On ignition margin of fuel-air explosive cloud

JIA Dawei; HE Chao; ZHOU Tao; GUAN Xuan

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2025-0278

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Explosion And Shock Waves > 2026 > Accepted Manuscript

JIA Dawei, HE Chao, ZHOU Tao, GUAN Xuan. On ignition margin of fuel-air explosive cloud[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2025-0278

Citation:

JIA Dawei, HE Chao, ZHOU Tao, GUAN Xuan. On ignition margin of fuel-air explosive cloud[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2025-0278

JIA Dawei, HE Chao, ZHOU Tao, GUAN Xuan. On ignition margin of fuel-air explosive cloud[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2025-0278

Citation:

JIA Dawei, HE Chao, ZHOU Tao, GUAN Xuan. On ignition margin of fuel-air explosive cloud[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2025-0278

PDF( 12177 KB)

On ignition margin of fuel-air explosive cloud

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2025-0278

Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi’an 710065, Shaanxi, China

Received Date: 2025-08-24
Rev Recd Date: 2025-10-09

Available Online: 2025-10-23

Abstract

Abstract

This study focuses on the scenario in which the secondary initiation charge column is positioned at the periphery of the cloud formed subsequent to the dispersion of the fuel-air explosive (FAE). It conducts in-depth research on the initiation margin of the cloud. A prototype filled with 12.5 kg of cloud-bursting agent was meticulously designed. The maximum radius of the cloud was precisely determined through a series of dispersion tests. A 1 kg HMX-based explosive was employed as the secondary initiation charge column. Through comprehensive experimental investigations, including high-speed and overpressure tests, the relationship between the distance of the charge column from the edge of the cloud and the initiation state of the cloud was established, and the distance threshold was accurately determined. Using the peak overpressure at the edge of the cloud as an index to measure the initiation margin, the threshold of the peak overpressure at the cloud edge that satisfies the initiation conditions of the cloud was investigated via empirical formulas and numerical simulations. The peak overpressure was further verified based on the critical energy flow criterion. The results indicate that placing a 1 kg HMX-based explosive at the periphery of the cloud can also trigger the cloud to detonate, provided that the distance from the cloud edge does not exceed 0.5 m. When the energy of the secondary initiation charge column is adequate to trigger stable detonation of the cloud, the location of the secondary initiation charge column exerts minimal influence on the detonation overpressure. To guarantee the initiation performance of the cloud, the peak overpressure at the edge of the cloud generated by the secondary initiation charge column should not be lower than 5 MPa. This study takes into account the stringent conditions for cloud initiation, and the research findings can offer support for the design of secondary initiation charge columns.
- fuel-air explosive,
- cloud ignition margin,
- secondary initiation explosive charge,
- edge peak overpressure

FullText(HTML)

References(24)

References

[1]	沈晓波, 鲁长波, 李斌, 等. 液体燃料云雾爆轰参数实验 [J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2012, 32(1): 108–112. DOI: 10.11883/1001-1455(2012)01-0108-05. SHEN X B, LU C B, LI B, et al. An experimental study of detonation parameters of liquid fuel drops cloud [J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2012, 32(1): 108–112. DOI: 10.11883/1001-1455(2012)01-0108-05.
[2]	REN J F, BAI C H, ZHAO X Y, et al. Research on the evolution of state field and damage range of multiple source cloud explosions [J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2025, 196: 105182. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2024.105182.
[3]	畅博, 王世英. 二次起爆型云爆战斗部爆炸抛撒过程及毁伤作用 [J]. 战术导弹技术, 2016(6): 111–117. DOI: 10.16358/j.issn.1009-1300.2016.06.19. CHANG B, WANG S Y. Explosive dispersion process and damage effect of double event fuel air explosion warhead [J]. Tactical Missile Technology, 2016(6): 111–117. DOI: 10.16358/j.issn.1009-1300.2016.06.19.
[4]	贾承志, 张奇. 云爆燃料分散过程窜火机理的数值模拟 [J]. 含能材料, 2020, 28(3): 248–254. DOI: 10.11943/CJEM2018284. JIA C Z, ZHANG Q. Numerical simulation on the mechanism of premature-combustion in the process of FAE fuel dispersion [J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2020, 28(3): 248–254. DOI: 10.11943/CJEM2018284.
[5]	方伟, 赵省向, 李文祥, 等. 爆炸抛撒过程中FAE云雾的运动特性 [J]. 含能材料, 2015, 23(11): 1061–1066. DOI: 10.11943/j.issn.1006-9941.2015.11.005. FANG W, ZHAO S X, LI W X, et al. Movement characteristics of fuel-air explosive (FAE) clouds in the explosion dispersal process [J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2015, 23(11): 1061–1066. DOI: 10.11943/j.issn.1006-9941.2015.11.005.
[6]	LIU C P, WANG Z R, MA C, et al. Influencing factors of the chain effect of spherical gas cloud explosion [J]. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2020, 142: 359–369. DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2020.06.007.
[7]	史远通, 张奇. 中心装药对燃料抛散的影响及其空腔效应 [J]. 含能材料, 2014, 22(3): 353–358. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9941.2014.03.015. SHI Y T, ZHANG Q. Center explosive charge for fuel dispersal and its cavity effect [J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2014, 22(3): 353–358. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9941.2014.03.015.
[8]	BAI C H, WANG Y, LI J P, et al. Influences of the cloud shape of fuel-air mixtures on the overpressure field [J]. Shock and Vibration, 2016, 2016(1): 9748536. DOI: 10.1155/2016/9748536.
[9]	陈嘉琛, 张奇, 马秋菊, 等. 固体与液体混合燃料抛撒过程数值模拟 [J]. 兵工学报, 2014, 35(7): 972–976. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2014.07.005. CHEN J C, ZHANG Q, MA Q J, et al. Numerical simulation of dispersal process of solid-liquid mixed fuel [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2014, 35(7): 972–976. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2014.07.005.
[10]	苏震, 高洪泉, 赵宏伟, 等. 高落速云雾爆轰的数值模拟 [J]. 含能材料, 2023, 31(5): 431–439. DOI: 10.11943/CJEM2022265. SU Z, GAO H Q, ZHAO H W, et al. Numerical simulation of cloud detonation at high falling velocity [J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2023, 31(5): 431–439. DOI: 10.11943/CJEM2022265.
[11]	许志峰, 尹俊婷, 何超, 等. 壳体形状对云爆战斗部抛撒云团尺寸的影响 [J]. 中北大学学报(自然科学版), 2018, 39(6): 672–676,701. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-3193.2018.06.008. XU Z F, YIN J T, HE C, et al. Effect of shell shape on dispersal cloud size of the FAE [J]. Journal of North University of China (Natural Science Edition), 2018, 39(6): 672–676,701. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-3193.2018.06.008.
[12]	王溪濛, 薛琨. 云雾区形貌对云雾爆轰超压毁伤威力的影响 [J]. 含能材料, 2024, 32(12): 1270–1279. DOI: 10.11943/CJEM2024202. WANG X M, XUE K. Influence of cloud morphology on cloud detonation overpressure damage power [J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2024, 32(12): 1270–1279. DOI: 10.11943/CJEM2024202.
[13]	田园, 王仲琦, 林海燕. 云雾形态对爆轰压力场影响的数值模拟研究 [J]. 安全与环境学报, 2013, 13(4): 182–187. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-6094.2013.04.040. TIAN Y, WANG Z Q, LIN H Y. ERP study on the human error in delayed matching to sample task paradigm [J]. Journal of Safety and Environment, 2013, 13(4): 182–187. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-6094.2013.04.040.
[14]	徐永康, 薛琨. 基于人工神经网络算法的多相云雾爆轰毁伤效应预测模型 [J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(6): 1889–1905. DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2023.0094. XU Y K, XUE K. Artificial neural network-based prediction model for damage effect of fuel-air explosive [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(6): 1889–1905. DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2023.0094.
[15]	杨振寰, 袁野, 刘鑫, 等. 起爆方式对圆台型云爆弹装置燃料抛撒初期运动规律的数值模拟 [J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(9): 3071–3081. DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2023.0999. YANG Z H, YUAN Y, LIU X, et al. Numerical simulation on the effects of initiation methods on the initial movement of fuel dispersal in a frustum-shaped FAE device [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(9): 3071–3081. DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2023.0999.
[16]	徐敏潇, 刘大斌, 吴秋洁. 二次起爆条件对小型燃料空气炸药爆轰参数的影响 [J]. 爆破器材, 2017, 46(2): 11–15. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-8352.2017.02.003. XU M X, LIU D B, WU Q J. Influence of re-initiation on detonation parameters of small scale fuel-air explosive [J]. Explosive Materials, 2017, 46(2): 11–15. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-8352.2017.02.003.
[17]	王世英, 王仲琦, 计东奎. 云爆战斗部动态条件下云爆剂抛撒云团形态研究 [J]. 弹箭与制导学报, 2018, 38(4): 1–5. DOI: 10.15892/j.cnki.djzdxb.2018.04.0. WANG S Y, WANG Z Q, JI D K. Research on cloud shape of fuel air explosive warhead under dynamic dispersion [J]. Journal of Projectiles, Rockets, Missiles and Guidance, 2018, 38(4): 1–5. DOI: 10.15892/j.cnki.djzdxb.2018.04.0.
[18]	余炜, 王健, 刘通有, 等. 传爆药超压峰值理论计算公式优化研究 [J]. 北京理工大学学报, 2023, 43(10): 1086–1093. DOI: 10.15918/j.tbit1001-0645.2023.107. YU W, WANG J, LIU T Y, et al. Optimization study on theoretical calculation formula of peak overpressure for booster explosive [J]. Transactions of Beijing institute of Technology, 2023, 43(10): 1086–1093. DOI: 10.15918/j.tbit1001-0645.2023.107.
[19]	闫俊伯, 刘彦, 李臻, 等. 箍筋间距和轴压比对爆炸载荷作用下钢筋混凝土柱动态响应的影响 [J]. 兵工学报, 2020, 41(S2): 35–43. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2020.S2.004. YAN J B, LI Y, LI Z, et al. Effects of transverse reinforcement ratio and axial load on the blast response of steel reinforced concrete columns [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2020, 41(S2): 35–43. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2020.S2.004.
[20]	肖伟芳, 陈思琦, 赵宪忠. 近距离爆炸作用下工字形截面钢柱荷载分布与动态响应数值模拟研究 [J]. 建筑结构学报, 2024, 45(1): 12–26. DOI: 10.14006/j.jzjgxb.2023.0048. XIAO W F, CHEN S Q, ZHAO X Z. Numerical investigations of blast load distribution and dynamic response of I-shaped steel columns subjected to close-in explosions [J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2024, 45(1): 12–26. DOI: 10.14006/j.jzjgxb.2023.0048.
[21]	BAI C H, ZHAO X Y, YAO J, et al. Numerical investigation of the shockwave overpressure fields of multi-sources FAE explosions [J]. Defence Technology, 2021, 17(4): 1168–1177. DOI: 10.1016/j.dt.2020.06.020.
[22]	SUN B F, BAI C H, ZHAO C H, et al. Optimization of ejection characteristics for twice-detonating device in double-event fuel-air explosive with high drop velocity [J]. Fire, 2023, 6(7): 250. DOI: 10.3390/fire6070250.
[23]	姜夕博, 饶国宁, 郭耸, 等. 退役单基发射药临界起爆特性的研究 [J]. 弹道学报, 2013, 25(2): 89–94. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-499X.2013.02.018. JIANG X B, RAO G N, GUO S, et al. Study on critical initiation characteristics of expired single-base propellants [J]. Journal of Ballistics, 2013, 25(2): 89–94. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-499X.2013.02.018.
[24]	宋述忠, 彭金华, 陈网桦, 等. 几种燃料云雾爆轰临界起爆能的研究 [J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2002, 22(4): 373–376. DOI: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-1455.2002.04.016. SONG S Z, PENG J H, CHEN W H, et al. Study on critical initiation energy of several fuel-air mixture [J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2002, 22(4): 373–376. DOI: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-1455.2002.04.016.