Abstract: In order to explore the explosion reaction effect of zirconium-based reactive material casing and the ignition effect of fragments on fuel fuel driven by explosion, the reactive material casings containing Zr, Cu, Ni, Al and Y as the main elements was prepared by alloy melting and casting, and the outer diameter of the casing was 40mm, the height was 80mm, and the wall thickness was 5mm. In order to compare the aftereffect damage effect, the 45 steel casing of the same mass was prepared, and the internal charge of the two casings was JH-2 column. Through the explosion drive test and high-speed photography technology, the duration of the explosion fireball, the wave velocity of the shock wave, and the ignition of the impact of the fragments on the fuel box were studied. The results of the test showed that, compared with the steel shell of equal mass, the flame duration and shock wave speed of the Zr-based active material shell are longer and faster under the explosion drive, and the Zr-based active material shell has a strengthening effect on the air shock wave under the explosion drive. The fragments of the two materials were driven by the explosion to scatter and hit the oil tank, and both materials caused structural damage to the oil tank, and the 45 steel material did not ignite the internal fuel. The chemical energy released by the impact of the Zr-based active material on the fuel tank can ignite the fuel, and it has the performance of igniting the fuel.