reaction rate equation parameters of JHL-2

I/μs⁻¹ b a x G₁/(GPa^−y∙μs⁻¹) c d y G₂/(GPa^−z∙μs⁻¹) e g z

2.5×10⁵ 0.667 0.02 8 0.095 0.222 0.667 2.0 0.001 0.333 1.0 3.0

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表 3 3种常见材料的密度

Table 3. Density of three commonly used materials

隔板材料 ρ/(g∙cm⁻³)

木材 0.46
铝 2.73
钢 7.80

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