Progress in structural impact dynamics during 2010−2020
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摘要: 本文综述结构冲击动力学的国内外研究进展，在时间区间上聚焦于2010—2020这十来年发表的文献，同时提及在此之前的奠基性工作。在内容上，首先着眼于结构冲击动力学的基本科学问题，如概念、模型和工具，它们源于和用于结构在爆炸与冲击下的塑性动力响应、失效和重复受载等；也介绍典型薄壁结构件的动力行为，以及运动的物体和结构物对固壁的撞击和反弹。注意到近十多年来由于轻质材料（如多胞材料、3D打印的超材料等）和以它们为芯层的轻质结构的大量涌现，以及对生物材料和仿生结构的极大兴趣，对这些材料和结构的冲击动力学行为的研究构成了本文的后半部分。最后指出，在多尺度框架下以更全面的视角研究材料-结构-性能的内在规律，已成为推动冲击动力学继续发展的一个强大的新趋势。Abstract: This article reviews the research progress of structural impact dynamics at home and abroad, with a main focus on the literature published in the period from 2010 to 2020, while tracing back to the previous fundamental work. We first illustrate the basic scientific issues in structural impact dynamics, i.e., the concepts, models and tools, which are associated with the dynamic plastic response and failure of structures under explosion, impact, and repeated loading; followed by the dynamic behavior of typical thin-walled structural components, as well as the collision and rebounding of moving objects on solid wall. We have noted the emergence of numerous lightweight materials (e.g. cellular materials, 3D printed metamaterials, etc.) and lightweight structures with those materials as core; whilst the great interest in biomaterials and bionic structures has also come into our attention. Hence, the studies of the impact dynamic behavior of these new materials and structures constitutes the second half of this review article. Finally, it is pointed out that investigating the intrinsic laws governing material-structure-behavior from wide and multiple perspectives has become a strong thrust for the further development of impact dynamics.
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图 3 任意形状脉冲的Youngdahl等效技术[49]
Figure 3. Demonstration of Youngdahl equivalent method for a pulse of arbitrary shape[49]
图 10 结构遭受刚性质块反复碰撞实验
Figure 10. Repeated impact experiments of structures impinged by a rigid indenter
表 1 矩形脉冲载荷下不同结构的饱和参数
Table 1. Saturation parameters for different structures under rectangular pulse loading
结构类型 边界条件 ${\left(\dfrac{ { {W_0} } }{H}\right)_{ {\rm{sat} } } } $ $ {\bar I_{ {\rm{sat} } } } $ $ \lambda $ $ {p_{\rm{y} } } $ 梁 简支 $\dfrac{1}{2}\lambda - \dfrac{1}{2}$ $\dfrac{\text{π} }{ {\sqrt 6 } }\lambda$ $(1,3]$ $\dfrac{ { {\text{2} }{M_0} } }{ { {L^2} } }$ 梁 固支 $\lambda - 1$ $\dfrac{\text{π} }{ {\sqrt 3 } }\lambda$ $(1,3]$ $\dfrac{ { {\text{4} }{M_0} } }{ { {L^2} } }$ 圆板 简支 $\lambda - 1$ $\dfrac{\text{π} }{2}\lambda$ $(1,2]$ $\dfrac{ { {\text{6} }{M_0} } }{ { {R^2} } }$ 方板 简支 $\lambda - 1$ $\dfrac{\text{π} }{2}\lambda$ $(1,2]$ $\dfrac{ {6{M_0} } }{ { {L^2} } }$ 方板 固支 $2\lambda - 2$ $\dfrac{\text{π} }{ {\sqrt 2 } }\lambda$ $(1,2]$ $\dfrac{ {12{M_0} } }{ { {L^2} } }$ 圆柱壳 等距刚性加固 $\dfrac{1}{2}\lambda - \dfrac{1}{2}$ $\dfrac{\text{π} }{ {\sqrt 6 } }\lambda$ $(1,3]$ $\dfrac{ { {N_0} } }{R}{\text{ + } }\dfrac{ {4{M_0} } }{ { {L^2} } }$ 
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