An auditory damage model for inner ears of miniature pigs based on free-field explosion

XUE Songbo; XIANG Shuyi; ZHAO Yang; DU Zhibo; WANG Xinghao; LI Yifeng; ZHANG Jiarui; FEI Zhou; TIAN Xu; GAO Zhiqiang; ZHUANG Zhuo; LIU Zhanli; FENG Guodong

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2024-0256

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XUE Songbo, XIANG Shuyi, ZHAO Yang, DU Zhibo, WANG Xinghao, LI Yifeng, ZHANG Jiarui, FEI Zhou, TIAN Xu, GAO Zhiqiang, ZHUANG Zhuo, LIU Zhanli, FENG Guodong. An auditory damage model for inner ears of miniature pigs based on free-field explosion[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2024-0256

Citation:

XUE Songbo, XIANG Shuyi, ZHAO Yang, DU Zhibo, WANG Xinghao, LI Yifeng, ZHANG Jiarui, FEI Zhou, TIAN Xu, GAO Zhiqiang, ZHUANG Zhuo, LIU Zhanli, FENG Guodong. An auditory damage model for inner ears of miniature pigs based on free-field explosion[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2024-0256

Citation:

XUE Songbo, XIANG Shuyi, ZHAO Yang, DU Zhibo, WANG Xinghao, LI Yifeng, ZHANG Jiarui, FEI Zhou, TIAN Xu, GAO Zhiqiang, ZHUANG Zhuo, LIU Zhanli, FENG Guodong. An auditory damage model for inner ears of miniature pigs based on free-field explosion[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2024-0256

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An auditory damage model for inner ears of miniature pigs based on free-field explosion

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2024-0256

1.
Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
2.
Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
3.
School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
4.
Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China

Received Date: 2024-07-25
Rev Recd Date: 2024-10-24

Available Online: 2024-10-25

Abstract

Abstract

A realistic blast injury model was developed for simulating auditory damage in the inner ears of miniature pigs under controlled explosion conditions to investigate the impact of varying blast shockwave pressures on auditory impairment. Fourteen healthy miniature pigs were selected and underwent auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing prior to exposure to explosions. A free-field explosion platform was constructed utilizing 1.9 kg and 8.0 kg of TNT, with the explosive source 1.8 meters above the ground. The pigs were securely fixed in protective devices, exposing only their head, and placed at varying distances from the blast source. Peak shockwave pressures were measured, and immediate mortality rates were calculated accordingly. Post-explosion ABR tests were conducted, followed by examination of cochlear tissues using scanning electron microscopy to analyze hair cell damage. Shockwave peak pressures ranged from 96.3 kPa to 628.3 kPa over a distance range of 1.8 m to 3.8 m, with pressure decreasing as distance increased. At a distance of 2.6 m, a peak pressure of 628.3 kPa resulted in a mortality ratio of 50%. ABR threshold comparisons before and after the explosion revealed significant increases across all tested frequencies (P < 0.05), with the most notable changes at a frequency of 4 kHz. Scanning electron microscopy analysis demonstrated that inner hair cells exhibited greater susceptibility to damage compared to outer hair cells, with higher shockwave pressure leading to more sever damage. Blast shockwaves caused substantial auditory system damage to miniature pigs as evidenced by elevated ABR thresholds and destruction of cochlear hair cell. Inner hair cells proved more vulnerable to blast shockwaves. The established model can provide a valuable experimental foundation for further studies on blast injury mechanisms and protective strategies.
- blast injury,
- miniature pigs,
- inner ear auditory function,
- cochlear injury

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References(27)

References

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